著者

Kazuhiko Kotani Yoshitaka Sekine Shizukiyo Ishikawa Imoh Z. Ikpot Kazuhiro Suzuki Alan T. Remaley

出版者

日本疫学会

雑誌

Journal of Epidemiology (ISSN:09175040)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.JE20130006, (Released:2013-08-27)

参考文献数

35

被引用文献数

10 36

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Prostate cancer is a common disease in modern, developed societies and has a high incidence and mortality. High-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) has recently received much attention as a possible risk marker of prostate cancer development and prognosis. In the present article, we summarized findings from epidemiologic studies of the association between HDL-C and prostate cancer. Low HDL-C level was found to be a risk and prognostic factor of prostate cancer in several epidemiologic studies, although the overall linkage between HDL and prostate cancer has not been definitively established. The mechanisms for this association remain uncertain; however, limited data from experimental studies imply a possible role of HDL in the pathophysiology of prostate cancer. More epidemiologic research, in combination with experimental studies, is needed in this field.

著者

Takakazu Kawase Keitaro Matsuo Akio Hiraki Takeshi Suzuki Miki Watanabe Hiroji Iwata Hideo Tanaka Kazuo Tajima

出版者

日本疫学会

雑誌

Journal of Epidemiology (ISSN:09175040)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.19, no.5, pp.244-250, 2009-09-05 (Released:2009-09-05)

参考文献数

35

被引用文献数

16 30

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Background: Epidemiological studies consistently indicate that alcoholic beverages are an independent risk factor for female breast cancer. Although the mechanism underlying this effect remains unknown, the predominant hypothesis implicates mutagenesis via the ethanol metabolite acetaldehyde, whose impact on the carcinogenesis of several types of cancer has been shown in both experimental models and molecular epidemiological studies. Many of the epidemiological studies have investigated genetic polymorphisms of alcohol dehydrogenase-1B (ADH1B) His48Arg and aldehyde dehydrogenase-2 (ALDH2) Glu504Lys, because of the strong impact these polymorphisms have on exposure to and accumulation of acetaldehyde. With regard to breast cancer, however, evidence is scarce.Methods: To clarify the impact on female breast cancer risk of the interaction of the effects of alcohol consumption and polymorphisms in the alcohol-metabolizing enzymes ADH1B and ALDH2, we conducted a case–control study of 456 newly and histologically diagnosed breast cancer cases and 912 age- and menopausal status-matched noncancer controls. Gene–gene and gene–environment interactions between individual and combined ADH1B and ALDH2 gene polymorphisms and alcohol consumption were evaluated.Results: Despite sufficient statistical power, there was no significant impact of ADH1B and ALDH2 on the risk of breast cancer. Neither was there any significant gene–environment interactions between alcohol drinking and polymorphisms in ADH1B and ALDH2.Conclusions: Our findings do not support the hypothesis that acetaldehyde is the main contributor to the carcinogenesis of alcohol-induced breast cancer.

著者

Nakahara Shinji Katanoda Kota Ichikawa Masao

出版者

日本疫学会

雑誌

Journal of epidemiology (ISSN:09175040)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.23, no.3, pp.195-204, 2013-05

被引用文献数

20

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Background: In Japan, introduction of severe drunk-driving penalties and a lower blood alcohol concentration (BAC) limit in June 2002 was followed by a substantial reduction in fatal alcohol-related crashes. However, previous research suggests that this reduction started before the legal amendments. The causes of the decrease have not been studied in detail.Methods: Monthly police data on fatal road traffic crashes from January 1995 to August 2006 were analyzed using a joinpoint regression model to identify change-points in the trends of the proportion of drunk-driving among drivers primarily responsible for fatal crashes. We analyzed the data by BAC level (≥0.5 or <0.5 mg/ml), then conducted analyses stratified by vehicle type (car or motorcycle) and age group (<45 or ≥45 years) only for the proportion of those with a BAC of 0.5 mg/ml or higher.Results: Among all drivers, the proportion of those with a BAC of 0.5 mg/ml or higher and those with a BAC greater than 0 but less than 0.5 mg/ml showed a change-point from increase to decrease in February 2000 and in May 2002, respectively. The proportion of those with a BAC of 0.5 mg/ml or higher showed a change-point from increase to decrease in October 1999 among car drivers and in April 2000 among drivers younger than 45 years. There was no change-point among motorcyclists. A change-point from no trend to a decrease in January 2002 was observed among those 45 years or older.Conclusions: The change-point identified around the end of 1999 to the start of 2000 suggests that a high-profile fatal crash in November 1999, which drew media attention and provoked public debate, triggered subsequent changes in drunk-driving behavior.

