著者

Suguru SAITO Duo-Yao CAO Alato OKUNO Xiaomo LI Zhenzi PENG Musin KELEL Noriko M TSUJI

出版者

BMFH Press

雑誌

Bioscience of Microbiota, Food and Health (ISSN:21863342)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.41, no.4, pp.185-194, 2022 (Released:2022-10-05)

参考文献数

53

被引用文献数

3

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Creatine is an organic compound which is utilized in biological activities, especially for adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production in the phosphocreatine system. This is a well-known biochemical reaction that is generally recognized as being mainly driven in specific parts of the body, such as the skeletal muscle and brain. However, our report shows a novel aspect of creatine utilization and ATP synthesis in innate immune cells. Creatine supplementation enhanced immune responses in neutrophils, such as cytokine production, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, phagocytosis, and NETosis, which were characterized as antibacterial activities. This creatine-induced functional upregulation of neutrophils provided a protective effect in a murine bacterial sepsis model. The mortality rate in mice challenged with Escherichia coli K-12 was decreased by creatine supplementation compared with the control treatment. Corresponding to this decrease in mortality, we found that creatine supplementation decreased blood pro-inflammatory cytokine levels and bacterial colonization in organs. Creatine supplementation significantly increased the cellular ATP level in neutrophils compared with the control treatment. This ATP increase was due to the phosphocreatine system in the creatine-treated neutrophils. In addition, extracellular creatine was used in this ATP synthesis, as inhibition of creatine uptake abolished the increase in ATP in the creatine-treated neutrophils. Thus, creatine is an effective nutrient for modifying the immunological function of neutrophils, which contributes to enhancement of antibacterial immunity.

著者

Shohei AKAGAWA Yuko AKAGAWA Sohsaku YAMANOUCHI Takahisa KIMATA Shoji TSUJI Kazunari KANEKO

出版者

BMFH Press

雑誌

Bioscience of Microbiota, Food and Health (ISSN:21863342)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.40, no.1, pp.12-18, 2021 (Released:2021-01-08)

参考文献数

65

被引用文献数

10

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The gut microbiota resides in the human gastrointestinal tract, where it plays an important role in maintaining host health. Recent advancements in next-generation sequencing methods have revealed the link between dysbiosis (imbalance of the normal gut microbiota) and several diseases, as this imbalance can disrupt the symbiotic relationship between the host and associated microbes. Establishment of the gut microbiota starts in utero or just after birth, and its composition dramatically changes to an adult-like composition by 3 years of age. Because dysbiosis during childhood may persist through adulthood, it is crucial to acquire a balanced gut microbiota in childhood. Therefore, current studies have focused on the factors affecting the infant gut microbiota. This review discusses recent findings, including those from our studies, on how various factors, including the delivery mode, feeding type, and administration of drugs, including antibiotics, can influence the infant gut microbiota. Here, we also address future approaches for the prevention and restoration of dysbiosis in children.

著者

Ying-Chieh TSAI Li-Hao CHENG Yen-Wenn LIU One-Jang JENG Yuan-Kun LEE

出版者

BMFH Press

雑誌

Bioscience of Microbiota, Food and Health (ISSN:21863342)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.40, no.1, pp.1-11, 2021 (Released:2021-01-08)

