著者

真柄 欽次 Kinji MAGARA

雑誌

総合政策論叢 (ISSN:13463829)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.3, pp.1-9, 2002-03-25

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世界で最も人口密度の高いアジア・太平洋地域には、1995年現在約33億人、つまり世界人口の58%が居住する。この地域の6か国、中国、インド、インドネシア、パキスタン、日本、バングラデッシュは世界で最も人口の多い10か国の中に入る。環境負荷に対する伝統的な考えは人口規模、人口増加率、人口密度に基づくものであったが、人間の消費の大きさも地球や地域のエコシステムに悪影響を与えていることが分かってきた。国ごとの「一人当たり国内総生産(購買力平価)×人口」の比較によると、中国と日本はそれぞれ世界第2位、第3位で、アメリカに次ぐ。もし消費活動が環境破壊の主原因であるとすれば、これら3国の地球生態系保護に対する責任は重い。最近の研究によると、人口増加、貧困、資源枯渇、環境破壊の間にも悪循環の関係があることが判明している。過去数十年間にインド、インドネシア、フィリピン、マレーシア、スリランカなどの国々でとられた貧困対策は一応の成果を収めたが、地域のみならず地球全体の環境を守るためには、アジア諸国の一層の努力が継続されることが望まれる。

著者

鹿 錫俊 Xijun LU

雑誌

総合政策論叢 (ISSN:13463829)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.3, pp.61-74, 2002-03-25

著者

村井 洋

出版者

島根県立大学総合政策学会

雑誌

総合政策論叢 (ISSN:13463829)

巻号頁・発行日

no.38, pp.121-125, 2019-10

著者

岡本 祥浩

出版者

中京大学総合政策学部

雑誌

総合政策論叢 (ISSN:18848834)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.10, pp.17-28, 2019

著者

朴 容寛

出版者

島根県立大学

雑誌

総合政策論叢 (ISSN:13463829)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.3, pp.27-45, 2002-03-25

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There are differences of culture between Japan and Korea, in spite of many similarities as neighboring nations sharing a sea in common. The purpose of this paper is to clarify cultural differences of the two countries through a comparative analysis of their national stories, namely, Chushingura in Japan and Shunkoden in Korea, and consequently to contribute to the mutual understanding and friendlier relationship between the two countries. The author found the scene of Chushingura was the Edo Period and that of Shunkoden the Chosen Dynasty. It can be said that the culture of kashikomaru was formed in the Edo Period which was characterized with militaristic ascendancy but the culture of kashikogaru was formed in the Chosen Dynasty which was characterized as the age of sonbi, a literary person. Followings are several aspects of the cultures of Japan and Korea seen from the perspective of kashikomaru and kashikogaru. First, passive voice expressions are popular in Japan, but active voice expressions are popular in Korea. Second, "ganbare" is popular in Japan, but "kuenchana" is in Korea. "Ganbaru" is used to describe an effort to do one's best to accomplish a task given by awe-inspiring gods, great authoritative figures, or lords. "Kuenchana" is used to encourage and cheer up a boastful Korean when he loses his self-confidence or suffers a defeat. Third, Japanese developed the culture of reservation and Koreans the culture of self-praise, because Japanese warriors, who carry swords with themselves, are in peril of losing their life if they should hurt others' feelings, but Koreans, who are encouraged to be literate, are not even if they speak ill of others and quarrel with others. Fourth, loyalty to his master is important in the samurai society where one's life was at a stake for a warrior without special abilities, but cause is valued in Korea. Fifth, the power of the sword is practiced in Japan and the power of the pen in Korea, which are suggested by the subjects of the stories, namely, samurai in Chushingura and sonbi in Shunkoden. Sixth, the beauty of death is emphasized in Japan, but that of life in Korea. The author believe that mutual understanding by respecting cultural differences is more important to establish friendlier relationship between Japan and Korea than to point out similarities of them. It is necessary to see both countries from plural perspectives in order for people to gain better knowledge about others.