著者

Kwang-Pil Ko Sue K. Park Jae Jeong Yang Seung Hyun Ma Jin Gwack Aesun Shin YeonJu Kim Daehee Kang Soung-Hoon Chang Hai-Rim Shin Keun-Young Yoo

出版者

日本疫学会

雑誌

Journal of Epidemiology (ISSN:09175040)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.JE20120232, (Released:2013-06-29)

参考文献数

35

被引用文献数

15 59

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Background: Gastric cancer, the most common cancer in the world, is affected by some foods or food groups. We examined the relationship between dietary intake and stomach cancer risk in the Korean Multi-Center Cancer Cohort (KMCC).Methods: The KMCC included 19 688 Korean men and women who were enrolled from 1993 to 2004. Of those subjects, 9724 completed a brief 14-food frequency questionnaire at baseline. Through record linkage with the Korean Central Cancer Registry and National Death Certificate databases, we documented 166 gastric cancer cases as of December 31, 2008. Cox proportional hazard models were used to estimate relative risks (RRs) and 95% CIs.Results: Frequent intake of soybean/tofu was significantly associated with reduced risk of gastric cancer, after adjustment for age, sex, cigarette smoking, body mass index, alcohol consumption, and area of residence (P for trend = 0.036). We found a significant inverse association between soybean/tofu intake and gastric cancer risk among women (RR = 0.41, 95% CI: 0.22–0.78). Men with a high soybean/tofu intake had a lower risk of gastric cancer, but the reduction was not statistically significant (RR = 0.77, 95% CI: 0.52–1.13). There was no interaction between soybean/tofu intake and cigarette smoking in relation to gastric cancer risk (P for interaction = 0.268).Conclusions: Frequent soybean/tofu intake was associated with lower risk of gastric cancer.

著者

Hui-Fen Chiu Brian K. Chen Chun-Yuh Yang

出版者

日本疫学会

雑誌

Journal of Epidemiology (ISSN:09175040)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.JE20120155, (Released:2013-04-01)

参考文献数

22

被引用文献数

5 16

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Background: In this cohort study, we investigated whether a diagnosis of herpes zoster (HZ) was associated with a higher risk of subsequent cancer as compared with the Taiwanese general population.Methods: Data were obtained from the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database. In total, 38 743 patients who were aged 50 years or older and had received ambulatory care for HZ between 1997 and 2006 were identified as the study cohort; 116 229 age- and sex-matched patients without HZ were included as the comparison cohort. We used Cox proportional hazards regression models to estimate the hazard ratios (HRs) for subsequent cancer, after controlling for potential confounders.Results: The HR for subsequent cancer varied according to time since HZ diagnosis. The HR was 1.58 (95% CI, 1.38–1.80) within the first year, 1.30 (95% CI, 1.15–1.46) between 1 and 2 years, 1.10 (95% CI, 0.98–1.24) between 2 and 3 years, 1.02 (95% CI, 0.91–1.15) between 3 and 4 years, and 1.08 (95% CI, 0.96–1.21) between 4 and 5 years. The risk of subsequent cancer, particularly lung cancer, was significantly higher during the first 2 years after initial diagnosis of HZ.Conclusions: Our findings suggest that an HZ diagnosis is a marker of occult malignancy, particularly in lung cancer. The HRs for cancer decreased gradually over time and were no longer significant after 2 years of follow-up, which indicates that the association between HZ and cancer is likely due to detection bias.