参考文献数

109

被引用文献数

26

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Aging is recognized as a common risk factor for many chronic diseases and functional decline. The newly emerging field of geroscience is an interdisciplinary field that aims to understand the molecular and cellular mechanisms of aging. Several fundamental biological processes have been proposed as hallmarks of aging. The proposition of the geroscience hypothesis is that targeting holistically these highly integrated hallmarks could be an effective approach to preventing the pathogenesis of age-related diseases jointly, thereby improving the health span of most individuals. There is a growing awareness concerning the benefits of the prophylactic use of probiotics in maintaining health and improving quality of life in the elderly population. In view of the rapid progress in geroscience research, a new emphasis on geroscience-based probiotics is in high demand, and such probiotics require extensive preclinical and clinical research to support their functional efficacy. Here we propose a new term, “gerobiotics”, to define those probiotic strains and their derived postbiotics and para-probiotics that are able to beneficially attenuate the fundamental mechanisms of aging, reduce physiological aging processes, and thereby expand the health span of the host. We provide a thorough discussion of why the coining of a new term is warranted instead of just referring to these probiotics as anti-aging probiotics or with other similar terms. In this review, we highlight the needs and importance of the new field of gerobiotics, past and currently on-going research and development in the field, biomarkers for potential targets, and recommended steps for the development of gerobiotic products. Use of gerobiotics could be a promising intervention strategy to improve health span and longevity of humans in the future.

著者

Yuhi SAITO Toshihiro MIHARA Kentaro MARUYAMA Jiro SAITO Masumi IKEDA Akihito TOMONAGA Takehisa KUMAGAI

出版者

BMFH出版会

雑誌

Bioscience of Microbiota, Food and Health (ISSN:21863342)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.16-031, (Released:2017-04-14)

被引用文献数

16

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Lactic acid bacteria are gut flora that play key roles in intestinal homeostasis, which may affect a variety of physiological functions. Our preliminary double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group trials have suggested that intake of heat-killed Lactobacillus casei subsp. casei 327 (designated lactobacillus K-1) is effective for improving skin conditions. The aim of this study was to confirm the effect of lactobacillus K-1 intake in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group study in healthy female volunteers. Sixty-four subjects were allocated to either the placebo food group (group P, n=32) or active food group (group A, n=32), in which subjects consumed lactobacillus K-1 50 mg (approximately 1 × 1011 bacteria) daily for 8 weeks. After excluding subjects who declined to participate (n=1), violated restrictions (n=4), or were judged ineligible by the principal investigators (n=1), data obtained with 58 subjects (30 in group A and 28 in group P) were analyzed for efficacy by comparing differences from pretrial levels between the two groups. When the level of transepidermal water loss (TEWL) was measured at the arm, the level of TEWL at week 4 of the intake period was significantly lower in group A than group P (p=0.021), suggesting an improvement of skin barrier function. Analysis of skin condition questionnaire data revealed a significant reduction in skin flakiness on the face (week 4). No adverse events were associated with intake of the test foods. The safety of lactobacillus K-1 was also confirmed in an independent open-label trial in 11 healthy subjects who consumed excessive amounts of lactobacillus K-1 250 mg (approximately 5 × 1011 bacteria). Intake of lactobacillus K-1 may therefore be beneficial to skin condition improvement.

著者

Ryuichi SAITO Naoki SATO Yoichi OKINO Dian-Sheng WANG Genichiro SEO

出版者

BMFH Press

雑誌

Bioscience of Microbiota, Food and Health (ISSN:21863342)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.42, no.2, pp.124-130, 2023 (Released:2023-04-01)

参考文献数

33

被引用文献数

2

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Clostridium butyricum TO-A, Enterococcus faecium T-110, and Bacillus subtilis TO-A are sold as oral probiotic preparations and reportedly exhibit many beneficial effects on the health of hosts, including humans and livestock. In this study, we compared the ability of these clinically applied probiotic bacteria with Escherichia coli OP50 in extending the lifespan of Caenorhabditis elegans. To compare the C. elegans lifespan-extending effects of the three bacteria, experiments were performed using a nematode growth medium containing a small amount of trypticase soy agar. The maximum lifespans of worms fed C. butyricum TO-A, E. faecium T-110, or B. subtilis TO-A increased by 11, 12, and 26%, respectively, compared with worms fed E. coli OP50. In addition, we conducted a metabolomic analysis of methanol extracts of B. subtilis TO-A cells, which exhibited the strongest lifespan-extending effect on C. elegans among the probiotic bacteria tested in this study. As a result, 59 candidate substances involved in extending the lifespan of C. elegans were identified in B. subtilis TO-A cells.

