著者

伊原 禎雄 宇根 有美 大沼 学 佐藤 洋司 新国 勇

出版者

「野生生物と社会」学会

雑誌

野生生物と社会 (ISSN:24240877)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.2, no.1, pp.37-41, 2014-12-01 (Released:2017-06-16)

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We studied the circumstances and cause of a sudden mass mortality of frogs that occurred in May 2012 in Kurotanigawa, Tadami, Fukushima Prefecture. A total of 341 dead frogs of four species were observed: (Rhacophors arboreus, Rhacophors schlegelii, Rana nigromaculata, and Hyla japonica). Most of the dead individuals (91.8%) were forest green tree frog (Rhacophors arboreus). Based on pathological and molecular biological examination for pathogen, the primary cause of death appeared to be mammalian bites. We concluded that a mammalian predator caused this mass mortality by attacking. Automatic cameras provided evidence of raccoon dog (Nyctereutes procyonides), civet (Paguma larvata), and raccoon (Procyon lotor). The injuries to the frogs were consistent with reports of damage by raccoons. Raccoons may cause this mass mortality of frogs.

著者

菅原 寛 關 義和

出版者

「野生生物と社会」学会

雑誌

野生生物と社会 (ISSN:24240877)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.3, no.1, pp.41-50, 2015-11-01 (Released:2017-06-16)

被引用文献数

1

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We assessed the ability of farmers to accurately identify mammals causing crop damage, by interviewing 134 farmers in Nagano Prefecture, Japan. The farmers identified crop damage caused by Japanese macaque (Macaca fuscata) based on sightings; that caused by sika deer (Cervus nippon) and wild boars (Sus scrofa) based on footprints and/or feeding signs; and that caused by masked palm civets (Paguma larvata), raccoon dogs (Nyctereutes procyonoides), and Japanese badgers (Meles anakuma) based on feeding signs. The result showed a high accuracy of Japanese macaque identification causing crop damage; however, the accuracy of footprint identification for sika deer and wild boars was low. Furthermore, many farmers confused the footprints of three mammals with one another-the sika deer, wild boars, and Japanese serows (Capricornis crispus). Thus, reports regarding the identification of mammals that cause crop damage by farmers need to be carefully reviewed. Generalized Linear Mixed Model analysis indicated that hunting and effective communication with hunters positively affected the accuracy of the answers. This suggests that a platform to communicate with hunters or experts can be effectively offered to farmers to enhance their knowledge and ability to accurately identify mammals that cause crop damage.

著者

常田 邦彦

出版者

「野生生物と社会」学会

雑誌

野生生物と社会 (ISSN:24240877)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.3, no.1, pp.3-11, 2015-11-01 (Released:2017-06-16)

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The main purpose of hunting in Japanese early modern age was nuisance control, and that of in modern age was commercial and minor-subsistent. Since 1960s, hunting for these purposes has drastically decreased and recreational hunting has prospered rapidly. Today, recreational hunting is also declining due to hunters' aging and reduction in number. Under this situation, control hunting, especially conducted by the public sector, is increasing with the expansion of wildlife damage. The development of modern legal system on hunting began in the 1890s and its current framework was established by the amendment of the 'Wildlife Protection and Proper Hunting Act (WPHA)' in 1963. The WPHA is a law regulating the capture of wild birds and mammals with a view to protecting wildlife through enhancing various restrictions. However, this legal system did not work well due to lack of a process to set the concrete number of animals to be hunted in the field in accordance with the overall management objectives. In 1999, WPHA was revised again and the Specific Wildlife Management Planning System, the first scientific wildlife management planning system in Japan, was introduced. The latest amendment of WPHA in 2014, established a new control program and a certification system for professional culling to promote wildlife damage control by public sector. The WPHA is evolving to achieve two objectives of strengthening biodiversity conservation and wildlife damage control simultaneously.