著者

Shaw Watanabe Shoichiro Tsugane Tomotaka Sobue Masamitsu Konishi Shunroku Baba

出版者

日本疫学会

雑誌

Journal of Epidemiology (ISSN:09175040)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.11, no.6sup, pp.3-7, 2001 (Released:2007-11-30)

参考文献数

4

被引用文献数

42 96

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The Japan Public Health Center-based Prospective Study on Cancer and Cardiovascular Diseases (JPHC Study; formerly called “Koseisho Multipurpose Prospective Cohort Study”) began in 1990(Cohort I) and 1993(Cohort II). The JPHC Study covers 11 public health center areas throughout Japan and includes a total of 140, 420 residents. The study's design includes a baseline survey with a self-administered questionnaire on lifestyle and collection of blood and health checkup data; a follow-up system for mortality, migration, and incidence of cancer and cardiovascular diseases; an additional follow-up survey after 5 and 10 years; and distribution of a newsletter. The JPHC study is expected to provide evidence for the prevention and control of cancer and cardiovascular diseases in the 21st century. J Epidemiol, 2001 ; 11 (Suppl) : S3-S7.

著者

Nakahara Shinji Ichikawa Masao

出版者

日本疫学会

雑誌

Journal of epidemiology (ISSN:09175040)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.23, no.1, pp.70-73, 2013-01

被引用文献数

50

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Introduction: On 11 March 2011, a magnitude 9.0 earthquake caused a huge tsunami that struck Northeast Japan, resulting in nearly 20 000 deaths. We investigated mortality patterns by age, sex, and region in the 3 most severely affected prefectures.Methods: Using police data on earthquake victims in Iwate, Miyagi, and Fukushima prefectures, mortality rates by sex, age group, and region were calculated, and regional variability in mortality rates across age groups was compared using rate ratios (RRs), with the rates in Iwate as the reference.Results: In all regions, age-specific mortality showed a tendency to increase with age; there were no sex differences. Among residents of Iwate, mortality was markedly lower among school-aged children as compared with other age groups. In northern Miyagi and the southern part of the study area, RRs were higher among school-aged children than among other age groups.Conclusions: The present study could not address the reasons for the observed mortality patterns and regional differences. To improve preparedness policies, future research should investigate the reasons for regional differences.

著者

Yukiko Takao Yoshiyuki Miyazaki Fumitake Onishi Hideaki Kumihashi Yasuyuki Gomi Toyokazu Ishikawa Yoshinobu Okuno Yasuko Mori Hideo Asada Koichi Yamanishi Hiroyasu Iso

出版者

日本疫学会

雑誌

Journal of Epidemiology (ISSN:09175040)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.22, no.2, pp.167-174, 2012-03-05 (Released:2012-03-05)

参考文献数

33

被引用文献数

2 20

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Background: The incidence and risk factors for herpes zoster have been studied in cross-sectional and cohort studies, although most such studies have been conducted in Western countries. Evidence from Asian populations is limited, and no cohort study has been conducted in Asia. We are conducting a 3-year prospective cohort study in Shozu County in Kagawa Prefecture, Japan to determine the incidence and predictive and immunologic factors for herpes zoster among Japanese.Methods: The participants are followed for 3 years, and a telephone survey is conducted every 4 weeks. The participants were assigned to 1 of 3 studies. Participants in study A gave information on past history of herpes zoster and completed health questionnaires. Study B participants additionally underwent varicella-zoster virus (VZV) skin testing, and study C participants additionally underwent blood testing. If the participants develop herpes zoster, we evaluate clinical symptoms, measure cell-mediated immunity and humoral immunity using venous blood sampling, photograph skin areas with rash, conduct virus identification testing by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and virus isolation from crust sampling, and evaluate postherpetic pain.Results: We recruited 12 522 participants aged 50 years or older in Shozu County from December 2009 through November 2010. The participation rate was 65.7% of the target population.Conclusions: The present study is likely to provide valuable data on the incidence and predictive and immunologic factors for herpes zoster in a defined community-based population of Japanese.

