著者

江本 理恵 後藤 尚人

出版者

北海道大学高等教育推進機構高等教育研究部

雑誌

高等教育ジャーナル : 高等教育と生涯学習 (ISSN:13419374)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.30, pp.75-81, 2023-03

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Iwate University has been operating a portfolio system termed “In Folio” since 2016, which has been serving as the driving force behind the institution's internal quality assurance system of education. It is designed to collect various types of information needed for internal quality assurance, accumulate records pertaining to student learning, and present the status of achievement to students. While establishing this system, discussions were held at the educational program level, including clarifying the relationship between the degree awarding policy and each of the subjects that make up the curriculum. However, discussions regarding improvement are ongoing based on the data. Based on this Iwate University initiative and previous studies, this paper proposes two points of view on building an internal quality assurance system for education: the first is to treat the system as a series of activities for improving university education, including, for example, FD, while the other is to collect and share data as much as possible. We suggest that this will advance discussions on substantive educational improvement strategies.

著者

茂住 和世

出版者

北海道大学高等教育推進機構高等教育研究部

雑誌

高等教育ジャーナル : 高等教育と生涯学習 (ISSN:13419374)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.30, pp.1-15, 2023-03

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This study refers to those students, provisionally called “Jizo”, who are present in group activities but do not (cannot) move autonomously and do not (appear to) contribute to the activities. These “Jizo” students are different from free riders who deliberately avoid work. This study aims to explore these students’ viewpoints and clarify the circumstances that led to their becoming “Jizo”. The interviewees were chosen students from four universities who attended PBL (project based learning) classes in the first semester of their first year. The responses were collected through semi-structured interviews. The data collected indicated that becoming a Jizo was a result of failing at problem-solving and the fact that it was a group activity. The former was due to 1) the inability to comprehend the business issues, and 2) “group thinking”. The latter was seen in situations of 1) staying silent because they can’t help it, 2) a sense of selfperipheralization, 3) avoidance of people they disliked, and 4) withholding power due to annoyance. Situations 1-3 were thought to be due to a lack of psychological safety and the lost feeling of personal causation. In addition to these situations, this study also demonstrated that to encourage active participation without allowing students to become Jizo, it is necessary to consider the phenomenon in which group activities progress without their involvement.

著者

山本 順司 徳永 彩未

出版者

北海道大学高等教育推進機構高等教育研究部

雑誌

高等教育ジャーナル : 高等教育と生涯学習 (ISSN:13419374)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.29, pp.15-23, 2022-03

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We investigated the factors affecting the overall evaluation (satisfaction and learning motivation) of a special subject at Hokkaido University to develop effective measures for improving classes in university education with the aim of cultivating a proactive student attitude toward learning. The findings were subjected to factor analysis, and classified into 4 types (teacher effort, class specifications, student effort, and teacher response). Covariance structure analysis was applied to examine the latent variables affecting the overall evaluation. Satisfaction was affected by the university's attitude, and learning motivation was affected by both the university's and students' attitudes. In other words, satisfaction can be easily improved by the efforts of the university itself, but to improve the learning motivation, it is necessary to stimulate the efforts of the students as well. According to multiple regression analysis, the learning motivation was affected by the degree to which teachers responded to students expressing their motivation, in addition to the enthusiasm of teachers. Therefore, to improve learning motivation, it will be effective for the university to not only provide an environment where students can easily ask questions and express their opinions, but also to continue to respond politely to their questions and opinions.

著者

岩間 徳兼

出版者

北海道大学高等教育推進機構高等教育研究部

雑誌

高等教育ジャーナル : 高等教育と生涯学習 (ISSN:13419374)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.29, pp.121-127, 2022-03

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High schools and secondary schools are major stakeholders in university entrance examinations. In order for the examinations to function properly, it is desirable for those schools and the university to understand each other’s activities and have a good relationship. This time, I planned regular surveys to achieve this. I gave them an interface function for exchanging opinions. In this paper, I report on the preliminary survey and the first main survey conducted in 2021. In the preliminary survey, I checked whether the purpose of main surveys would be acceptable by the school officials and confirmed several points that might cause problems in the implementation of the main surveys. The first main survey was conducted by utilizing the results of the preliminary survey, and no major problems were found in the implementation.

著者

布施 泉

出版者

北海道大学高等教育推進機構高等教育研究部

雑誌

高等教育ジャーナル : 高等教育と生涯学習 (ISSN:13419374)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.29, pp.113-120, 2022-03

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In this paper, we report on the practice of effective online lessons using the learner's program execution history and the web conferencing system. Online lessons aimed at completing tasks for a particular group of learners were performed using a web conferencing system. The teacher's materials were presented to learners. Learners were able to ask questions at any time. It was shown that the teacher could grasp the learner's condition and provide appropriate support by checking the learner's program execution history. In addition, it was shown that the lack of understanding of learners could be effectively pointed out even in a short time by providing opportunities for individual guidance using the web conferencing system. Compared to face-to-face lessons, online lessons in programming based on the execution history of the program can be effective while making clear the understanding status of the learners.

