著者

福井 勝則 大久保 誠介 本間 直樹

出版者

一般社団法人 資源・素材学会

雑誌

資源と素材

巻号頁・発行日

vol.112, no.5, pp.303-308, 1996

被引用文献数

7

---

A method to estimate rock strength with TBM cutting force is proposed. It is assumed that thrust force for a disc cutter increases linearly with product of rock strength and cutting depth. This assumption leads to the following equations:<BR>(Rock strength)&prop;(Resultant thrust force)/(Penetration rate)<BR>(Rock strength)&prop;(Resultant torque)/(Penetration rate) <SUP>1.5</SUP><BR>By the method, rock strength along Niken-goya tunnel was estimated. The tunnel mainly consists of sandstone and slate. Estimated rock strength well agreed with the results of geological investigation; extremely small strength in fragmented slate, on the other hand, very large while boring through massive sandstone. The estimated rock strength was compared with the results of Schmidt hammer test, and it was found that the correlation between the two was excellent. Correlation between estimated rock strength and rock classification was also examined. It was found that the correlation existed, however, the classification used was too rough to evaluate the proposed method precisely.<BR>The proposed method is relatively simple and requires only three values: thrust force, torque and penetration rate. It can be said that the proposed method is promising for real-time estimation of rock strength on the face.

著者

鶴見 憲二 藤井 伸一郎 中川 哲夫

出版者

一般社団法人 資源・素材学会

雑誌

資源と素材 (ISSN:09161740)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.111, no.6, pp.381-386, 1995-06-15 (Released:2011-01-27)

参考文献数

1

被引用文献数

1 4

著者

出口 衛 幾世橋 広 榎本 兵治

出版者

一般社団法人 資源・素材学会

雑誌

資源と素材 (ISSN:09161740)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.111, no.8, pp.537-542, 1995-07-25 (Released:2011-01-27)

参考文献数

20

---

In order to investigate the effect of moisture on the effective thermal conductivity of porous rocks, eighteen rocks conditioned at dried, moist and water-saturated conditions were used for measuring the thermal conductivity by a transient hot wire comparison method developed by Deguchi, et.The moist rocks were conditioned in the atmosphere of 20°C and 60% relative humidity. This condition was adopted on the base of X-ray analysis of montmorillonite to simulate the natural dry condition, at which montmorillonite contained two layers of water in its interlayers.The results showed that the effective thermal conductivities of all rocks increased with increase of water in the pore. The conductivity of zeolite rocks is most affected by the degree of saturation of water. The thermal conductivity of water-saturated rocks is 1.2 to 2.5 times higher than that of the dry rocks.

著者

海見 悦子 高橋 栄二 橋口 大介 藤原 和弘

出版者

一般社団法人 資源・素材学会

雑誌

資源と素材 (ISSN:09161740)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.122, no.1, pp.1-11, 2006 (Released:2007-02-24)

参考文献数

41

---

Recently, many and various microbial products appear on the market. However, almost all of them could not have sufficient effects. The expectation of users to microbial products is rising up. It is because of the directions for the environmental friendly and sustainable industrial activity. In addition, it is expected that the development of genetic engineering can make the possibility for the practical use of potential ability of microbes which is still not known.There are two major problems in practical use of microbial products. First, the transplanting of microbes into the target environment is not easy. Because, many indigenous microbes are inhabit in the industrial field and they doesn't allow introduced microbe(s) to be dominant in the field. Moreover, the environment of target fields is very fickle for introduced microbes. Second, the insufficient information of products promotes the misunderstanding to the users for the effect of the products.To the practical use of microbial products in the industrial fields, the researches and developments of reliable and effective products are required. Thereby, the preparations of special feeding and habitat are important for introduced microbes. Moreover, the analyses of microbes transplanted in the industrial fields are important to guarantee both the quality of the products and the correct information to users.The purpose of this communication is the clarification of present challenge for the practical use of microbial products in the industrial fields. Then, this communication suggests the several ways for the research and development of reliable microbial products and useful analytical methods for microbial community by genetic engineering.