著者

Yasunori Niwa Shizukiyo Ishikawa Tadao Gotoh Kazunori Kayaba Yosikazu Nakamura Eiji Kajii

出版者

日本疫学会

雑誌

Journal of Epidemiology (ISSN:09175040)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.17, no.6, pp.203-209, 2007 (Released:2007-12-19)

参考文献数

28

被引用文献数

10 11 14

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BACKGROUND: Metabolic syndrome is known to increase morbidity and mortality of cardiovascular disease. The National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Expert Panel III in 2001 (revised in 2005) and the Japanese definition of metabolic syndrome were launched in 2005. No study regarding the association between metabolic syndrome by Japanese definition and mortality has been performed. The aim of this study was to clarify the prevalence of metabolic syndrome and its effects to mortality in a population-based cohort study.METHODS: A total of 2176 subjects who satisfied the necessary criteria for metabolic syndrome were examined between 1992 and 1995 as a part of Jichi Medical School Cohort Study by Japanese definition. Cox's proportional hazard models were used to analyze the association of metabolic syndrome with mortality.RESULTS: The prevalence of metabolic syndrome was 9.0% in males and 1.7% in females. There were 17 deaths (14 males), including 6 cardiovascular deaths (5 males), during a 12.5-year follow-up period among metabolic syndrome subjects. After adjusting for age, smoking status, and alcohol drinking status, the hazard ratio (95% confidence interval) for all-cause mortality was 1.13 (0.64-1.98) in males and 1.31 (0.41-4.18) in females, and HR for cardiovascular mortality was 1.84 (0.68-4.96) in males, and 1.31 (0.17-9.96) in females.CONCLUSION: No statistical significant relationship between metabolic syndrome by Japanese definition and all-cause mortality was observed in a population-based cohort study.J Epidemiol 2007; 17: 203-209.

著者

Masayo Kojima

出版者

Japan Epidemiological Association

雑誌

Journal of Epidemiology (ISSN:09175040)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.22, no.1, pp.7-11, 2012-01-05 (Released:2012-01-05)

参考文献数

29

被引用文献数

5 8

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A link between affective disturbances and physical disorders has been suggested since the Greco–Roman era. However, evidence supporting an association between mind and body is limited and mostly comes from North America and Europe. Additional local epidemiologic studies are needed so that more evidence can be collected on effective treatments and health management. Epidemiologic studies of Japanese with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and those on chronic hemodialysis examined the association between psychosocial factors and patient quality of life (QOL). Strong associations among depression, social support, and patient QOL were confirmed, which supports the findings of studies performed in Western countries. In addition, disparities between the perspectives of patients with RA and their doctors were observed. Alexithymia, a personality construct that reflects a deficit in the cognitive processing of emotion, had a stronger independent association with increased risk of 5-year mortality than did depression among patients with chronic hemodialysis. Physiological, biological, and psychosocial factors are associated and independently and interactively determine our health. Epidemiology is a powerful tool for identifying effective points of intervention, after considering all possible confounders. Future studies must clarify how health can be improved by using a psychosocial approach.

著者

Seung-Kwon Myung Hong Gwan Seo Yoo-Seock Cheong Sohee Park Wonkyong B Lee Geoffrey T Fong

出版者

Japan Epidemiological Association

雑誌

Journal of Epidemiology (ISSN:09175040)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.1112130276, (Released:2011-12-17)

参考文献数

20

被引用文献数

17 24

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Background: Few studies have reported the factors associated with intention to quit smoking among Korean adult smokers. This study aimed to examine sociodemographic characteristics, smoking-related beliefs, and smoking-restriction variables associated with intention to quit smoking among Korean adult smokers.Methods: We used data from the International Tobacco Control Korea Survey, which was conducted from November through December 2005 by using random-digit dialing and computer-assisted telephone interviewing of male and female smokers aged 19 years or older in 16 metropolitan areas and provinces of Korea. We performed univariate analysis and multiple logistic regression analysis to identify predictors of intention to quit.Results: A total of 995 respondents were included in the final analysis. Of those, 74.9% (n = 745) intended to quit smoking. In univariate analyses, smokers with an intention to quit were younger, smoked fewer cigarettes per day, had a higher annual income, were more educated, were more likely to have a religious affiliation, drank less alcohol per week, were less likely to have self-exempting beliefs, and were more likely to have self-efficacy beliefs regarding quitting, to believe that smoking had damaged their health, and to report that smoking was never allowed anywhere in their home. In multiple logistic regression analysis, higher education level, having a religious affiliation, and a higher self-efficacy regarding quitting were significantly associated with intention to quit.Conclusions: Sociodemographic factors, smoking-related beliefs, and smoking restrictions at home were associated with intention to quit smoking among Korean adults.