著者

諏訪 淳一郎

出版者

島根県立大学

雑誌

総合政策論叢 (ISSN:13463829)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.3, pp.47-60, 2002-03-25

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A popular form of Iwami kagura in the Seki-ou district of Shimane Prefecture is known as hatchoshi. This form has been given relatively minor attention because of its secular performative format. By contrast to the rokuchoshi kagura in the mountain region of old Iwami region, which still has religious significance of evocating trance, hatchoshi has attracted audiences at supermarkets, for instance, with decorative costumes, dramatic settings and fast beat of the taiko drum. This article discusses an example from an institution for the mentally disabled located in Kanagi Town, south of Hamada. The welfare institution, Iwami Fukushikai, has a very active club to perform hatchoshi with help from volunteer; it also manages workshops of costumes, masks, and other instrument for kagura groups on demand. In the core of the kagura-related activity of Iwami Fukushikai, there is a flexibility of the hatchoshi tradition. Although it may sound contradictory, hatchoshi was initially invented as a new style of kagura in the Hamada coast during early Meiji period, and this sprit has been continuously creating fast dancing and acting, decorative costume, and new production. In other words, nobility is the ethos of the hatchoshi, which is an interesting case of traditional art form vibrantly containing an iconoclastic aspect.

著者

川中 淳子

出版者

島根県立大学

雑誌

総合政策論叢 (ISSN:13463829)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.6, pp.1-14, 2003-08-22

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The first study on school refusal was reported in the 1940's in America. In Japan, the first study on it was in 1959. Now about 45 years have passed and since then more than 1000 studies have been reported. Some of these refer to self help groups for parents of school refusal children. Now self help groups have been held in all parts of Japan. It is said that these groups have a supportive effect. So this paper reviews these reports and studies, such groups' significance, problems of the preceding studies, and so on. Further, I report the result of my interview with representatives of the self help group. Significance of self help groups for parents is being able to make company, being free from feeling isolation, exchange information and learn school refusal problem. A problem of preceding studies is lack of reference to the danger of the groups.

著者

横田 禎昭

出版者

島根県立大学

雑誌

総合政策論叢 (ISSN:13463829)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.5, pp.71-78, 2003-03-28

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The Shajing (沙井) culture is named for the Shajing site in Minqin (民勤) xian of Kansu (甘粛) province where it was first discovered in 1924, by J.G.Andersson. The Shajing culture graves were discovered in Yulingou (楡樹溝), Yongdeng xian; Sanjiao-cheng (三角城), Hamadun (蛤蟆〓), Yong-chang xian in Kansu province, and Hoxi-Corridor in Qilian (祁連) mountains and Badanjilin (巴丹吉林) Desert. Many bronze and a few iron wares buried with them were also found. Those bronze wares are accessories such as tubular ornaments, belt buckles, buttons, knives, pendants and golden-ear rings. They are animal-styles and common in Northan (Ordos) Bronze Culture. It also shows their kinships and culture fostered by the mounted nomads in North Eurasia, especially in South Siberia. The carbon-dated (estimated age) for Shajing Culture is around B.C.1300-B.C, 789. That is at the late stage of the Yin (殷) Dynasty or at the beginning of Western Zhou (西周) to Spring and Autumn (春秋) period. From the age, the distribution of the area can be inferred that the Shajing culture belongs to the ancient Yuezhi (月氏) nationality.

著者

謝 富勝 張 忠任

出版者

島根県立大学

雑誌

総合政策論叢 (ISSN:13463829)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.7, pp.123-132, 2004-03-16