著者

Eisaku ITO Takao OHKI Naoki TOYA Hikaru NAKAGAWA Ayako HORIGOME Toshitaka ODAMAKI Jin-zhong XIAO Shigeo KOIDO Yuriko NISHIKAWA Toshifumi OHKUSA Nobuhiro SATO

出版者

BMFH Press

雑誌

Bioscience of Microbiota, Food and Health (ISSN:21863342)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.2022-055, (Released:2022-10-03)

被引用文献数

1

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The relationships between various diseases and the human gut microbiota (GM) have been revealed. However, the relationships between the human abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) and GM remains unknown. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to clarify the association between the human AAA and GM. Stool samples from 30 consecutive patients with AAA before aneurysm repair and those of 30 controls without vascular diseases were analyzed by 16S rRNA gene (V3–4) sequencing using an Illumina MiSeq system and QIIME 2. There was no significant difference in age (75 vs. 75 years) or gender (80% vs. 87% males) between the groups. No significant difference in GM composition was observed in principal coordinate analysis between the two groups, whereas the AAA group showed a significantly lower abundance of B. adolescentis (p<0.01) at the species level than the controls. This study demonstrated that the abundance of B. adolescentis decreased in patients with AAA. This is the first study to show the characteristics of the GM in patients with AAA. Studies are needed to reveal if causal relationships exists between the human AAA and GM.

著者

Khalid S. IBRAHIM Nowara BOURWIS Sharron DOLAN Sue LANG Janice SPENCER John A CRAFT

出版者

BMFH Press

雑誌

Bioscience of Microbiota, Food and Health (ISSN:21863342)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.40, no.1, pp.65-74, 2021 (Released:2021-01-08)

参考文献数

53

被引用文献数

12

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Various studies have suggested that the gut microbiome interacts with the host and may have a significant role in the aetiology of obesity and Type 2 Diabetes (T2D). It was hypothesised that bacterial communities in obesity and T2D differ from control and compromise normal interactions between host and microbiota. Obesity and T2D were developed in rats by feeding a high-fat diet or a high-fat diet plus a single low-dose streptozotocin administration, respectively. The microbiome profiles and their metabolic potentials were established by metagenomic 16S rRNA sequencing and bioinformatics. Taxonomy and predicted metabolism-related genes in obesity and T2D were markedly different from controls and indeed from each other. Diversity was reduced in T2D but not in Obese rats. Factors likely to compromise host intestinal, barrier integrity were found in Obese and T2D rats including predicted, decreased bacterial butyrate production. Capacity to increase energy extraction via ABC-transporters and carbohydrate metabolism were enhanced in Obese and T2D rats. T2D was characterized by increased proinflammatory molecules. While obesity and T2D show distinct differences, results suggest that in both conditions Bacteroides and Blautia species were increased indicating a possible mechanistic link.

著者

Takahiro SEURA Tsutomu FUKUWATARI

出版者

BMFH Press

雑誌

Bioscience of Microbiota, Food and Health (ISSN:21863342)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.2019-034, (Released:2020-08-01)

被引用文献数

2

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Recent evidence suggests that psychological stress is associated with gut microbiota; however, there are no reports of its association with gut microbial structure. This cross-sectional study examined the relationship between psychological stress and gut microbial patterns in young Japanese adults. Analysis of fecal microbiota was performed using terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP). Psychological stress was assessed using salivary biomarkers, including cortisol, alpha-amylase, and secretory IgA (S-IgA). Fecal microbial patterns were defined using principal component analysis of the T-RFLP profile and were classified into two enterotype-like clusters, which were defined by the B (microbiota dominated by Bacteroides) and BL patterns (microbiota dominated by Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillales), respectively. The Simpson index was significantly higher for the BL pattern than for the B pattern. The salivary cortisol level was significantly lower for the BL pattern than for the B pattern. Salivary alpha-amylase and S-IgA levels showed a negative correlation with the Simpson index. Our results raise the possibility that salivary biomarkers may be involved in the observed differences in microbial patterns.

