著者

李 成五 呉 鍾基 申 芳燮

出版者

一般社団法人 資源・素材学会

雑誌

資源と素材 : 資源・素材学会誌 : journal of the Mining and Materials Processing Institute of Japan (ISSN:09161740)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.115, no.11, pp.815-819, 1999-11-25

参考文献数

17

被引用文献数

1 5

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鉄酸化物の溶解は,金属表面の洗浄および産業鉱物から鉄分の除去などにおいて非常に重要な湿式製錬工程である。本研究ではしゅう酸を使用して各々の初期pH,反応温度,濃度の変化によって天然の鉄鉱石であるヘマタイト(赤鉄鉱)の溶解度を調査した。酸化鉄の溶解は反応温度25~60℃においてゆっきり進行したが,90℃以上では溶解度が急激に増加した。また0.048~0.476mol/lではしゅう酸濃度の増加によって溶解度が増加した。さらにpHの変化においても,pH1.5~2.5の増加により,溶解度は急激に増加したが、pH2.5以上では溶解度が鈍化するという現象を示した。以上の方法によって鉄酸化物であるiron rust(Fe_xO_y・xH₂O)に存在するgoethite(針鉄鉱α-FeOOH)とlepidocrocite(リン鉄鉱γ-FeOOH)と水酸化鉄(Fe(OH)₃)がヘマタイトより早く溶解するという特性を示した。

著者

島内 洋志 氏平 増之 鍵和田 忠男 菅原 隆之 石島 洋二 関 忠郎

出版者

The Mining and Materials Processing Institute of Japan

雑誌

資源と素材 : 資源・素材学会誌 : journal of the Mining and Materials Processing Institute of Japan (ISSN:09161740)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.122, no.3, pp.119-128, 2006-03-25

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In the transportation system using a large scaled dump truck, it is important to replace a wheel safely, quickly and easily when a wheel is burst or too much abraded partially. Conventionally, wheel replacement work has been depended on the replacement machinery for exclusive use. Considerable amount of expenditure was necessary to purchase the replacement machinery for exclusive use. Because of this reason, development of wheel replacing unit (handler unit ) has been expected for holding down the production cost.<BR>In this study, motion of a wheel replacement handler was analyzed both theoretically and experimentally, then handler unit was developed and wheel replacement test was carried out. Results obtained from the study are as follows; 1) Optional height of the axis of the large diameter wheel which is to be replaced can be adjusted easily, applying the analyzed equation obtained from theoretical study on the link motion. 2) It was found that a large scale wheel supported by a pair of steel pipes of which diameter and weight were 3.6 m and 5.2 t respectively could be rolled for setting the bolt holes to the bolt positions, when the pipe diameter was larger than 4 in. 3) As a result of rolling test for a large scale wheel using a pair of steel pipes of which diameter were 7in, it was proved that setting work of bolt holes to the bolt positions could be done within the time of 14-20 min. 4) Conclusively, it can be said that the handler unit newly developed in this study has the wide applicability, simplicity and cost performance comparing with conventional wheel replacing machinery.

著者

鈴木 忠

出版者

一般社団法人 資源・素材学会

雑誌

資源と素材 (ISSN:09161740)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.109, no.9, pp.707-709, 1993-09-25 (Released:2011-01-27)

著者

本庄 鉄弥 土屋 範芳 中塚 勝人

出版者

一般社団法人 資源・素材学会

雑誌

資源と素材 (ISSN:09161740)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.111, no.4, pp.205-211, 1995-04-25 (Released:2011-01-27)

参考文献数

37

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Self-Organizing Neural Network (SONN) was constructed for the purpose of mineral identification. This system consists of two different kinds of networks, Kohonen's Self-Organizing Map and three layer feedforward neural network based on the back-propagation learning algorithm. The former step, Self-Organizing Map, could divide minerals into some categories by the similarities on the selected characteristics of minerals. This rough division of whole input patterns on feature maps was closely analogous to the first step of classification by human brains. The later step, each category had the three layer feedforward neural network independently, and then the minerals belonging to the same category could be identified.In this study, 82 minerals were identified by 5 characteristics of cleavage, metallic luster, Mohs hardness, streak, and color. Some minerals have plural input patterns on the 5 characteristics mentioned above. Therefore, total number of input patterns was 119 for 82 minerals.After constructing the feature maps and the back-propagation learning, this system could suggest the suitable mineral name for unlearning input patterns. The advantage of the proposed method is that scaling up of the system is possible with relatively small increase in learning times. Further, it should be stressed that this technique can be used in other problems where recognition and identification are necessary.

