著者

岡本 晴道 緒方 俊 川澄 良雄 山本 則雄 大田 一義 寺崎 秀敏

出版者

一般社団法人 資源・素材学会

雑誌

資源と素材 (ISSN:09161740)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.105, no.2, pp.150-153, 1989-02-25 (Released:2011-01-27)

参考文献数

6

著者

鈴木 忠 井清 武弘

出版者

一般社団法人 資源・素材学会

雑誌

資源と素材 (ISSN:09161740)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.106, no.3, pp.139-143, 1990-03-25 (Released:2011-01-27)

参考文献数

5

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For the purpose of more effective underground communication, UHF radio wave propagation along underground gallery was discussed both experimentally and theoretically. From the experimental results, it became clear that the higher frequency bands, i. e. more than 500 MHz, were favorable for underground use by the reason of the lower propagation loss. To establish the propagation model of UHF radio wave theoretically, both the simple geometrical image source method and the characteristic equation method were discussed to allow for gallery conditions such as timbering methods, cross sectional area and others. Reasonably good agreements were observed between experimental results and theoretical calculation which is based on the simple geometrical image source method.

著者

七沢 淳 武田 邦彦

出版者

一般社団法人 資源・素材学会

雑誌

資源と素材 (ISSN:09161740)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.113, no.12, pp.1049-1054, 1997-12-25 (Released:2011-01-27)

参考文献数

15

被引用文献数

1 1

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The separation unit, separation factor, total flow in separation system, energy requirement, and second wastes by separation for recycling system have been studied theoretically. Theoretical equationsof separation unit, and height of separation unit were introduced and it was pointed that the total flow in the separation unit was proportional inversely to the separation factor by two powers and the amount of the second waste materials is proportional to the factor. The second waste materials and the energy consumption should be considered in the aspect of the environmental assessment. The physical term and the social term have to be divided for the recycling separation more definitely than for the ordinal separation process.

著者

安井 至

出版者

一般社団法人 資源・素材学会

雑誌

資源と素材 (ISSN:09161740)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.113, no.2, pp.83-87, 1997-02-25 (Released:2011-01-27)

参考文献数

13

被引用文献数

1

著者

白鳥 寿一 中村 崇

出版者

一般社団法人 資源・素材学会

雑誌

資源と素材 (ISSN:09161740)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.122, no.6,7, pp.325-329, 2006 (Released:2007-07-25)

参考文献数

6

被引用文献数

20

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The condition for material recycling in our country is gradually improving. However, even the current recycling rate of base metals easier to process than rare metals, is not enough. Though several suggestions have been made to improve this situation, they could not be implemented due to restrictions caused by the legal context such as the Waste Disposal Law. Also, in many cases, recycling of materials was limited due to its high treatment costs. If this situation continues to prevail, valuable metal resources indispensable for advanced technology will be lost permanently. And the toxic metals associated with valuable metals will pollute our country gradually. In order to improve the recycling rate and to prevent the diffusion of contaminants, we propose a new system taking various aspects of metal recycling into consideration. This system is based on the concept of "artificial mineral deposit". This system is a paradigm change on the way we look at waste products, as the stockpiled recycling metal is treated as ore deposit. The new system will allow various possibilities of further metal recycling and reduce environmental impact tremendously.

著者

宮野 久 佐藤 幸次

出版者

一般社団法人 資源・素材学会

雑誌

資源と素材 (ISSN:09161740)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.109, no.9, pp.663-666, 1993-09-25 (Released:2011-01-27)

著者

西山 孝 安達 毅

出版者

一般社団法人 資源・素材学会

雑誌

資源と素材 (ISSN:09161740)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.109, no.6, pp.473-477, 1993-06-25 (Released:2011-01-27)

参考文献数

7

被引用文献数

2

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World production of widely used metals grew rapidly until the early 1970's, as expressed in The Limits to Growth (Meadows et al., 1972), but then metal demand dropped sharply after 1973. Growth rates in production of each metal varied year by year or among metals.The difference between supply-demand forecast and actual production during last 20 years was examined. Different patterns between the two for 16 metals were classified into four groups.(1) The actual production of Co, Cr and Pt exceeded the projected trend that had been predicted in 1970.(2) Iron accounts for more than 95% of all metals consumed. A significant proportion of Mn, Ni, W, Mo, Cr and Co produced is used in the steel industry. This group, composed of iron and related metals other than Co and Cr, shows a similar pattern.(3) Growth rates of production of Cu, Zn, Ag, and Al continued to be low during the last 20 years, but the rates are not negative.(4) Growth rates of production of Pb, Au, Sn and Hg are negative or zero. Large differences between actual production and predicted consumption prevailed during the 1970-1990 period.When the lifetime of these metals calculated in 1970 are compared with those in 1990, static indices of Au, Hg, Ag, Sn, Zn and Pb which fall in the range of 10-30 year, have not changed very much. No tendency toward depletion of the resources has been found under the present condition. New reserves have been discovered in the last 20 years. A basic question in the long-term supply is how long the present situation continue.