著者

松本 良

出版者

The Mining and Materials Processing Institute of Japan

雑誌

資源と素材 (ISSN:09161740)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.108, no.7, pp.511-520, 1992

被引用文献数

2

著者

馬越 佑吉

出版者

一般社団法人 資源・素材学会

雑誌

資源と素材 (ISSN:09161740)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.110, no.9, pp.689-694, 1994-08-25 (Released:2011-01-27)

参考文献数

17

被引用文献数

1

著者

木原 英昭

出版者

一般社団法人 資源・素材学会

雑誌

資源と素材 (ISSN:09161740)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.106, no.5, pp.233-236, 1990-05-25 (Released:2011-01-27)

著者

柳瀬 正明

出版者

一般社団法人 資源・素材学会

雑誌

資源と素材 (ISSN:09161740)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.108, no.9, pp.644-646, 1992-09-25 (Released:2011-01-27)

著者

西岡 紘一 境 収 合沢 勝悦

出版者

一般社団法人 資源・素材学会

雑誌

資源と素材 (ISSN:09161740)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.106, no.5, pp.241-246, 1990-05-25 (Released:2011-01-27)

著者

牧 孝司

出版者

一般社団法人 資源・素材学会

雑誌

資源と素材 (ISSN:09161740)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.108, no.9, pp.638-640, 1992-09-25 (Released:2011-01-27)

著者

五十嵐 信

出版者

一般社団法人 資源・素材学会

雑誌

資源と素材 (ISSN:09161740)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.110, no.9, pp.679-688, 1994-08-25 (Released:2011-01-27)

参考文献数

5

---

Akabira Colliery has been opend since 1938. The mine has many minable coal seams and is recentry extracting six seams, of them. The seams incline steeply toward syncline axis which runs across the central part of the mine from south to north. The mine has continued to product annualy washing coal from 1Mt to 2Mt since 1960's on a condition that there were mining trouble and safty caused by many faults and a lot of methane gas flow.In 1986, a change of coal situation that a demand of domestic coal took a sudden turn for the decrease because on an amendment of coal policy in Japan made Akabira Colliery determine to improve the basic structure of mining and safty. As the result, the structure of ventilation and transportation was simplified and made more efficient. And mining inside the shaft saftypillar has become a necessity. Heavy mechanised mining system replaced manual one. Akabira Colliery has become a new mine and come to be able to continue production in spite of severe situiation of domestic coal. Since the shaft is apt to be influenced or possibly damaged by ground movements, the prediction of shaft behavior due to mining, the monitoring of shaft deformations, and the repair of shaft damage should be executed as precisely as possible.This report shows experience of a drastic remodeling of mining structure and safty one which was carried out at Akabira Colliery from 1986 to 1994.

著者

吉田 哲也 五十嵐 敏文 朝倉 國臣 宮前 博子 彌富 信義 橋本 晃一

出版者

一般社団法人 資源・素材学会

雑誌

資源と素材 (ISSN:09161740)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.120, no.10,11, pp.577-583, 2004 (Released:2006-05-09)

参考文献数

22

被引用文献数

1 3

---

To reduce the volume of precipitates generated by the neutralization of acid mine drainage (AMD) containing high concentrations of Fe and As, ferritization of the precipitates was attempted by a two-step neutralization process in which magnesium oxide (MgO) was used as the first neutralizer and sodium hydroxide (NaOH) as the second. Batch neutralization experiments with MgO and continuous flow experiments by the two-step neutralization were conducted in laboratories and an AMD treatment plant. The results showed that the precipitates by the neutralization were magnetized in the continuous flow experiments, although there was Al and Si that prevented the generation of ferrite in the AMD. This indicates that ferrite was formed from the precipitates after removing most of the soluble Al and Si by the first neutralization. In addition, aging of the precipitates under reducing conditions and returning the aged precipitates to a ferrite tank were required to form ferrite. The molar ratio of As to Fe in the precipitates reached a constant value at pH>3.5. This suggests the coprecipitation of As and Fe.

著者

大塚 尚寛 関本 善則

出版者

一般社団法人 資源・素材学会

雑誌

資源と素材 (ISSN:09161740)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.109, no.11, pp.897-902, 1993-11-25 (Released:2011-01-27)

参考文献数

8

---

It is considered that land deformation caused by open-cut mining influences on wind system around the quarry. Two case studies were conducted to investigate the change of wind system around the quarry.The results are summarized as follows:(1) Land deformations caused by open-cut mining were simulated with three dimensional computer graphics, and it became possible to forecast the changes of wind direction visually.(2) By use of quantitative formula that showed the relationship between lay of land and wind direction frequency, it became possible to forecast the changes of prevailing wind direction and wind direction frequency quantitatively.(3) It became clear that deforestation according to open-cut mining influenced on increase of wind speed around the quarry.(4) In case A, the ridge of the quarry will be mined, it was forecasted that change of wind system affected on living environment a little.(5) In case B, all over the mountain will be mined-out, it was forecasted that wind system around the quarry was changed widely.