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Investment in technological innovation (ITI) plays an important role in the process of economic development in China. The paper explores and illustrates mainly ITI's characteristics and tendency as well as questions, such as; (1)ITI had made vital contribution in the process of economic development in China, But that the percentage of ITI to total investment in fixed assets (TIFA) is falling continuously expresses that the policy of science and technology in China should be rectified. (2)The percentage of central ITI is increasing from the perspective of the percentage of central and local ITI, but the percentage of local ITI remains 60 percent, so the local ITI should be emphasized in the future. (3)Enterprise's fund-raising is in the highest flight from the perspective of the percentage of central and local ITI, so it is necessary to adjust the enterprise's policy of science and technology in China. (4)The percentage of privately-owned ITI is increasing constantly, but the percentage of public-owned ITI remains 55 percent, so the future adjustment of the policy of science and technology in China should focus more on privately-owned ITI. (5)During 20 years from the Fourth 5-year Plan to the Seventh 5-year Plan, the East are increasing constantly and the West lowest and the Middle reducing constantly in the percentage of ITI. All regions are falling from the perspective of per capita ITI, but the highest is the West and the lowest the East, for which involved the formation of social capital. To the West, it would be the investment in capital construction that should be emphasized rather than ITI.

著者

野村 泰弘

出版者

島根県立大学

雑誌

総合政策論叢 (ISSN:13463829)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.10, pp.91-107, 2005-12

著者

尹 芝恵

出版者

島根県立大学

雑誌

総合政策論叢 (ISSN:13463829)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.10, pp.73-89, 2005-12

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In the course of the resumption of friendly relations between Japan and Korea after Toyotomi Hideyoshi's invasion of the Korean Peninsula, a delegation was instituted. The Korean delegation consisted of 400 to 500 people including three main ambassadors, official painters, medical doctors, translators and Band musicians, etc. The delegation visited Japan 12 times between 1607 and 1811. This 200-year-long cultural exchange between Korea and the Tokugawa shogunate in Japan produced in both countries many kinds of pictures which related to the delegation. Some of which were pictures produced by the members of the Embassy and others were by Japanese painters. For example, we can classify these pictures according to the following themes: the magnificent parade of Korean members either by ship or on foot, the welcome-parties with Japanese hospitality and the portraits of the representative ambassadors. As time passed during the Tokugawa shogunate, the people in the Edo period grew richer and more refined, and became more interested in the Korean delegation. Ukiyo-e artists designed illustrated narrative books and published them. It is said that, for the Tokugawa shogunate, the Korean delegation was a symbolic medium to show how international the Tokugawa shogunate was. In this respect, very skillful painters in the Edo period were officially employed and maintained by the shogun. But the Ukiyo-e artists were designed and printed based on entertainment for the ordinary people of that time. I will focus on the Band musicians represented in folding screens, roll screens, and Ukiyo-e etc. The reason for this is that the images of the Band musicians were transformed. They were louder than reality. But the deformation shows strong the impression given to the public. And, at the same time, it also shows the image of aliens which the public also expected.

著者

豊田 有恒

出版者

島根県立大学

雑誌

総合政策論叢 (ISSN:13463829)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.7, pp.27-41, 2004-03-16

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The development of nuclear energy was started from military use. The result was tested unfortunately on those cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki. After the world -war II, the U.S. President Eisenhower declared "Atoms for Peace". But the following development was not for peace but for military affairs. In Britain they developed a new-type atomic pile, so-called GCR (Gas Coolant Reactor). That could produce Plutonium for atomic bombs. In America Admiral Recover adopted nuclear energy for submarine. The first nuclear submarine "Nautilus" was launched in early 1950s. The Other three countries France, Soviet Russia and China developed atomic bombs. And thus five big countries which own their atomic weapons, ruled the world for the past century. There were regimes to stop atomic bombs to proliferate to the other countries. I.A.E.A. (International Atomic Energy Agency) was founded on 1956. But I.A.E.A. had not enough power to prohibit nuclear development. So, the next step to restrict nuclear development was decided. It was N.P.T. (Non-Proliferation Treaty) From the end of the last century to the beginning of the new century, a new crisis happened. That is the North-Korean nukes.