著者

臼井 進之助 佐々木 弘

出版者

一般社団法人 資源・素材学会

雑誌

資源と素材 (ISSN:09161740)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.107, no.9, pp.585-591, 1991-08-25 (Released:2011-01-27)

参考文献数

71

被引用文献数

2 4

著者

福井 勝則 大久保 誠介 寺嶋 卓文

出版者

一般社団法人 資源・素材学会

雑誌

資源と素材 (ISSN:09161740)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.117, no.9, pp.703-710, 2001 (Released:2006-01-08)

参考文献数

21

被引用文献数

1 2

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A number of studies on electromagnetic wave emission from fractured rocks have been heretofore carried out. By many authors it was pointed out that rock fracturing or acoustic emission could be concerned with electromagnetic wave emission. However, the origin of electromagnetic wave emission is still not well understood.In this study electromagnetic wave from rocks was measured with a radio interference measuring apparatus during uniaxial compression testing under several kinds of loading conditions.Firstly, the uniaxial compression testing under constant strain rate of 10-4 s-1 was conducted for seven rocks. It was found that Inada granite, Honkomatsu andesite and Kuzuu dolomite emit electromagnetic wave. However electromagnetic wave cannot be detected for Sanjome andesite, Akiyoshi marble, Kimachi sandstone and mortar.Secondly, electromagnetic wave emission was investigated under several experimental conditions. It was found that Inada granite emits electromagnetic wave during uniaxial compression testing under a constant strain rate of 10-5 s-1 and under a constant rate of (stress-strain / Young's modulus).In most cases, electromagnetic wave emission was accompanied with sudden decrease of stress. By analysis on results of the uniaxial compression testing under constant strain rate, it was found that electromagnetic wave emission is closely related to cracking or crack extension.The main results in this study can be summarized as follows;1) Amplitude of electromagnetic wave is relatively large for strong rock.2) For Inada granite, the larger the stress drop occurred in uniaxial compression test is, the larger the amplitude of electromagnetic wave.

著者

李 孝淑 康 南基 呉 在賢

出版者

一般社団法人 資源・素材学会

雑誌

資源と素材 (ISSN:09161740)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.110, no.4, pp.297-302, 1994-04-25 (Released:2011-08-04)

参考文献数

9

被引用文献数

2 2

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水溶液中における磁鉄鉱生成の機構を明らかにするために, 本報では先ずFe (OH) 2懸濁液の酸化条件による磁鉄鉱生成の速度ならびに生成粒子に関して調べた。それからFe (OH) 2懸濁液に三価鉄を理論量だけ加えると粒径100Å前後の磁鉄鉱が瞬間的に生成されることがわかった。Fe (OH)2とFe(OH)3の適定試験における溶液の色の変化ならびに適定曲線と三価鉄の影響をあわせ考え次のような固体-固体反応による磁鉄鉱の生成機構を導出した。Fe (OH)2(s)+2Fe(OH)3(s)→Fe3O4 (s)+4H2O

著者

三上 博史 周 伝久 高橋 千一郎 佐藤 忠夫 嶋影 和宜

出版者

一般社団法人 資源・素材学会

雑誌

資源と素材 (ISSN:09161740)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.110, no.4, pp.313-318, 1994