著者

冨永 博夫 辰已 敬

出版者

一般社団法人 資源・素材学会

雑誌

資源と素材 (ISSN:09161740)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.107, no.1, pp.2-7, 1991

被引用文献数

2

著者

板垣 乙未生 ROGHANI Ghasem FONT Jonkion M.

出版者

The Mining and Materials Processing Institute of Japan

雑誌

資源と素材 : 資源・素材学会誌 : journal of the Mining and Materials Processing Institute of Japan (ISSN:09161740)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.115, no.4, pp.203-211, 1999-04-25

被引用文献数

1

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For thermodynamically understanding copper or nickel smelting processes using oxygen or oxygen-enriched air as a blowing gas, a series of the authors' experimental studies of the phase equilibrium and distribution of minor elements between the copper matte or the nickel matte and the FeOX-SiO2 base slag under the SO2 partial pressures of 0.1, 0.5 and 1 atm at 1,300 °C are reviewed in this paper. The solubility of copper was found to be independent of pSO2 when the matte grade was specified and it was considered that this behavior was ascribable to the constancy of (pO2 /pS2 ) against pSO2 . On the other hand, it was clarified that the solubility of nickel in the slag increased with increasing pSO2 at a given matte grade. The difference in the dissolution behavior between copper and nickel was considered to be ascribable to the difference in the chemical formulas of the mono-metallic sulfides in which one copper atom combines with 1/2 sulfur atom while one nickel atom with 2/3 sulfur atom. When the distribution ratio of a minor element, X, between the slag and matte phases was defined as LXs/m = (mass % X in slag)/{mass % X in matte}, LXs/m for arsenic, antimony and bismuth at a given matte grade increased with increasing pSO2. This behavior was explained reasonabley by assuming a mutual reaction between a metallic species in the matte and an oxidic species in the slag. On the other hand, the distribution ratio of silver at a given matte grade was almost constant against pSO2. This was considered to be ascribed to the sulfidic species of AgS0.5 prevailing in the matte phase as well as the constancy of (pO2 /pS2 ) against pSO2.

著者

島 政雄 川北 鎮雄 森 誠治

出版者

一般社団法人 資源・素材学会

雑誌

資源と素材 (ISSN:09161740)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.107, no.2, pp.85-94, 1991

被引用文献数

4

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These descriptions about recycling of copper, lead and zinc are respectively summarized as follows:<BR>Copper: One of the problems of copper's recycling is that the cost for collection of scrap copper is very expensive, because copper is diversified into many merchandizes. And as the value of copper is unstable, it is difficult to get the stable collection continuously.<BR>Lead: The increasing tonnage and percentage of the use for lead-acid batteries were found to be the significant feature. The recycling rate of lead depends much on that of spent lead-acidb atteries. It was concluded that further improvement of the recycling rate would be required especially through the increased collection of spent batteries and treatment in primary lead smelters.<BR>Zinc: The recovery of recycled zinc has been increasing its importance from the viewpoints of resource conservation, pollution control and saving land-fill sites because Japan is quite poor in natural resources.