著者

Yuriko Suzuki Atsuro Tsutsumi Maiko Fukasawa Hiroko Honma Toshiyuki Someya Yoshiharu Kim

出版者

Japan Epidemiological Association

雑誌

Journal of Epidemiology (ISSN:09175040)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.21, no.2, pp.144-150, 2011-03-05 (Released:2011-03-05)

参考文献数

23

被引用文献数

37 50

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Background: Japan is located in an area prone to natural disasters, and major earthquakes have occurred recently in rural areas where the proportion of elderly adults is high. Although elderly persons are vulnerable members of communities at a time of disaster, the prevalence of mental disorders among this population has yet to be reported in Japan. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of mental disorders and suicidal thoughts among community-dwelling elderly persons 3 years after an earthquake and to identify risk factors associated with their quality of life (QOL).Methods: Face-to-face interviews were conducted with 496 community-dwelling persons aged 65 years or older in areas of Japan where 2 major earthquakes had occurred during a 3-year period. The main outcome was diagnosis of a mental disorder or suicidality.Results: During the 3-year period after the earthquake, 1.6% of men and 5.5% of women had received a diagnosis of major depression. There were no cases of posttraumatic stress disorder. Women were more likely than men to report suicidality (7.8% vs 3.8%, P = 0.075).Conclusions: The prevalence of mental disorders was lower than that reported in previous studies. Despite the low prevalence of mental disorders, the percentage of community-dwelling elderly persons with subclinical mental health symptoms was high. The results indicate that appropriate public health and medical interventions are warranted after a natural disaster.

著者

Yu-Ching Chou Chi-Hong Chu Mei-Hsuan Wu Giu-Cheng Hsu Tsan Yang Wan-Yun Chou Hsin-Ping Huang Meei-Shyuan Lee Cheng-Ping Yu Jyh-Cherng Yu Chien-An Sun

出版者

Japan Epidemiological Association

雑誌

Journal of Epidemiology (ISSN:09175040)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.21, no.5, pp.329-336, 2011-09-05 (Released:2011-09-05)

参考文献数

50

被引用文献数

11 16

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Background: B vitamins, including vitamin B6, are coenzymes that are important for DNA integrity and stability. Deficiencies in B vitamins may promote tumor carcinogenesis.Methods: We examined the association of dietary vitamin B6 intake with overall breast cancer risk and breast cancers stratified by hormone receptor status. This case-control study included 391 breast cancer cases and 782 control subjects enrolled at the Tri-Service General Hospital in Taipei, Taiwan. Energy-adjusted intake of vitamin B6 was derived from a food frequency questionnaire. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated using logistic regression.Results: As compared with women in the lowest tertile, the multivariate-adjusted ORs for breast cancer among women in the second and highest tertiles of vitamin B6 intake were 0.78 (95% CI, 0.64–2.52) and 0.64 (0.26–0.92), respectively. In addition, higher vitamin B6 intake was associated with a significantly lower risk of developing ER-negative breast tumors.Conclusions: Our findings suggest that higher intake of vitamin B6 is associated with a reduction in breast cancer risk, particularly ER-negative tumors.

著者

Atsuko Sadakane Tadao Gotoh Shizukiyo Ishikawa Yosikazu Nakamura Kazunori Kayaba

出版者

Japan Epidemiological Association

雑誌

Journal of Epidemiology (ISSN:09175040)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.19, no.3, pp.107-115, 2009-05-05 (Released:2009-05-05)