著者

武田 邦彦 橋本 淳 棚橋 満

出版者

一般社団法人 資源・素材学会

雑誌

資源と素材 (ISSN:09161740)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.120, no.3, pp.139-145, 2004 (Released:2006-04-15)

参考文献数

52

---

Resource saving is thought to be one of the concepts and the acts necessary for environmental preservation. However, resource saving and its effect were examined and discussed from historical, regional, value and ethical viewpoints. From a historical viewpoint, the conversion from a society that used mainly sustainable resources to a society that uses non-sustainable resources was considered. From a regional viewpoint, Japan as a special region where there are little non-sustainable resources and a lot of consumption was taken up, and the influence of monopoly of worldwide resources by Europe and the United States was considered. In addition, in terms of value, the size of the overall gain of the acquisition of resources between generations was considered, and from an ethical viewpoint, the North-South problem was mainly analyzed. Also, regarding the conversion between resources, as the first approximation, the possibility of converting a general material into energy such as oil was shown, and the examination was advanced based on this. And then, it was pointed out that resource had not been saved in terms of the construction of a sustainable society even in the Edo period when resource had generally been maintained.

著者

菅井 裕一 佐々木 久郎 松葉谷 治 中 秀男 田中 富士夫

出版者

一般社団法人 資源・素材学会

雑誌

資源と素材 (ISSN:09161740)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.121, no.10,11, pp.513-520, 2005 (Released:2007-02-24)

参考文献数

13

被引用文献数

4 6

---

The green tuff from Hinai town, Akita is popular for architectural materials because of its beautiful pale green color and thermal and moisture retaining properties. When this stone is quarried and grinded for making products, approximately 60% of all quarried stone becomes the waste stone and it is required to be utilized effectively. Hinai-Green tuff is a porous media and it has abilities to neutralize acids and elute some minerals. These abilities may be effective for growth of microbes and our research group carries out the development of effective utilizations of Hinai-Green tuff as microbial activator. In this paper, the effects of Hinai-Green tuff on pH adjustment and microbial activities are described.Hinai-Green tuff had an ability to neutralize both acid and alkaline water and especially neutralized acids effectivelly. For example, acid water of initial pH3 was neutralized to pH7 by adding 10(w/v)% Hinai-Green tuff into the acid water. Therefore, Hinai-Green tuff can neutralize acid soil and water and adjust acid environments to adaptable environments for microbes. Moreover, Hinai-Green tuff could buffer decrease in pH. The pH of water containing Hinai-Green tuff did not decrease rapidly with adding drops of 0.1M HCl, and especially the buffer action was strongly observed at pH 7 to 8. Hinai-Green tuff is very helpful to maintain pH appropriate for microbes for long time against decrease in pH caused by acid rain and/or acid metabolites of microbes. And pH adjustment effects of Hinai-Green tuff were caused by the ion exchange between Ca2+ leached from the stone and H+.Consequently, microbes grew actively in a medium containing Hinai-Green tuff because of its pH adjustment effects. However, microbes did not grow in a medium containing natural zeolite from Futatsui town, Akita. The effects of Futatsui-Zeolite on pH adjustment for acid were low compared with Hinai-Green tuff.

著者

三輪 加寿則

出版者

一般社団法人 資源・素材学会

雑誌

資源と素材 (ISSN:09161740)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.117, no.6, pp.527-532, 2001 (Released:2006-01-08)

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Taiheiyo Cement's Garo Quarry, located in Kamiiso Town just west of Hakodate City in Hakkaido, is a historic quarry opened in 1892 to supply limestone for cement. There are no houses in the surrounding area. The closest residence is more than four kilometers away, and quarrying is carried out on a comparatively large scale under these blessed conditions. Within this enviironment, quarrying operations, carried out using the world's largest-class wheel loader and other large-scale heavy equipment, rank domestically among the top class in production efficiency. Further, careful consideration is given to protecting the surrounding environment and measures are taken to preserve the scenic view from Hakodate, a sightseeing area, and to prevent the generation of pollution from quarrying operations.As the magnesium oxide (MgO) content varies widely in the limestone deposits distributed throughout the quarry and there are frequent intrusions of clay, quality control is extremely difficult. Given these conditions, a quality control system has been introduced and operations are carried our under very strict quality control.In this paper, we will introduce the situation of open-pit quarrying operations at Garo Quarry.