著者

吉田 豊 門脇 良一 畑中 雅彦 坂口 威 西辻 昭

出版者

一般社団法人 資源・素材学会

雑誌

資源と素材 (ISSN:09161740)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.111, no.4, pp.219-224, 1995-04-25 (Released:2011-01-27)

参考文献数

23

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In the past, many methods of measuring gas concentration were developed. However, limitations lixe; selectivity in the kind of gases the system can measure, range of gas quantity and pre-treatment requirements prevented the wider applications of these techniques.The objective of this research is to develop a method for measuring gas concentrations that is free from the above mentioned limitations. In this regard, the principle and the technique of measuring the sound generated by the spectral diffraction of a laser beam was investigated.This technique is fundamentally different from any other usual spectroscopic analysis: this is an indirect method which measures the acoustic pressure emitted from gas when the photo energy is supplied to it.First, miniaturized laser equipment was fabricated based on diagrams and gas flow type. Then the primary parameters in this system in terms of the sensitivity of this system are the following; the laser's power output, the chopping frequency and the acoustic cell shape. The influence of these factors on the sound generated by the beam were investigated.As an condition of this system, a CO2 laser with output power of under 5.0W, a radial cell and a chopping frequency of 20Hz were chosen. As a result of the experiments under this condition, we confirmed that acoustic signal is proportional to gas concentration of single and mixture gas.For high sensitivity analysis of measuring acoustic signal, the noise characterics in measuring system, which was occured by discharge tube of laser, microphone, acoustic cell and so on, were measured and were eliminated. The new discharge tube of laser without noise was fabricated. And we maked out for the about thirty kinds of diameter, axies lenngth and mass of acoustic cell. The chopping frequency was chosen outside for frequency of noise. It was found that the gas concentrations of Ethylene was measurable in the ranges of concentration 1ppm-10%.

著者

岡本 晴道 緒方 俊 川澄 良雄 山本 則雄 大田 一義 寺崎 秀敏

出版者

一般社団法人 資源・素材学会

雑誌

資源と素材 (ISSN:09161740)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.105, no.2, pp.150-153, 1989-02-25 (Released:2011-01-27)

参考文献数

6

著者

鈴木 忠 井清 武弘

出版者

一般社団法人 資源・素材学会

雑誌

資源と素材 (ISSN:09161740)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.106, no.3, pp.139-143, 1990-03-25 (Released:2011-01-27)

参考文献数

5

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For the purpose of more effective underground communication, UHF radio wave propagation along underground gallery was discussed both experimentally and theoretically. From the experimental results, it became clear that the higher frequency bands, i. e. more than 500 MHz, were favorable for underground use by the reason of the lower propagation loss. To establish the propagation model of UHF radio wave theoretically, both the simple geometrical image source method and the characteristic equation method were discussed to allow for gallery conditions such as timbering methods, cross sectional area and others. Reasonably good agreements were observed between experimental results and theoretical calculation which is based on the simple geometrical image source method.

著者

七沢 淳 武田 邦彦

出版者

一般社団法人 資源・素材学会

雑誌

資源と素材 (ISSN:09161740)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.113, no.12, pp.1049-1054, 1997-12-25 (Released:2011-01-27)

参考文献数

15

被引用文献数

1 1

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The separation unit, separation factor, total flow in separation system, energy requirement, and second wastes by separation for recycling system have been studied theoretically. Theoretical equationsof separation unit, and height of separation unit were introduced and it was pointed that the total flow in the separation unit was proportional inversely to the separation factor by two powers and the amount of the second waste materials is proportional to the factor. The second waste materials and the energy consumption should be considered in the aspect of the environmental assessment. The physical term and the social term have to be divided for the recycling separation more definitely than for the ordinal separation process.

著者

安井 至

出版者

一般社団法人 資源・素材学会

雑誌

資源と素材 (ISSN:09161740)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.113, no.2, pp.83-87, 1997-02-25 (Released:2011-01-27)

参考文献数

13

被引用文献数

1

著者

白鳥 寿一 中村 崇

出版者

一般社団法人 資源・素材学会

雑誌

資源と素材 (ISSN:09161740)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.122, no.6,7, pp.325-329, 2006 (Released:2007-07-25)