参考文献数

35

被引用文献数

19 21

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Background: Lower mortality has been reported in light-to-moderate alcohol drinkers. We examined the association between the amount and frequency of alcohol consumption and all-cause mortality in a Japanese population.Methods: We conducted a prospective cohort study among 8934 Japanese people (3444 men and 5490 women) who completed a baseline survey between 1992 and 1995. We confirmed the date and cause of death by referring to death certificates. The Cox proportional hazards model was used to evaluate the effect of alcohol consumption on risk for all-cause mortality, after adjustment for potential confounding factors.Results: We identified 637 (397 men and 240 women) deaths during the 12.0 years of mean follow-up. Among men, as compared with non-drinkers, the relative risk was higher in ex-drinkers (hazard ratio [HR], 1.18), lower in light drinkers (HR, 0.95) and moderate drinkers (HR, 0.91), and significantly higher in heavy drinkers (HR, 1.67; 95% confidence interval, 1.10–2.55). Among women, light, moderate, and heavy drinkers were grouped into current drinkers. The relative risk was slightly higher in current drinkers (HR, 1.23), and that in ex-drinkers was near 1.0 (HR, 0.97). In stratified analysis, the harmful effects of heavy drinking were more severe among male smokers and younger men. In terms of frequency, men who drank only on special occasions had the highest mortality (HR, 1.28), regardless of alcohol intake per drinking session.Conclusions: In men, a near J-shaped association was identified between alcohol consumption and all-cause mortality. Both the amount and frequency of alcohol consumption were related to mortality.

著者

Tatsuro Ishizaki Taketo Furuna Yuko Yoshida Hajime Iwasa Hiroyuki Shimada Hideyo Yoshida Shu Kumagai Takao Suzuki

出版者

日本疫学会

雑誌

Journal of Epidemiology (ISSN:09175040)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.21, no.3, pp.176-183, 2011-05-05 (Released:2011-05-05)

参考文献数

33

被引用文献数

11 27

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Background: Few studies have examined whether declines over time in hand-grip strength (HGS) and fast walking speed (FWS) differ by sex and age among non-Western community-dwelling older adults. This study aimed to quantify changes in HGS and FWS over the 6-year period from 1994 to 2000 and examine whether these changes differed by sex and baseline age among older individuals in a Japanese community.Methods: We conducted a community-based prospective cohort study. The participants were 513 nondisabled men and women aged 67 to 91 years at the 1994 survey. Independent variables regarding time since baseline, in addition to various time-dependent and time-independent covariates, were obtained in 1994, 1996, 1998, and 2000. The outcome variables were HGS and FWS assessed at each survey. All data on independent and dependent variables that were collected at each survey were simultaneously analyzed using a linear mixed-effects model.Results: The linear mixed-effects model revealed significant declines in both HGS (−0.70 kg/year, P < 0.001) and FWS (−0.027 m/sec/year, P < 0.001) among nondisabled older participants who had analyzable data in any survey during the 6-year period. Sex was significantly associated with the rate of decline in HGS (P < 0.001), but not FWS (P = 0.211).Conclusions: In this analysis of nondisabled older Japanese, a mixed-effects model confirmed a significant effect of aging on declines in HGS and FWS and showed that men had a significantly steeper decline in HGS than did women during a 6-year period.

著者

Tsuyoshi Ogata Yoshinao Yamazaki Nobuhiko Okabe Yosikazu Nakamura Masato Tashiro Noriko Nagata Shigeyuki Itamura Yoshinori Yasui Kazutoshi Nakashima Mikio Doi Youko Izumi Takashi Fujieda Shin'ichi Yamato Yuichi Kawada

出版者

Japan Epidemiological Association

雑誌

Journal of Epidemiology (ISSN:09175040)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.0807040024, (Released:2008-07-07)

参考文献数

20

被引用文献数

28 30

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Background: H5N2 avian influenza virus infection of humans has not been reported thus far. The first H5N2 avian influenza infection of poultry in Japan occurred in Ibaraki. Methods: The subjects were workers at 35 chicken farms in Ibaraki Prefecture, where the H5N2 virus or antibody was isolated from chickens. None of the subjects exhibited influenza symptoms. The H5N2-neutralizing antibody titers of the first and second paired sera samples were compared. To investigate the possible factors for this increase, the H5N2-neutralizing antibody titer (1:40 or more) was calculated for the second samples. A logistic regression analysis was performed to examine the association of these factors with H5N2-neutralizing antibody positivity. Results: We performed Wilcoxon matched-pairs signed-ranked test on data collected from 257 subjects, and determined that the H5N2 antibody titers of the second paired sera samples were significantly higher than those of the first samples (P < 0.001). The H5N2 antibody titers of paired sera of 13 subjects without a history of seasonal influenza vaccination within the previous 12 months increased 4-fold or more. The percentage of antibody positivity was 32% for subjects with a history of seasonal influenza vaccination (28% of all subjects) and 13% for those without a history of the same. The adjusted odds ratio of H5N2-neutralizing antibody positivity was 4.6 (95% confidence interval: 1.6-13.7) for those aged over 40 and 3.1 (95% confidence interval: 1.6-6.1) for those with a history of seasonal influenza vaccination within the previous 12 months. Conclusion: The results suggest that this may have been the first avian influenza H5N2 infection of poultry to affect humans. A history of seasonal influenza vaccination might be associated with H5N2-neutralizing antibody positivity.

