著者

田島 慎朗

出版者

日本コミュニケーション学会

雑誌

日本コミュニケーション研究 (ISSN:21887721)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.48, no.2, pp.93-111, 2020-05-31 (Released:2020-06-10)

参考文献数

54

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This paper addresses the need for the idea of civility in Japan, specifically when assessing impacts and potential effects of contemporary social movements. In order to make this argument, the paper firstly scrutinizes its history and scholarly discussions of the idea among American communication scholars. Secondly, the paper reviews how the idea has been discussed in post-World War II Japan. As the paper confirms the scarcity of civility literatures in Japanese language, it attempts to excavate the idea of civility discussed in fields of politics and public communication. Thirdly, the paper analyzes two specific social movements in contemporary Japan; mannequin flash mob and jitaku keibi tai [home guards]. By and through the analysis, the paper explores the possibility of these new movements for appealing to the public as well as avoiding criticisms while maintaining civility.

著者

是澤 克哉

出版者

日本コミュニケーション学会

雑誌

スピーチ・コミュニケーション教育 (ISSN:13470663)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.25, pp.153-172, 2012-03-31 (Released:2017-11-30)

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The purposes of this paper are to critically investigate the concept of justice in Japan's debate pedagogy, to revisit the definition of academic debate, and to discuss how debate education can subsume those who do not have the political capital of discourse. Specifically, the paper examines the ideology of "Aoi Shiba no Kai," the national association of people with Cerebral Palsy (CP), as it functioned in Japanese society in the late 1970s. Koichi Yokozuka was one of the most influential intellectuals and opinion leaders of the disability rights, "Aoi Shiba Movement." The author analyzes their famous four-point platform, which provided the theoretical underpinning for the movement, and searches for the intersection between their platform and the values of debate. The paper suggests that we need to revisit the concept of justice in academic debate and to cultivate relations with those who do not have the political capital of discourse through public debating.

著者

塙 幸枝

出版者

日本コミュニケーション学会

雑誌

日本コミュニケーション研究 (ISSN:21887721)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.44, no.2, pp.151-164, 2016-03-31 (Released:2017-01-16)

参考文献数

31

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Abstract. Kyousei, literally“ symbiosis,” or, more figuratively,“ living together in harmony,” is a term that has been used with positive connotations in many contexts in contemporary Japanese society. In particular, phrases such as“ living together in harmony with the disabled,” or“ a society that lives together,” often associate kyousei with welfare for the disabled. This type of use of the word kyousei is also intended to convey a connotation of mutual understanding. However, careful consideration will reveal that hidden in the background of this term is a great ambiguity. That is to say, while on the one hand kyousei possesses a dissimilative tendency to accept differences and diversity, it also has an assimilative tendency to suppress differences and diversity. The purpose of this paper is to clarify circumstances surrounding information accessibility for the hearing disabled in the field of art and entertainment by focusing on the issue of accessibility, which is one of the supporting concepts of kyousei. The subject of study of this paper is the captioning of Japanese comedy performances, which presuppose the sharing of a social code. My analysis reveals that this captioning has problems in terms of both technology and content.

著者

塙 幸枝

出版者

日本コミュニケーション学会

雑誌

日本コミュニケーション研究 (ISSN:21887721)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.46, no.2, pp.151-167, 2018-05-31 (Released:2018-09-01)

参考文献数

22

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The NHK TV program Baribara, which is concerned with the welfare of disabled people, has been broadcast since 2012. This program is significant in that it is critical of social stereotypes of the disabled and their general representation in the media. More importantly, this program uses the form of the “variety show,” supported by elements of laughter, to express this critical stance. In particular, there is the “SHOW-1 Grand Prix,” a comedy performance featuring disability and impairment played by disabled people, which is provocative because the performance includes two aspects of “laughter” and “performing,” raising the issue of the social position of the body of disabled people from a different angle. The purpose of this paper is to clarify how the framework of fiction/real defines both the body and disability by analyzing the performance from the viewpoint of fictionality.