著者

Mitsuyoshi KANO Norie MASUOKA Chiaki KAGA Saho SUGIMOTO Ryoko IIZUKA Katsuyuki MANABE Toshiro SONE Kazutoshi OEDA Chiaki NONAKA Kouji MIYAZAKI Fumiyasu ISHIKAWA

出版者

BMFH Press

雑誌

Bioscience of Microbiota, Food and Health (ISSN:21863342)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.32, no.1, pp.33-39, 2013-01-20 (Released:2013-01-31)

参考文献数

28

被引用文献数

21 50 2

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A double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized trial was conducted to investigate the beneficial effect of probiotic and prebiotic fermented milk on the skin of healthy adult women. Forty healthy Japanese adult female volunteers with healthy skin randomly received either a bottle of probiotic and prebiotic fermented milk containing Bifidobacterium breve strain Yakult and galacto-oligosaccharides (GOS) (active group) or a non-fermented placebo milk containing neither probiotics nor GOS (placebo group) daily for 4 weeks. Before and after intake, hydration levels and cathepsin L-like activity in the stratum corneum and phenol levels in the serum and urine were determined. After intake, the hydration level of the stratum corneum decreased significantly in only the placebo group and was significantly lower than in the active group (p=0.031). Cathepsin L-like activity, an indicator of keratinocyte differentiation, was significantly increased in the active group (p=0.027). Serum and urine phenol levels decreased significantly in the active group (p=0.014, p=0.002, respectively), and serum phenol levels were significantly lower in the active group compared with the placebo group (p=0.006). The consecutive intake of probiotic and prebiotic fermented milk can benefit skin condition without dryness and decrease the levels of phenol production by gut bacteria in healthy adult women.

著者

Azra PACHENARI Mayuran SUGANTHY Beata BURCZYNSKA Vu DANG Manika CHOUDHURY Azra PACHENARI

出版者

BMFH出版会

雑誌

Bioscience of Microbiota, Food and Health (ISSN:21863342)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.35, no.2, pp.97-103, 2016 (Released:2016-04-28)

参考文献数

48

被引用文献数

1 16

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The composition and diversity of the gut microbiota are known to be different between babies and adults. The aim of this project was to compare the level of bifidobacteria between babies and adults and to investigate the influence of lifestyle factors on the level of this bacterium in the gut. During this study, the levels of bifidobacteria in 10 human babies below 2 years of age were compared with that of 10 human adults above 40 years. The level of bifidobacteria proved to be significantly higher in babies in comparison with adults. This investigation concluded that a combination of several factors, such as age, diet, and BMI, has an important effect on the level of bifidobacteria in adults, while in babies, a combination of diet and age may influence the level of intestinal bifidobacteria.

著者

Yoshihisa URITA Mayu GOTO Toshiyasu WATANABE Makoto MATSUZAKI Atsushi GOMI Mitsuyoshi KANO Kouji MIYAZAKI Hironori KANEKO

出版者

BMFH出版会

雑誌

Bioscience of Microbiota, Food and Health (ISSN:21863342)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.2014-017, (Released:2015-01-21)