被引用文献数

2

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Vanadium diboride (VB<SUB>2</SUB>) film has been synthesized on mild steel and transparent quartz substrates by CVD method, which was carried out at the temperature range of 1073 to 1223K with the hydrogen reduction of VOCl<SUB>3</SUB>-BCl<SUB>3</SUB> mixture under the chemical erquivalent ratio regions of 10 to 40 for H<SUB>2</SUB>-VOCl<SUB>3</SUB> gases and of 40 to 120 for H<SUB>2</SUB>-BCl<SUB>3</SUB> gases. VB<SUB>2</SUB> film involving both Fe<SUB>2</SUB>B and FeB was synthesized on a mild steel substrate because a mild steel plate was borided with BCl<SUB>3</SUB> gas. On the other hand, pure VB<SUB>2</SUB> layer film was prepared on a transparent quartz substrate atthe temperature above 1173K. Futhermore, VB<SUB>2</SUB> film having high orientation and crystallization could not be prepared on a mild steel substrate. However, smooth surface VB<SUB>2</SUB> film having high crystallization and micro-vickers hardness of about 2800Hmv could be synthesized on a transparent quartz substrate at the temperature of 1173K under the conditions of chemical equivalent ratio of 40 for H<SUB>2</SUB>-VOCl<SUB>3</SUB> gases and of 80 for H<SUB>2</SUB>-BCl<SUB>3</SUB> gases.

著者

山口 勉功 棚橋 満 月橋 文孝 長崎 英範 服部 靖匡 大石 敏雄

出版者

一般社団法人 資源・素材学会

雑誌

資源と素材 (ISSN:09161740)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.119, no.10,11, pp.683-686, 2003 (Released:2006-04-05)

参考文献数

63

被引用文献数

2

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Recently, several removal technologies of minor elements in copper smelting have been developed along with the degradation and the diversification of copper concentrates and also for assuring the quality of cathode. This article reviews the current and new elimination technologies of minor elements for copper smelting based on the recently published papers focusing specifically on arsenic, antimony, bismuth, lead and nickel among various impurities. In this article, the removal technologies in copper smelting are classified into five categories; (1) pre-treatment, (2) extraction from matte or copper, (3) dust treatment, (4) anode doping and (5) purification of electrolyte. Vacuum refining which is not established as a current industrial process is also described in this article.

著者

小林 哲 隅田 洋

出版者

一般社団法人 資源・素材学会

雑誌

資源と素材 (ISSN:09161740)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.109, no.12, pp.1087-1090, 1993-12-25 (Released:2011-01-27)

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Takehara Plant of MMS is located in the city center of Takehara, near the National Park of Seto Inland Sea. At present, 40 different products are manufactured at our plant, including non-ferrous metals, various battery materials and chemical products.Commercial production of Electrolysis Manganese Dioxide (EMD), begun in 1949, was small about 5 ton/month, and the plant was gradually expanded so that it had a monthly capacity of 2, 100 tons in 1982.Our EMD is specifically used for ZnC12, Alkaline and Lithium batteries, therefore EMD's high quality is very important. In this paper, the outline of our process and improvement in our plants and quality are described.

著者

島田 昌彦

出版者

一般社団法人 資源・素材学会

雑誌

資源と素材 (ISSN:09161740)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.111, no.2, pp.67-69, 1995-02-25 (Released:2011-01-27)

参考文献数

6

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Characteristics of high fracture strength and high fracture toughness of zirconia in yttria doped tetragonal zirconia polycrystal (Y-TZP), Y-TZP/Al2O3 composites and ceria doped tetragonal zirconia polycrystal (Ce-TZP) are described in this paper. The maximum fracture strength of Y-TZP/Al2O3 composites is 2, 400MPa at 30°C The maximum fracture toughness of Ce-TZP is 20 MPam1/2It is found that hot isostatic pressing is effective to eliminate fracture origins such as pore. From the results of thermal shock behavior of Y-TZP with various grain sizes by the water quenching method and the tetragonal to monoclinic phase transformation by using Raman microprobe spectroscopy, it is found that the critical quenching temperature different of Y-TZP increases from 250°C to 425°C with increasing grain size from 0.4 to 3.0μm.

著者

川上 武文

出版者

一般社団法人 資源・素材学会

雑誌

資源と素材 (ISSN:09161740)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.105, no.11, pp.801-803, 1989-10-25 (Released:2011-01-27)

著者

古川 博文 松井 紀久男 島田 英樹

出版者

一般社団法人 資源・素材学会

雑誌

資源と素材 (ISSN:09161740)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.121, no.9, pp.446-455, 2005 (Released:2007-02-24)

参考文献数

6

被引用文献数

1 3

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India is the third largest coal producer in the world and has substantial coal reserves. It produced about 340 million tons of coal in 2002-2003. Open cast production accounts for 80% of the total output and the remaining 20% is from underground. The share of the underground output in the total production is expected to remain at the current level through 2010 even as the coal production increases. Despite its huge resource of coal, the quality of Indian coal is not so good. A considerable amount of good quality coal deposits in India lies in the thickness range of 5-12 m. However, an appropriate mining method for such thick seams could not be developed so far.The coal's share of total electric power generation in India is 75.5% in 2001. Because it is a reliable, domestic, and low-cost source of fuel, coal has played and will continue to play a significant role in the development of the Indian economy. Production, processing, and consumption of coal, however, can have significant environmental impacts, if not properly managed.The paper describes the present situation of the Indian coal mining industry, discusses problems in thick seam mining methods, and proposes a new mining method for thick seams considering today's environmental issues in Indian coal mining.