著者

Naren Wang Motoki Iwasaki Tetsuya Otani Rumiko Hayashi Hiroko Miyazaki Liu Xiao Yosiaki Sasazawa Shosuke Suzuki Hiroshi Koyama Tetsuo Sakamaki

出版者

Japan Epidemiological Association

雑誌

Journal of Epidemiology (ISSN:09175040)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.15, no.5, pp.155-162, 2005 (Released:2005-09-27)

参考文献数

40

被引用文献数

31 50 36

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BACKGROUND: Few studies have examined the association of perceived health with socio-economic status, especially income, and social isolation and support in Japan. The purpose of this study is to clarify the associations among perceived health, lifestyle, and socio-economic status, as well as social isolation and support factors, in middle-aged and elderly Japanese.METHODS: Subjects were 9,650 participants aged 47-77 years who completed a self-administered questionnaire in 2000 in the second survey of a population-based cohort (the Komo-Ise study). The questionnaire included items on sociodemographic and socio-economic factors, social isolation and support, lifestyle, past history of chronic disease and perceived health. Perceived health was dichotomized into excellent or good health and fair or poor health. A logistic regression analysis was used to determine the odds ratios of socio-economic status, social characteristics and lifestyle in relation to self-reported fair or poor health.RESULTS: We found that household income, physical activity, sleeping, smoking habit, and BMI had a strong association with self-reported fair or poor health in middle-aged and elderly Japanese men and women. Male subjects tended to report fair or poor health as household income decreased. The results for women differed in that social isolation and low social support had a stronger association for selfreported fair or poor health than low household income.CONCLUSIONS: The results indicated that perceived health was associated with socio-economic and social characteristics among middle-aged and elderly residents in Japan.

著者

Dongmei Qiu Michiko Kurosawa Yingsong Lin Yutaka Inaba Tsuyoshi Matsuba Shogo Kikuchi Kiyoko Yagyu Yutaka Motohashi Akiko Tamakoshi

出版者

Japan Epidemiological Association

雑誌

Journal of Epidemiology (ISSN:09175040)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.15, no.Supplement_II, pp.S157-S167, 2005 (Released:2005-08-18)

参考文献数

72

被引用文献数

27 43

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BACKGROUND: The objective of this article was to overview the epidemiology of pancreatic cancer. We summarize the results of the Japan Collaborative Cohort Study (JACC Study) and some previous studies.METHODS: References were mainly in a Medline search through Pub Med database. In addition, 3 papers about the JACC Study were quoted.RESULTS : In the JACC Study, the standardized mortality ratio of pancreatic cancer was 0.97 in females and 0.84 in males. Diabetes mellitus (DM) has increased the risk for pancreatic cancer in many studies. In the JACC Study, DM had a risk for pancreatic cancer in males (hazard ratio = 2.12). Cigarette smoking has been associated with pancreatic cancer in many studies. In the JACC Study, the hazard ratio for current smokers was 1.6 in males, and 1.7 in females. The ratio was 3.3 who smoked 40+ cigarettes/day in males. In the JACC Study, alcohol intake was not associated with pancreatic cancer. These results are consistent with the other studies. Coffee consumption has not been associated with pancreatic cancer in many studies. In the JACC Study, the hazard ratio significantly increased to 3.19 among men who consumed 4+ cups of coffee per day. The relationships between diet /nutrition and pancreatic cancer are not clear in many studies.CONCLUSION: The relation between smoking and pancreatic cancer is most consistently described. A further analysis of the relationships between family history, hormonal factors in females, dietary and nutritional factors, obesity, physical activity and pancreatic cancer is necessary.J Epidemiol 2005; 15: S157-S167.