被引用文献数

3 32

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The aim of this study was to investigate whether consumption of probiotic fermented milk containing Bifidobacterium bifidum YIT 10347 improves symptoms in patients with functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGID). Thirty-seven FGID patients (18 male, 19 female) aged 12–80 years (mean ± SD, 52.6 ± 17.5 years) whose condition had not improved despite being seen at several medical institutions consumed 100 mL/day of B. bifidum YIT 10347 fermented milk for 4 weeks. Symptoms were evaluated after the enrollment period (BL: baseline), sample consumption period (CP) and 4 weeks after the CP (FP: follow-up period). Gastrointestinal symptoms were evaluated using the Gastrointestinal Symptom Rating Scale (GSRS) and the Frequency Scale for the Symptoms of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (FSSG); psychological symptoms were evaluated using the Profile of Mood States (POMS) short form. Concentrations of salivary stress markers and the oxidative stress marker urinary 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) were measured. GSRS subscale scores for abdominal pain, diarrhea, and constipation significantly improved relative to BL after consumption of the fermented milk, as did FSSG subscale scores for symptoms of acid-related dyspepsia. Some subjective psychological symptoms improved. POMS scores significantly improved, and "Anger-Hostility" subscale scores significantly decreased after the consumption period, while "Vigor" subscale scores marginally increased during the consumption period. The concentrations of urinary 8-OHdG and the stress marker salivary cortisol were significantly lower at CP but returned to baseline levels at FP. Continuous consumption of B. bifidum YIT 10347 fermented milk is expected to improve gastrointestinal symptoms and reduce psychological stress in FGID patients.

著者

Jun HEMMI Seiya MAKINO Takehiro YOKOO Hiroshi KANO Yukio ASAMI Kazuyoshi TAKEDA Yoshio SUZUKI Sachio KAWAI Isao NAGAOKA Keisuke SAWAKI Ko OKUMURA

出版者

BMFH Press

雑誌

Bioscience of Microbiota, Food and Health (ISSN:21863342)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.42, no.1, pp.73-80, 2023 (Released:2023-01-01)

参考文献数

31

被引用文献数

3

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Seasonal influenza is a major upper respiratory tract infection occurring in winter. Vaccination is the best method for preventing this infection. We conducted two randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trials to examine whether consumption of yogurt fermented with Lactobacillus delbrueckii ssp. bulgaricus OLL1073R-1, which has been reported to reduce the risk of catching the common cold, augments serum antibody titers against seasonal influenza vaccines. In the first trial, which included university students, serum antibody titers against influenza A (H3N2) and B viruses were significantly higher in the yogurt group than in the placebo group. According to the guidelines established by the European Medicines Agency (EMA) for the assessment of vaccines, the seroconversion rate and mean geometric increase of influenza A (H3N2) and seroprotection of influenza B met the criteria only in the yogurt group. In the second trial, which included healthy adults, serum antibody titers against influenza A (H1N1) and B viruses were significantly higher in the yogurt group than in the placebo group. The seroconversion rate and mean geometric increase of influenza B met the EMA criteria only in the yogurt group. Furthermore, the cumulative days of ill health, such as throat complaints, upper respiratory inflammation, and cold, were significantly lower in the yogurt group than in the placebo group. Therefore, daily intake of yogurt fermented with L. bulgaricus OLL1073R-1 could reduce the duration of symptoms caused by respiratory infections and act as a mucosal adjuvant enhancing acquired immune responses against vaccines, leading to the improvement of public health.

著者

Natsumi SUSAI Tomohiro KUROITA Koji KURONUMA Takeshi YOSHIOKA

出版者

BMFH Press

雑誌

Bioscience of Microbiota, Food and Health (ISSN:21863342)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.41, no.2, pp.73-82, 2022 (Released:2022-04-01)

参考文献数

39

被引用文献数

4

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Pellagra is caused by an abnormal intake and/or use of niacin, but its phenotypes are diverse. The phenotypes of pellagra can also be atypical, such as nausea. We previously reported a mouse model of pellagra-related nausea. However, the mechanism of this model is unclear. In this study, we found that the gut microbiota, which is thought to be a source of niacin, played an important role in the development of pellagra-related nausea in germ-free mice. We also investigated the gut microbiome. We compared urinary niacin metabolite levels and the dermal response between mice fed a normal diet and those fed a low-niacin diet to investigate the putative trigger of pellagra. Epoxyeicosatrienoic and hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid levels were higher in mice fed a low-niacin diet compared with those fed a normal diet. Furthermore, histological studies indicated a dermatological response to the low-niacin diet. Interestingly, higher levels of oxidised fatty acids in response to the germ-free state were also observed. These findings indicate successful establishment of our newly established mouse model of pellagra via the gut microbiota. We believe that this model could enable the discovery of the putative cause of pellagra and phenotypes of pellagra that have not been recognised yet.

