著者

照井 滋晴 秋山 吉寛 野本 和宏

出版者

「野生生物と社会」学会

雑誌

野生生物と社会 (ISSN:24240877)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.10, pp.27-34, 2022 (Released:2022-10-25)

参考文献数

31

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As a conservation measure associated with development projects in Kushiro Marsh, egg sacs and adults of Siberian salamander (Salamandrella keyserlingii) were translocated to artificial ponds in two periods (1986-1990 and 1996-1998). Following the first translocation, Kushiro City Board of Education commenced a continuous monitoring survey for 29 years from 1991 to 2019. The survey revealed that the translocated individuals spawned annually in the artificial breeding ponds by 2016; however, the number of egg sacs continuously decreased, after 2017, no further spawning was observed. Therefore, we consider that the translocated individuals are now either extinct or on the verge of extinction, indicating that the translocation project has failed. In this report, we discuss the factors that caused the failure of translocation projects and summarize factors to consider while translocating Siberian salamander.

著者

下地 幸夫

出版者

「野生生物と社会」学会

雑誌

野生生物保護 (ISSN:13418777)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.12, no.1, pp.21-26, 2009 (Released:2018-01-27)

参考文献数

13

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Neolucanus insulicola donan, is a stag beetle endemic to Yonaguni Island, a small island in the Ryukyu Archipelago of Japan. The species is known to be a valuable indicator of the unique biogeographical composition of the archipelago and is useful for taxonomic research. However, it is now feared that this stag beetle is facing extinction as a result of the activities of insect dealers and collectors. Specimens are traded for high prices and are a rare commodity on the Japanese insect market. The species' population size was originally estimated to be over 600 but has declined to less than 1% of this number. In order to catch the larvae, the worst collectors have destroyed the tree cavities that the beetle uses for nesting. Collecting damages the habitat and this is likely to cause extinction of the species. It is obvious that such overexploitation has harmed the forest ecosystem on this island. Protection of this beetle depends on a prohibition on collecting and on preservation of Yonaguni Island's natural forest.

著者

永田 純子 後藤 優介 高木 俊人 兼子 伸吾 原田 正史

出版者

「野生生物と社会」学会

雑誌

野生生物と社会 (ISSN:24240877)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.10, pp.63-73, 2022 (Released:2023-02-15)

参考文献数

61

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As the number of sightings of Japanese sika deer (Cervus nippon) increases in Ibaraki Prefecture, Japan, male sika deer have recently appeared in Tsukuba City (2015 and 2016) and Yuki City (2019), located in the southwestern part of the prefecture (ISW). We analyzed the mitochondrial DNA control region sequences of three individuals and compared them with those of sika deer in the neighboring areas to infer their areas of origin. The three individuals shared an identical haplotype 6TCG1 and repeat motif TD-2. Pairwise FST and Exact Test suggested significant genetic differentiation in the Nasu-Yaita/Boso Peninsula/Kanto Mountains and ISW. Based on these results, the most possible area of origin of these deer was Nikko in Tochigi Prefecture, which was the only area with the identical haplotype-repeat motif “6TCG1-TD-2”. The areas where we obtained the three deer are all very close to the Kokai River, which originates in the Nasu area, Tochigi Prefecture, and the Kinu River, which has its upper reaches in Nikko and northern Tochigi Prefecture. The sika deer in ISW may have migrated from Tochigi Prefecture using the green areas along these rivers as corridors.

著者

佐藤 忍

出版者

「野生生物と社会」学会

雑誌

ワイルドライフ・フォーラム (ISSN:13418785)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.13, no.4, pp.48-51, 2009

著者

永田 純子 落合 啓二

出版者

「野生生物と社会」学会

雑誌

野生生物保護 (ISSN:13418777)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.12, no.1, pp.27-31, 2009 (Released:2018-01-27)

参考文献数

11

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The wild boar (Sus scrofa leucomystax) population in Chiba prefecture, Japan, went extinct in the 1970's, subsequently recovering since 1986. To investigate genetic differences between this extinct population and contemporary wild boar populations in Chiba, we analyzed mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) from wild boar specimens from the 1940s and 50s and contemporary animals. We successfully sequenced 572 base pair (bp) fragments of the mtDNA control region from three of four bones from extinct boars, and from 18 samples from contemporary wild boars. In the remaining of the four bones from the extinct population, only 385 bp of the 572 bp fragment were successfully sequenced. All specimens from the 1940s and 50s had haplotype J8, whereas contemporary boars had J3 and J10. Our findings indicated that the haplotype composition of the extinct boars was different from that of the modern population. Haplotype composition differences are not likely to be caused by migrations from neighboring prefectures to Chiba, because the current Chiba population is isolated from other populations. The contemporary population of wild boars in Chiba may have originated from escapes and/or introductions of feral boars or Inobuta from breeding farms.