著者

光延 忠彦 Tadahiko MITSUNOBU

出版者

島根県立大学総合政策学会

雑誌

総合政策論叢 (ISSN:13463829)

巻号頁・発行日

no.23, pp.87-93, 2012-03

著者

八田 典子

出版者

島根県立大学

雑誌

総合政策論叢 (ISSN:13463829)

巻号頁・発行日

no.7, pp.133-147, 2004-03

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The purpose of this paper is to show the significance of "Art Project" by studying the results of the author's several field investigations. The interesting art movements called "Art Project" have been carried out in several places of Japan in recent years. They have been attracting our attention as an attempt to review the conventional way of art and to try to build some new relations between art and human beings or our society. I paid special attention to the projects: the "Echigo-Tsumari Art Triennial 2000" and the "Naoshima Island Project." The former was held for the purpose of realizing its regional revitalization in the Echigo-Tsumari district of the Niigata prefecture in the summer of 2000. The theme of this project was "Human Beings Are a Part of Nature" and the main site for its exhibition included many hills and fields in this district. The local inhabitants cooperated with a number of artists in creating and then setting the art works which represented the history or environmental problems of the area. The latter, the "Naoshima Island Project" has been developed by an enterprise in the small island of Naoshima in the Inland Sea of Japan since 1992. This project has been developing various interesting activities which esteem the history and the nature of Naoshima so that they may put by art new vitality into the community. I would like to point out the following characteristics of "Art Project," based on the results of these investigations. Firstly, it attaches great importance to a place or a human being, and increases the number of art-friendly people. This trend means that the original energy of art aims to free itself from restraints of the system of an art museum, and requests direct ties with people or community. Secondly, many projects which are held in a small town or country area are more impressive than the activities of the same kind in a big city. This shows that contemporary art has the power to produce an undaily world, and that this power is exercised more strongly in a striking contrast in the former. It suggests that a big city differs considerably from the original environment for human beings' life. In conclusion, the significance of "Art Project" is summarized as follows. "Art Project" is obtaining an result as an attempt to vitalize people and community from inside, and it is the interesting collaboration of various art expressions in the twentieth century. Furthermore, it gives an opportunity for us to watch the present society objectively by exhibiting its strong power of producing an undaily world. On the other hand, for the success of "Art Project," the following tasks are pointed out. First, it is important to consider fully the relationship between the characteristics peculiar to each area and art, not following the cases of other areas in an imprudent manner. Second, it is necessary for us to try to deepen our understanding of art without confining us to contemporary art.

著者

大橋 敏博

出版者

島根県立大学

雑誌

総合政策論叢 (ISSN:13463829)

巻号頁・発行日

no.6, pp.15-29, 2003-08

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Art support by the federal government through NBA has not occupied a big part on the whole as for the art support in the United States. But, NEA has played an important role for the promotion of the U.S. culture, through more than 115,000 NEA grants since its foundation in 1965. The culture war, the confusion of the beliefs and values of the American public in recent years, has exerted a big influence on this NEA as well. Shocking works of Serrano and Mapplethorpe were repulsed from the traditional values of the American public, and the movement to abolish or to restrict NEA support was expanded. Because of this, Congress made some amendments related to the NEA aid in 1989 and 1990. Then NEA became careful for the aid for the controversial arts activities, and didn't recognize the application for Finley. Finley challenged the amendment as violating unconstitutionaly the freedom of the expression of 1st Amendment. This paper tries to analyze the case of NEA v. Finley along with the legislation process of the NEA aid limitation, and also to examine the relation between the direct governmental art support and the congressional control.

著者

鹿 錫俊

出版者

島根県立大学

雑誌

総合政策論叢 (ISSN:13463829)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.3, pp.61-74, 2002-03-25

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Jiang Zerning, as the leader of The Communist Party of China, recently proposed three influential theories of Chinese political reform in the future: l) the development requirements of advanced social productive forces, 2) the progressive courses of Chinese advanced culture, and 3) the fundamental interests of the overwhelming majority people in China. The theories appear to be accepted by China as well as the rest of the world. The paper analyzed how Chinese historical factors affect the three theories as follows: 1) the historical backgrounds of the three major theories, 2) the viewpoints of the three major theories, 3) the meaning of the three theories, 4) the conservative's criticism of the theories and the values of the criticism, 5) the limitation and the radical dissatisfaction of the theories, 6) the four main issues on Chinese political reform.