著者

Bruno G. N. ANDRADE Rafael R. C. CUADRAT Fernanda Raya TONETTI Haruki KITAZAWA Julio VILLENA

出版者

BMFH Press

雑誌

Bioscience of Microbiota, Food and Health (ISSN:21863342)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.2022-009, (Released:2022-03-29)

被引用文献数

8

---

On March 11, 2020, the World Health Organization declared a pandemic of coronavirus infectious disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and imposed the biggest public health challenge for our civilization, with unforeseen impacts in the subsequent years. Similar to other respiratory infections, COVID-19 is associated with significant changes in the composition of the upper respiratory tract microbiome. Studies have pointed to a significant reduction of diversity and richness of the respiratory microbiota in COVID-19 patients. Furthermore, it has been suggested that Prevotella, Staphylococcus, and Streptococcus are associated with severe COVID-19 cases, while Dolosigranulum and Corynebacterium are significantly more abundant in asymptomatic subjects or with mild disease. These results have stimulated the search for new microorganisms from the respiratory microbiota with probiotic properties that could alleviate symptoms and even help in the fight against COVID-19. To date, the potential positive effects of probiotics in the context of SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 pandemics have been extrapolated from studies carried out with other viral pathogens, such as influenza virus and respiratory syncytial virus. However, scientific evidence has started to emerge demonstrating the capacity of immunomodulatory bacteria to beneficially influence the resistance against SARS-CoV-2 infection. Here we review the scientific knowledge regarding the role of the respiratory microbiota in viral infections in general and in the infection caused by SARS-CoV-2 in particular. In addition, the scientific work that supports the use of immunomodulatory probiotic microorganisms as beneficial tools to reduce the severity of respiratory viral infections is also reviewed. In particular, our recent studies that evaluated the role of immunomodulatory Dolosigranulum pigrum strains in the context of SARS-CoV-2 infection are highlighted.

著者

Junichi MINAMI Noriyuki IWABUCHI Miyuki TANAKA Koji YAMAUCHI Jin-zhong XIAO Fumiaki ABE Naoki SAKANE

出版者

BMFH Press

雑誌

Bioscience of Microbiota, Food and Health (ISSN:21863342)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.37, no.3, pp.67-75, 2018 (Released:2018-07-26)

参考文献数

43

被引用文献数

74

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Accumulating evidence suggests a relationship between the gut microbiota and the development of obesity, indicating the potential of probiotics as a therapeutic approach. Bifidobacterium breve B-3 has been shown to exert anti-obesity effects in high-fat diet-induced obese mice. In the present study, the anti-obesity effects of the consumption of B. breve B-3 by healthy pre-obese (25 ≤ BMI < 30) adults were investigated in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial (trial registration: UMIN-CTR No. 000023919; preregistered on September 2, 2016). Eighty participants were randomized to receive placebo or B. breve B-3 capsules (2 × 1010 CFU/day) daily for 12 weeks. The visceral fat area significantly increased at weeks 4 and 8 in the placebo group only; no significant change was observed in the B-3 group. Body fat mass and percent body fat were significantly lower in the B-3 group than in the placebo group at weeks 8 and 12 (p<0.05, ANCOVA adjusted with baseline values). Although no significant differences were observed in blood parameters between the groups, the intake of B. breve B-3 slightly decreased triglyceride levels and improved HDL cholesterol from the baseline. No serious adverse effects were noted in either group. These results suggest that the probiotic strain B. breve B-3 has potential as a functional food ingredient to reduce body fat in healthy pre-obese individuals.