著者

水落 洋一

出版者

一般社団法人 資源・素材学会

雑誌

資源と素材 (ISSN:09161740)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.122, no.12, pp.601-605, 2006-12-25 (Released:2009-10-02)

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To maintain the big mining operation rates for 700kt/day material movement at Batu Hijau Mine in Indonesia, many modern technologies have been employed. Some of them are introduced in this report. They seem to be traditional in one glance but you may find that they are the state of art technology of modern mining applying in the unique style.

著者

堀井 善司

出版者

一般社団法人 資源・素材学会

雑誌

資源と素材 (ISSN:09161740)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.108, no.8, pp.575-578, 1992-08-25 (Released:2011-01-27)

被引用文献数

1

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This is to describe a Large Offroad Dump Truck Unmanned Navigation System used in Torigatayama Limestone Quarry.The system has been developed with cooperation of Nittetsu Mining Co., Ltd. and Shin Caterpillar Mitsubishi Ltd. and equipped on CAT 777B (85 tons payload). The system has been in production use.The Unmanned Truck enables high speed travelling under severe climatic conditions.The Unmanned Dump Truck Navigation System has following features.1) The system is an Autonomous Guidance System and does not need large ground facilities such as guiding lines.2) The system is of all weather type and can be used day and night under severe climatic conditions in quarries.3) The system is composed of multiple fail-safe constructions.4) The system is fleet system that controls a set of trucks as a fleet.5) The system has a learning function of a loading position.6) The system has maximum ground speed of 30 km/hr in forward and 10km/hr in reverse, which enables high speed travelling.

著者

伊藤 聰 阿座上 竹四

出版者

一般社団法人 資源・素材学会

雑誌

資源と素材 (ISSN:09161740)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.109, no.3, pp.185-190, 1993-03-25 (Released:2011-01-27)

参考文献数

12

被引用文献数

2 1

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Phase relations in the Fe3O4-ZnFe2O4-Fe2O3 system at 1, 100 K have been determined by the X-ray microanalysis and X-ray diffraction studies of the quenched samples. The results show that in the Fe304-ZnFe2O4 system magnetite (Fe304) and zinc ferrite (ZnFe2O4) form a complete series of solid solutions which is in equilibrium with the Fe2O3 that is practically pure.The activities were measured by an e. m. f. method using the stabilized zirconia solid electrolytes. Both the activities of magnetite and zinc ferrite in the Fe3O4-ZnFe2O4 solid solutions coexisting with the Fe2O3 exhibit slightly positive deviations from Raoult's law at 1, 100 K. The activity coefficient at infinite dilution, γ0ZnFe2O4 at 1, 100 K was estimated at 2.2.Lattice constants for the Fe3O4-ZnFe2O4 spinel solid solutions in equilibrium with the Fe2O3 obey Vegard's law. It was also found that the excess Gibbs energy of mixing in the Fe3O4-ZnFe2O4 solid solutions coexisting with the Fe203 at 1, 100 K showed small values. These two results are interrelated in the similar behavior, which suggest that activities are closely connected with crystal structures.

著者

原田 道昭

出版者

一般社団法人 資源・素材学会

雑誌

資源と素材 (ISSN:09161740)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.107, no.2, pp.147-153, 1991-02-25 (Released:2011-01-27)

参考文献数

13

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Coal ash produced in Japan has been annually increased because of the energy conversion from oil to coal in electric utilities and industries. Coal ash was produced about 7 million tons in 1989 and estimated as much as 14 million tons in 2, 000. It is necessary to decrease a disposal of coal ash and to promote a effective utilization of it.This paper shows an overview of the productions, origins and natures of coal ash, and some technological developments for effective utilization of coal ash, such as the manufacturing of artificial lightweight aggregates, artificial potash manure and SO2 absorbent made from coal ash and lime, and the recovery of metals from coalash.