参考文献数

6

被引用文献数

20

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The condition for material recycling in our country is gradually improving. However, even the current recycling rate of base metals easier to process than rare metals, is not enough. Though several suggestions have been made to improve this situation, they could not be implemented due to restrictions caused by the legal context such as the Waste Disposal Law. Also, in many cases, recycling of materials was limited due to its high treatment costs. If this situation continues to prevail, valuable metal resources indispensable for advanced technology will be lost permanently. And the toxic metals associated with valuable metals will pollute our country gradually. In order to improve the recycling rate and to prevent the diffusion of contaminants, we propose a new system taking various aspects of metal recycling into consideration. This system is based on the concept of "artificial mineral deposit". This system is a paradigm change on the way we look at waste products, as the stockpiled recycling metal is treated as ore deposit. The new system will allow various possibilities of further metal recycling and reduce environmental impact tremendously.

著者

宮野 久 佐藤 幸次

出版者

一般社団法人 資源・素材学会

雑誌

資源と素材 (ISSN:09161740)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.109, no.9, pp.663-666, 1993-09-25 (Released:2011-01-27)

著者

西山 孝 安達 毅

出版者

一般社団法人 資源・素材学会

雑誌

資源と素材 (ISSN:09161740)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.109, no.6, pp.473-477, 1993-06-25 (Released:2011-01-27)

参考文献数

7

被引用文献数

2

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World production of widely used metals grew rapidly until the early 1970's, as expressed in The Limits to Growth (Meadows et al., 1972), but then metal demand dropped sharply after 1973. Growth rates in production of each metal varied year by year or among metals.The difference between supply-demand forecast and actual production during last 20 years was examined. Different patterns between the two for 16 metals were classified into four groups.(1) The actual production of Co, Cr and Pt exceeded the projected trend that had been predicted in 1970.(2) Iron accounts for more than 95% of all metals consumed. A significant proportion of Mn, Ni, W, Mo, Cr and Co produced is used in the steel industry. This group, composed of iron and related metals other than Co and Cr, shows a similar pattern.(3) Growth rates of production of Cu, Zn, Ag, and Al continued to be low during the last 20 years, but the rates are not negative.(4) Growth rates of production of Pb, Au, Sn and Hg are negative or zero. Large differences between actual production and predicted consumption prevailed during the 1970-1990 period.When the lifetime of these metals calculated in 1970 are compared with those in 1990, static indices of Au, Hg, Ag, Sn, Zn and Pb which fall in the range of 10-30 year, have not changed very much. No tendency toward depletion of the resources has been found under the present condition. New reserves have been discovered in the last 20 years. A basic question in the long-term supply is how long the present situation continue.

著者

臼井 進之助 佐々木 弘

出版者

一般社団法人 資源・素材学会

雑誌

資源と素材 (ISSN:09161740)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.107, no.9, pp.585-591, 1991-08-25 (Released:2011-01-27)

参考文献数

71

被引用文献数

2 4

著者

福井 勝則 大久保 誠介 寺嶋 卓文

出版者

一般社団法人 資源・素材学会

雑誌

資源と素材 (ISSN:09161740)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.117, no.9, pp.703-710, 2001 (Released:2006-01-08)

参考文献数

21

被引用文献数

1 2

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A number of studies on electromagnetic wave emission from fractured rocks have been heretofore carried out. By many authors it was pointed out that rock fracturing or acoustic emission could be concerned with electromagnetic wave emission. However, the origin of electromagnetic wave emission is still not well understood.In this study electromagnetic wave from rocks was measured with a radio interference measuring apparatus during uniaxial compression testing under several kinds of loading conditions.Firstly, the uniaxial compression testing under constant strain rate of 10-4 s-1 was conducted for seven rocks. It was found that Inada granite, Honkomatsu andesite and Kuzuu dolomite emit electromagnetic wave. However electromagnetic wave cannot be detected for Sanjome andesite, Akiyoshi marble, Kimachi sandstone and mortar.Secondly, electromagnetic wave emission was investigated under several experimental conditions. It was found that Inada granite emits electromagnetic wave during uniaxial compression testing under a constant strain rate of 10-5 s-1 and under a constant rate of (stress-strain / Young's modulus).In most cases, electromagnetic wave emission was accompanied with sudden decrease of stress. By analysis on results of the uniaxial compression testing under constant strain rate, it was found that electromagnetic wave emission is closely related to cracking or crack extension.The main results in this study can be summarized as follows;1) Amplitude of electromagnetic wave is relatively large for strong rock.2) For Inada granite, the larger the stress drop occurred in uniaxial compression test is, the larger the amplitude of electromagnetic wave.