著者

山田 邦雅 宮本 淳 細川 敏幸

出版者

北海道大学高等教育推進機構高等教育研究部

雑誌

高等教育ジャーナル : 高等教育と生涯学習 (ISSN:13419374)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.26, pp.67-76, 2019-04

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Abstract - Institutional Research (IR) in higher education not only gathers information from within the instituiton, but also collects a wide range of data without limitation, connects the with the student ID as a key and adjusts data to a standard among universities. Data gathered via such a policy might be able to reveal new concepts that could not be shown clearly until now. In this paper, we focus on the characteristic patterns of the university students' lifestyles as a concept that has been hard to determine and made an attempt to simulate them using the data. Using IR data of the Universities IR Consortium that includes 40 universities, the universities were divided into 6 types of students. In some combinations of these types, there were large differences in questionnaire results. We ran a simulation to determine unique features of the university using data from Hokkaido University according to a policy in which the characteristics appeared based on reference points of the categories in the university.

著者

細川 敏幸 山田 邦雅 宮本 淳

出版者

北海道大学高等教育推進機構高等教育研究部

雑誌

高等教育ジャーナル (ISSN:13419374)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.27, pp.45-54, 2020-06-23

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Abstract -- Using a questionnaire survey of a university in Japan, we examined whether the College Impact Theory proposed by A. W. Astin in 1993 could hold in Japan. In addition, we clarified what experiences in high school and university affect learning outcomes. The IR data used were the results of a freshman survey, a junior survey, a graduation survey, and a graduate student survey. As a result, it was proved that the college impact theory was applicable even in Japanese universities. In addition, learning styles that contribute to good learning results at universities and the acquisition of competencies after graduation were extracted. Learning behaviors that lead to good results were also revealed in the science major group and humanities major group. Such specific research results make it possible to verify the characteristics of individual universities and are expected to contribute to future educational reform.

著者

石井 治恵

出版者

北海道大学高等教育推進機構高等教育研究部

雑誌

高等教育ジャーナル : 高等教育と生涯学習 (ISSN:13419374)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.26, pp.1-9, 2019-04

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Abstract - In Japan, universities have experienced an increase in the number of students seeking counseling services. While many university counseling centers perceive crisis management to be challenging, the crisis intervention literature only provides scattered evidence of its effectiveness and lacks a comprehensive classification of these interventions, making it difficult for university counseling centers to implement research-informed crisis management policies and plans. This paper presents a classification model of crisis intervention specific to university settings where three factors are displayed along the three axes of a cube. The axes consist of 3 stages of crisis, 3 scales of crisis intervention, and 3 foci of crisis intervention, resulting in 27 categories. Rationales and descriptions for these three axes are provided, followed by a discussion of the limitations and possible contributions of the cubic classification model.

著者

細川 敏幸 山田 邦雅 宮本 淳

出版者

北海道大学高等教育推進機構高等教育研究部

雑誌

高等教育ジャーナル : 高等教育と生涯学習 (ISSN:13419374)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.26, pp.59-65, 2019-04

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Abstract - The questionnaire on learning situations used by the University IR Consortium was introduced by Yamada et al. in 2004 with reference to the Cooperative Institutional Research Program (CIRP) used in the USA. A questionnaire based on the National Survey of Student Engagement (NSSE) used in USA was also introduced in Korea in 2009. The questionnaires (CIRP and NSSE) referred to in both countries have been gradually reorganizad after that, and there are several different parts. In this report, we focus on the CIRP compared with the other three questionnaires, and summarize recent trends in US questionnaire contents. This will assist in future discussions about the contents of student survey questionnaires.

著者

宇田川 拓雄

出版者

北海道大学高等教育推進機構高等教育研究部

雑誌

高等教育ジャーナル : 高等教育と生涯学習 (ISSN:13419374)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.26, pp.25-33, 2019-04

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Abstract - In 2017, the Japanese Goverment announced the plan of the New Policy for Human Development, aiming to reduce inequality and nurture the workforce needed for the development of 21st-century Japan. It includes tuition-free scholarships for low-income families, benefit-type scholarships, and income-linked repayment loans for university students. In contrast, a new, diffirent type of schlarship is in place in some states in the United States. In 2014, Governor Bill Haslam of Tennessee signed the Tennessee Promise Act, and it was implemented in 2015. It is a state scholarship that makes tuition for community colleges free for two years for all the first time students who attend any of the Tennessee community colleges. The completion rate for community colleges is only 25%. Why did the lawmakers decide to spend money on institutions of higher education with such low productivity? The Tennessee Promise has been an immense success and, by March 2018, fifteen states had followed Tennessee and enavted similar Promise-type programs. Today, in Japan, as well as in the United States, more than 50% of 18-yaer-olds attend college or university. We are at the universal stage of Martin Trow's model of higher education. Why free-tuition policies have appeared at this stage of universalization? In this paper, the author analyzes the features of Tennessee's free-tuition scholoarships and tries to explain the meaning of the program using Trow's model.