著者

Hiroaki MASUOKA Kouya SHIMADA Tomoyo KIYOSUE-YASUDA Masaharu KIYOSUE Yukie OISHI Seiji KIMURA Akio YAMADA Kazuhiro HIRAYAMA

出版者

BMFH出版会

雑誌

Bioscience of Microbiota, Food and Health (ISSN:21863342)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.BMFH-2016-021, (Released:2016-11-12)

被引用文献数

43

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Although it is established that the composition of the human intestinal microbiota changes with age, transition of the intestinal microbiota of animals with age has not been well studied. In the present study, we collected fresh fecal samples from dogs of 5 different age groups (pre-weanling, weanling, young, aged, senile) and analyzed the compositions of their intestinal microbiota with a culture-based method. The results suggested that the composition of the canine intestinal microbiota also changes with age. Among intestinal bacteria predominant in dog intestines, lactobacilli appeared to change with age. Both the number and the prevalence of lactobacilli tended to decrease when dogs became older. Bifidobacteria, on the other hand, was not predominant in the intestine of the dogs. We also identified lactobacilli at the species level based on 16S rRNA gene sequences and found that the species composition of Lactobacillus also changed with age. It was further suggested that bacteria species beneficial to host animals may differ depending on the host species.

著者

Yasuhiro TANIZAWA Takatomo FUJISAWA Eli KAMINUMA Yasukazu NAKAMURA Masanori ARITA

出版者

BMFH出版会

雑誌

Bioscience of Microbiota, Food and Health (ISSN:21863342)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.35, no.4, pp.173-184, 2016 (Released:2016-10-28)

参考文献数

49

被引用文献数

188

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Quality assurance and correct taxonomic affiliation of data submitted to public sequence databases have been an everlasting problem. The DDBJ Fast Annotation and Submission Tool (DFAST) is a newly developed genome annotation pipeline with quality and taxonomy assessment tools. To enable annotation of ready-to-submit quality, we also constructed curated reference protein databases tailored for lactic acid bacteria. DFAST was developed so that all the procedures required for DDBJ submission could be done seamlessly online. The online workspace would be especially useful for users not familiar with bioinformatics skills. In addition, we have developed a genome repository, DFAST Archive of Genome Annotation (DAGA), which currently includes 1,421 genomes covering 179 species and 18 subspecies of two genera, Lactobacillus and Pediococcus, obtained from both DDBJ/ENA/GenBank and Sequence Read Archive (SRA). All the genomes deposited in DAGA were annotated consistently and assessed using DFAST. To assess the taxonomic position based on genomic sequence information, we used the average nucleotide identity (ANI), which showed high discriminative power to determine whether two given genomes belong to the same species. We corrected mislabeled or misidentified genomes in the public database and deposited the curated information in DAGA. The repository will improve the accessibility and reusability of genome resources for lactic acid bacteria. By exploiting the data deposited in DAGA, we found intraspecific subgroups in Lactobacillus gasseri and Lactobacillus jensenii, whose variation between subgroups is larger than the well-accepted ANI threshold of 95% to differentiate species. DFAST and DAGA are freely accessible at https://dfast.nig.ac.jp.

著者

Hideki KINOSHITA Satoko OHUCHI Kensuke ARAKAWA Masamichi WATANABE Haruki KITAZAWA Tadao SAITO

出版者

BMFH出版会

雑誌

Bioscience of Microbiota, Food and Health (ISSN:21863342)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.35, no.4, pp.185-196, 2016 (Released:2016-10-28)