著者

宮下 健太郎

出版者

「野生生物と社会」学会

雑誌

ワイルドライフ・フォーラム (ISSN:13418785)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.20, no.1, pp.26-27, 2015-07-15 (Released:2017-11-03)

著者

久井 貴世

出版者

「野生生物と社会」学会

雑誌

野生生物と社会 (ISSN:24240877)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1, no.1, pp.7-20, 2013-12-20 (Released:2017-06-16)

被引用文献数

1

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The Tancho, or Japanese Crane (Grus japonensis) which inhabits Japan, has been on the brink of extinction because of intense hunting activity, and loss of habitat, since the Meiji Era. In modern Japan, the hunting targeted at the Japanese cranes is still active. The Japanese cranes are dazzling targets for hunting and are used to make valuable products. Japanese hunters at that time lacked the forethought of wildlife protection, and their intense hunting became a threat to the cranes' survival. The Japanese hunters tracked cranes not only in Japan, but also on the Korean peninsula. The Japanese cranes were important for industry and thought of as a special product of the Korean Peninsula, especially for Japanese people. Even on the Korean Peninsula, poaching was rampant after the Hunt Rule was established. These cranes were a connecting point of importance to the Japanese people. The value of the cranes caused an increase of pressure to hunt them. In addition, it can be thought that these factors, which include the development of hunting techniques, the imperialistic expansion, and the hunters' sense of ethics, overlapped to cause a sharp decrease of Japanese cranes in modern Japan and the Korean Peninsula.

著者

竹下 毅

出版者

「野生生物と社会」学会

雑誌

ワイルドライフ・フォーラム (ISSN:13418785)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.18, no.2, pp.30-31, 2014-01-31 (Released:2017-11-03)

著者

森光 由樹

出版者

「野生生物と社会」学会

雑誌

野生生物と社会 (ISSN:24240877)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.3, no.1, pp.35-40, 2015-11-01 (Released:2017-06-16)

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Conflicts between wild animals and humans have been increasing during the recent years, resulting in damage to human environments and infrastructure as well as injuries to humans. In urban areas, capturing the wild animals is a difficult task because, by law, firearms cannot be used. As a method for rapidly incapacitating and capturing these animals, it has become legal to use tranquilizer guns, as they are non-lethal, and there is little danger of damage to the property. Capturing via tranquilizer gun is a safe method; however, operational problems remain. Because tranquilizer guns are drug delivery systems and not firearms, written tests and practical exams for the use of tranquilizer guns are not imposed. A person who does not have basic firearm training can still use the guns, as long as he/she passes police inspection. Because there are various problems in the positioning and operation of tranquilizer guns in the amended law, there is an immediate need to create user manuals and to formulate rules to prevent accidents.

著者

山田 文雄

出版者

「野生生物と社会」学会

雑誌

ワイルドライフ・フォーラム (ISSN:13418785)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.20, no.2, pp.39-41, 2016-02-15 (Released:2017-11-03)

著者

赤嶺 淳

出版者

「野生生物と社会」学会

雑誌

ワイルドライフ・フォーラム (ISSN:13418785)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.12, no.3, pp.4-5, 2007-11-25 (Released:2017-11-07)

著者

山田 晋也 大竹 正剛 大場 孝裕 山口 亮 大橋 正孝

出版者

「野生生物と社会」学会

雑誌

野生生物と社会 (ISSN:24240877)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1, no.1, pp.1-5, 2013-12-20 (Released:2017-06-16)

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We evaluated the stress in deer that were captured using corrals, foot snare traps, grand hunt, and sharp shooting by determining the cortisol and creatine kinase levels. The means of the cortisol levels were 2.5±1.3μg/dL, 11.3±5.3μg/dL, 2.1±2.5μg/dL, and 0.4±0.1μg/dL for deer captured using corrals, foot snare traps, grand hunt, and sharp shooting, respectively. The means of the creatine kinase levels for deer captured using corrals, foot snare traps, grand hunt, and sharp shooting were 93.5±129.1×10^3U/L, 253.6±303.3×10^3U/L, 46.6±70.1×10^3U/L, and 2.6±2.0×10^3U/L, respectively. The means of the cortisol levels of the deer captured using corral, grand hunt, and sharp shooting were significantly lower than that of the deer captured using foot snare traps (p<0.01). The mean of the creatine kinase levels of deer captured using corrals was significantly higher than that of the deer captured using sharp shooting (p<0.01), but was equal to that of the deer captured using foot snare traps and grand hunt.