著者

作田 庸一 嶋影 和宜

出版者

一般社団法人 資源・素材学会

雑誌

資源と素材 (ISSN:09161740)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.120, no.2, pp.71-77, 2004 (Released:2006-04-13)

参考文献数

32

被引用文献数

2

---

A large amount of marine organic residue is generated and wasted from scallop shell processing manufacture. Because the waste product of scallop, especially the mid-gut gland contains a large quantity of heavy metals such as cadmium and copper, it cannot be effectively used. Now, a large part of these wastes are treated in landfills. However, in recent, the landfill treatment runs into trouble because of an environmental pollution and a decrease in proposed landfill ground. Consequently, the development of a new treatment method of the scallop waste is really required. In order to recycle the organic residue of scallop mid-gut gland, a new technology has been developed for removing the harmful cadmium and using as fish meal and fertilizer.This treatment consists of a cadmium leaching process from the mid-gut gland in a sulfuric acid solution and a cadmium electro-deposition process. This new treatment technology corresponding to hydrometallurgical process can remove more than 95% of cadmium from the mid-gut gland. At first, influences of various factors on cadmium removal efficiency such as acid concentration, electrolytic voltage, anode materials and so on, were examined to decide the most suitable conditions of an electrochemical treatment method by using a small scale plant test.And secondarily, a demonstration plant to enable one batch treatment of about 100kg/day was designed on the basis of the results of a fundamental experiment, and a prototype plant was built. Finally, a demonstration test was conducted.The dried and crushed wastes products of scallop after the removal of cadmium were reused as a feed and fertilizer materials, and in the year 2000, two recycle plants of the scallop waste on the basis of this development research were constructed at Oshamanbe-cho and Sawara-cho in Hokkaido, and now under operating.

著者

笹木 圭子 本郷 大 恒川 昌美

出版者

一般社団法人 資源・素材学会

雑誌

資源と素材 (ISSN:09161740)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.114, no.10, pp.709-713, 1998-08-25 (Released:1999-10-01)

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Aragonite-type calcium carbonate was synthesized from calcined scallop shell using carbonates of orthorohombic structure (such as SrCO3) as seeds, by bubbling CO2 at ambient temperature. The products were examined by FTIR, SEM, EPMA, and XRD. The addition of SrCO3 increased aragonite content in the products, but BaCO3 and PbCO3 did not play the role of seed crystals due to the difference of their lattice parameters to those of aragonite, whereas lattice parameters of SrCO3 are the most similar to them. With increasing SrCO3 -addition, formation of aragonite was accelerated to a limit in the amount. Light calcium carbonate rich in aragonite was formed in agglegates consisting of needle-like crystals with large specific surface areas.

著者

眞保 良吉 渡辺 薫生 鈴木 眞夫 星野 重夫

出版者

一般社団法人 資源・素材学会

雑誌

資源と素材 (ISSN:09161740)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.121, no.10,11, pp.538-543, 2005 (Released:2007-02-24)

参考文献数

5

---

As a certain method for decomposing harmful asbestos, it is proposed to dissolve the asbestos in molten slag of the pyrometallurgical smelting furnaces. Several dissolution tests have been achieved so far, and it has been suggested that the crystalline structures of the asbestos were decomposed before dissolving into slag. In this study, asbestos samples composed of chrysotile or crocidolite were heated in temperature range 800-1000°C, and the times required to decompose the crystalline structures of the asbestos were examined using X-ray diffraction analysis. Temperature higher than 900°C was required to wipe off the peaks of crocidolite, though chrysotile could be decomposed at 700°C. For both samples containing chrysotile and crocidolite, the peaks of asbestos in the X-ray diffraction patterns disappeared almost within 90 seconds when heated at 1000°C. However, the needle shapes were still maintained in both samples when they were simply heated at 1000°C.

著者

吉田 哲也 五十嵐 敏文 朝倉 國臣 宮前 博子 彌富 信義 橋本 晃一

出版者

一般社団法人 資源・素材学会

雑誌

資源と素材 (ISSN:09161740)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.120, no.10,11, pp.577-583, 2004 (Released:2006-05-09)

参考文献数

22

被引用文献数

1 3

---

To reduce the volume of precipitates generated by the neutralization of acid mine drainage (AMD) containing high concentrations of Fe and As, ferritization of the precipitates was attempted by a two-step neutralization process in which magnesium oxide (MgO) was used as the first neutralizer and sodium hydroxide (NaOH) as the second. Batch neutralization experiments with MgO and continuous flow experiments by the two-step neutralization were conducted in laboratories and an AMD treatment plant. The results showed that the precipitates by the neutralization were magnetized in the continuous flow experiments, although there was Al and Si that prevented the generation of ferrite in the AMD. This indicates that ferrite was formed from the precipitates after removing most of the soluble Al and Si by the first neutralization. In addition, aging of the precipitates under reducing conditions and returning the aged precipitates to a ferrite tank were required to form ferrite. The molar ratio of As to Fe in the precipitates reached a constant value at pH>3.5. This suggests the coprecipitation of As and Fe.