参考文献数

66

被引用文献数

23

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The adhesion of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) to the intestinal mucosa is one of the criteria in selecting for probiotics. Eighteen LAB were isolated from porcine intestinal mucin (PIM): ten strains of Lactobacillus, six strains of Weissella, and two strains of Streptococcus. Using sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) for phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) extracts from the LAB, many bands were detected in half of the samples, while a few and/or no clear bands were detected in the other half. All six of the selected LAB showed adhesion to PIM. L. johnsonii MYU 214 and MYU 221 showed adhesion at more than 10%. W. viridescens MYU 208, L. reuteri MYU 213, L. mucosae MYU 225, and L. agilis MYU 227 showed medium levels of adhesion at 5.9–8.3%. In a comprehensive analysis for the adhesins in the PBS extracts using a receptor overlay analysis, many moonlighting proteins were detected and identified as candidates for adhesins: GroEL, enolase, and elongation factor Tu in MYU 208; peptidase C1, enolase, formyl-CoA transferase, phosphoglyceromutase, triosephosphate isomerase, and phosphofructokinase in MYU 221; and DnaK, enolase, and phosphoglycerate kinase in MYU 227. These proteins in the PBS extracts, which included such things as molecular chaperones and glycolytic enzymes, may play important roles as adhesins.

著者

Satoshi WATANABE Naofumi YOSHIDA Kairi BABA Hiroyuki YAMASAKI Natsuko O. SHINOZAKI Masato OGAWA Tomoya YAMASHITA Aya K. TAKEDA

出版者

BMFH Press

雑誌

Bioscience of Microbiota, Food and Health (ISSN:21863342)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.2022-047, (Released:2023-10-18)

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Gut microbiota imbalance plays an important role in the pathogenesis of various diseases. Here, we determined microbe–microbe interactions and gut microbiome stability in a Japanese population with varying body mass indices (BMIs) and enterotypes. Using 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing, we analyzed gut microbial data from fecal samples obtained from 3,365 older Japanese individuals. The individuals were divided into lean, normal, and obese groups based on their BMIs. They were further categorized according to their gut microbiota enterotypes: Bacteroides (enterotype B), Prevotella (enterotype P), and Ruminococcus (enterotype R). We obtained data on different host factors, such as age, BMI, and disease status, using a survey questionnaire evaluated by the Mykinso gut microbiome testing service. Subsequently, we evaluated the co-occurrence network. Individual differences in BMI were associated with differences in co-occurrence networks. By exploring the network topology based on BMI status , we observed that the network density was lower in the lean group than that in the normal group. Furthermore, a simulation-based stability analysis revealed a lower resistance index in the lean group than those in the other two groups. Our results provide insights into various microbe–microbe interactions and gut microbial stability and could aid in developing appropriate therapeutic strategies targeting gut microbiota modulation to manage frailty.

著者

Lorena BABINES-OROZCO María Guadalupe BALBUENA-ALONSO Edwin BARRIOS-VILLA Patricia LOZANO-ZARAIN Ygnacio MARTÍNEZ-LAGUNA Rosa Del Carmen ROCHA-GRACIA Gerardo CORTÉS-CORTÉS

出版者

BMFH Press

雑誌

Bioscience of Microbiota, Food and Health (ISSN:21863342)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.2023-022, (Released:2023-06-29)

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The World Health Organization (WHO) considers antimicrobial resistance to be one of the critical global public health priorities to address. Escherichia coli is a commensal bacterium of the gut microbiota in humans and animals; however, some strains cause infections and are resistant to antibiotics. One of the most common ways of acquiring pathogenic E. coli strains is through food. This review analyzes multidrug-resistant E. coli isolated from food, emphasizing Latin America and Mexico, and the mobile genetic elements (MGEs) responsible for spreading antibiotic resistance determinants among bacteria in different environments and hosts. We conducted a systematic search of the literature published from 2015 to 2022 in open access databases and electronic repositories. The prevalence of 11 E. coli pathotypes was described, with diarrheagenic E. coli pathotypes being the most frequently associated with foodborne illness in different Latin American countries, highlighting the presence of different antibiotic resistance genes mostly carried by IncF-type plasmids or class 1 integrons. Although the global incidence of foodborne illness is high, there have been few studies in Mexico and Latin America, which highlights the need to generate updated epidemiological data from the “One Health” approach, which allows monitoring of the multidrug-resistance phenomenon in E. coli from a common perspective in the interaction of human, veterinary, and environmental health.