著者

李 孝淑 康 南基 呉 在賢

出版者

一般社団法人 資源・素材学会

雑誌

資源と素材 (ISSN:09161740)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.110, no.4, pp.297-302, 1994-04-25 (Released:2011-08-04)

参考文献数

9

被引用文献数

2 2

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水溶液中における磁鉄鉱生成の機構を明らかにするために, 本報では先ずFe (OH) 2懸濁液の酸化条件による磁鉄鉱生成の速度ならびに生成粒子に関して調べた。それからFe (OH) 2懸濁液に三価鉄を理論量だけ加えると粒径100Å前後の磁鉄鉱が瞬間的に生成されることがわかった。Fe (OH)2とFe(OH)3の適定試験における溶液の色の変化ならびに適定曲線と三価鉄の影響をあわせ考え次のような固体-固体反応による磁鉄鉱の生成機構を導出した。Fe (OH)2(s)+2Fe(OH)3(s)→Fe3O4 (s)+4H2O

著者

三上 博史 周 伝久 高橋 千一郎 佐藤 忠夫 嶋影 和宜

出版者

一般社団法人 資源・素材学会

雑誌

資源と素材 (ISSN:09161740)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.110, no.4, pp.313-318, 1994

被引用文献数

2

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Vanadium diboride (VB<SUB>2</SUB>) film has been synthesized on mild steel and transparent quartz substrates by CVD method, which was carried out at the temperature range of 1073 to 1223K with the hydrogen reduction of VOCl<SUB>3</SUB>-BCl<SUB>3</SUB> mixture under the chemical erquivalent ratio regions of 10 to 40 for H<SUB>2</SUB>-VOCl<SUB>3</SUB> gases and of 40 to 120 for H<SUB>2</SUB>-BCl<SUB>3</SUB> gases. VB<SUB>2</SUB> film involving both Fe<SUB>2</SUB>B and FeB was synthesized on a mild steel substrate because a mild steel plate was borided with BCl<SUB>3</SUB> gas. On the other hand, pure VB<SUB>2</SUB> layer film was prepared on a transparent quartz substrate atthe temperature above 1173K. Futhermore, VB<SUB>2</SUB> film having high orientation and crystallization could not be prepared on a mild steel substrate. However, smooth surface VB<SUB>2</SUB> film having high crystallization and micro-vickers hardness of about 2800Hmv could be synthesized on a transparent quartz substrate at the temperature of 1173K under the conditions of chemical equivalent ratio of 40 for H<SUB>2</SUB>-VOCl<SUB>3</SUB> gases and of 80 for H<SUB>2</SUB>-BCl<SUB>3</SUB> gases.

著者

山口 勉功 棚橋 満 月橋 文孝 長崎 英範 服部 靖匡 大石 敏雄

出版者

一般社団法人 資源・素材学会

雑誌

資源と素材 (ISSN:09161740)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.119, no.10,11, pp.683-686, 2003 (Released:2006-04-05)

参考文献数

63

被引用文献数

2

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Recently, several removal technologies of minor elements in copper smelting have been developed along with the degradation and the diversification of copper concentrates and also for assuring the quality of cathode. This article reviews the current and new elimination technologies of minor elements for copper smelting based on the recently published papers focusing specifically on arsenic, antimony, bismuth, lead and nickel among various impurities. In this article, the removal technologies in copper smelting are classified into five categories; (1) pre-treatment, (2) extraction from matte or copper, (3) dust treatment, (4) anode doping and (5) purification of electrolyte. Vacuum refining which is not established as a current industrial process is also described in this article.