著者

小坪 遊

出版者

「野生生物と社会」学会

雑誌

ワイルドライフ・フォーラム (ISSN:13418785)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.26, no.1, pp.7-10, 2021 (Released:2022-09-22)

著者

橋本 啓史 須川 恒 西野 麻知子 石川 俊之

出版者

「野生生物と社会」学会

雑誌

野生生物保護 (ISSN:13418777)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.14, no.1-2, pp.15-29, 2013-07-01 (Released:2017-09-07)

参考文献数

40

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We studied the impacts of human disturbances by boats on wintering waterbirds at 2 sites, in the North and South of Lake Biwa, a Ramsar wetland in Shiga Prefecture, Japan. Most land-feeding ducks (Anas platyrhynchos, An. poecilorhyncha, An. crecca, and An. formosd) slept offshore during the daytime. Herbivorous ducks (An. penelope, An. strepera, and An, falcata) foraged on the water surface. Diving herbivorous waterbirds (Fulica atra) foraged by diving offshore in the North, and by surface-feeding over a wide area of the water surface in the South. Most diving ducks (Ayihya ferina, Ay. fuligula, Ay. marila, and Bucephala clangula) slept on the water surface near the shoreline during the daytime, and some individuals started diving to forage in the afternoon. At both sites, waterbirds were often disturbed by fishing boats. Some birds flew away from the disturbance, but the species foraging in the daytime tended to come back to the same area and resume foraging promptly, whereas the species sleeping in the daytime tended not to come back.

著者

本田 裕子

出版者

「野生生物と社会」学会

雑誌

ワイルドライフ・フォーラム (ISSN:13418785)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.26, no.2, pp.26-31, 2022-02-28 (Released:2023-04-07)

著者

渡邉 英之

出版者

「野生生物と社会」学会

雑誌

野生生物と社会 (ISSN:24240877)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.11, pp.73-78, 2023 (Released:2023-10-28)

参考文献数

35

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Raccoons (Procyon lotor) are known to affect natural ecosystems through their predation on amphibians. To protect these amphibians and the natural ecosystem, there is a need to understand the population density and habitat distribution of raccoons. Sayama Hills is an important habitat for rare amphibians. However, there is limited information on the raccoon population at this location. In this study, I investigated the distribution and relative abundance of raccoons through surveys based on raccoon claw marks on temple pillars and hunting and culling statistics in Sayama Hills. Raccoon claw marks of were found in 30 of 73 temples investigated across Sayama Hills. The catch per unit effort (CPUE) values of the studied cities were 0.79-3.43, except for Higashimurayama, which had no capture records and few raccoon markings. On the Tokyo side of Sayama Hills, the CPUE values were higher in the western cities. Based on these results, the raccoon populations appear to have established their distribution in Sayama Hills, showing an east-west cline in abundance on the Tokyo side. Such a spatial inclination needs to be considered in future management plans of raccoons.

著者

中沢 智恵子

出版者

「野生生物と社会」学会

雑誌

野生生物保護 (ISSN:13418777)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.12, no.2, pp.19-38, 2010-03-01 (Released:2017-09-20)

参考文献数

41

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The causes of the extinction of the Japanese wolf (Canis lupus hodophilax), once found in three-Honshu, Shikoku, and Kyushu-of the four Japanese large islands, were documented by surveying official documents of northeastern Honshu from the Meiji era (1868-1912). The results showed many instances of nuisance killings of the animals, motivated by attacks on free-ranging livestock by the animals. The extirpation policies and their implemental measures were planned and authorized by the prefectural administrations of Aomori, Iwate, Iwai (then occupying parts of both present-day Iwate and Miyagi Prefectures), and Miyagi. In Aomori Prefecture, the police killed wolves. In Iwai Prefecture, the police commanded hunters to conduct the nuisance killings. The government of Iwate Prefecture enacted a bounty system in 1875, and 201 wolves were killed in 6 years. The government of Miyagi Prefecture followed it in 1877. In Fukushima Prefecture, local people conducted nuisance killings. Besides, the documents showed that fur, meat, and other parts of wolves were traded and used in northeastern Honshu. Thus, it can be concluded that the nuisance killings and hunting of wolves in the late 19th century contributed to the extinction of these animals in northeastern Honshu.

著者

奥山 正樹

出版者

「野生生物と社会」学会

雑誌

野生生物と社会 (ISSN:24240877)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.11, pp.1-10, 2023 (Released:2023-03-07)

参考文献数

18

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Transitions of designation categories of the Wildlife Protection Areas and the extent of these designated areas were analyzed using government guidelines and wildlife statistics. A remarkable decrease was observed in the designated area for the “forest habitat type”, which occupies the largest proportion. For all other categories except the “habitat corridor type”, there was an increase in the designated area. As the number of hunters decreases and the damage caused by wildlife becomes serious, the significance of hunting-prohibited areas is declining. Therefore, “forest habitat type”, “large-scale habitat type” and “habitat corridor type” should be designated with a clear intention to secure the original habitat for wildlife, which is supported by science-based management. The categories such as “endangered species habitat type” and “large migration areas type”, whose designation as Special Protection Areas is imperative, are expected to function as true nature conservation areas by effective planning and design of the Special Protection Areas and surrounding buffer zones.

著者

矢部 隆

出版者

「野生生物と社会」学会

雑誌

ワイルドライフ・フォーラム (ISSN:13418785)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.18, no.2, pp.3-5, 2014-01-31 (Released:2017-11-03)

著者

阿部 永 丸山 美和

出版者

「野生生物と社会」学会

雑誌

ワイルドライフ・フォーラム (ISSN:13418785)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.13, no.3, pp.8-13, 2008-11-10