著者

ラミス C. ダグラス

出版者

日本コミュニケーション学会

雑誌

日本コミュニケーション研究 (ISSN:21887721)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.43, no.2, pp.81-87, 2015-03-31 (Released:2017-05-17)

著者

佐藤 学

出版者

日本コミュニケーション学会

雑誌

日本コミュニケーション研究 (ISSN:21887721)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.42, no.Special, pp.7-13, 2014-03-31 (Released:2017-05-17)

被引用文献数

2

著者

塙 幸枝

出版者

日本コミュニケーション学会

雑誌

日本コミュニケーション研究 = Japanese journal of communication studies (ISSN:21887721)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.44, no.2, pp.151-164, 2016

著者

塙 幸枝

出版者

日本コミュニケーション学会

雑誌

日本コミュニケーション研究 (ISSN:21887721)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.43, no.2, pp.109-124, 2015-03-31 (Released:2017-05-17)

参考文献数

21

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Since the inception of film history, disability issues have been treated in a variety of movies. Because there was little understanding of how to communicate with the disabled, until recently films have portrayed disabilities as a condition evoking discrimination, fear, and pity. In recent years, however, films have emerged that present disability as another form of diversity with which we coexist. This has happened due to improved methods of communication. At a glance these portrayals of disability appear to invite the audience to confront disability issues, but in actuality these films fail to acknowledge the variety of types of disabilities. The films are framed within a stereotypical style of communication that is no more than a mechanism used to introduce disabilities in a way that the audience can understand. This paper illustrates the depiction of disabilities in film, discussing the (im) possibility of analyzing these representations in terms of the medical and social models of disability. The paper concludes that the portrayal of disabilities in film is "a problem of communication."

著者

田崎 勝也

出版者

日本コミュニケーション学会

雑誌

日本コミュニケーション研究 (ISSN:21887721)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.49, no.2, pp.101-118, 2021-05-31 (Released:2021-06-23)

参考文献数

31

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This study aims at developing instrumental-consummatory communication scales and testing their validity and reliability by examining higher-order factor structures. Twenty-six items were composed in accordance with the definition offered by Festinger (1950) and related discussions. Through maximum likelihood exploratory factor analyses with promax rotation, after deleting five items that did not satisfy our content validity criteria, 21 items converged into 16 item with four factors, i.e., efficiency-clarity (4 items, α=.82), harmonic influence (3 items, α=.82), thoughts organizing (5 items, α=.88), and catharsis (4 items, α=.84) factors. The first two are considered to be sub-factors of instrumental communication and the latter two are thought to be sub-factors of consummatory communication. A series of confirmatory factor analyses and likelihood ratio tests across nest models showed that the fit of the higher-order solution did not significantly deviate from the first-order solution. Based on the fact that one less freely estimated parameter of the second-order model appropriately accounted for the six correlations among factors of the first-order model, it is concluded that the second-order factor model is more appropriate than the first-order model. In addition to the factorial validity of these scales, convergent and discriminant validity tested with related psychological scales and criterion-related validity hypothesized with gender differences in instrumental/consummatory communication were mostly confirmed.

著者

松本 健太郎

出版者

日本コミュニケーション学会

雑誌

日本コミュニケーション研究 (ISSN:21887721)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.51, no.Special, pp.109-117, 2023-01-31 (Released:2023-02-03)

参考文献数

8

著者

藤巻 光浩

出版者

日本コミュニケーション学会

雑誌

日本コミュニケーション研究 (ISSN:21887721)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.45, no.1, pp.47-70, 2016-11-30 (Released:2017-05-20)

参考文献数

68

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“The Aida Makoto Retrospective” had been held at Mori Museum of Fine Arts, Tokyo, from November 2012 to March 2013. It had been well received by both main-stream media and art circles, while criticized as “hugely infringing on women’s dignity.” It, therefore, ignited classical yet not adequately resolved issues, and thus, caused a controversy; if those works are either pornography or art, and if those inherently cause violent effects on the minors and those who are vulnerable to those effects. Instead of choosing an answer within a given choice, this paper provides a context with the issues by bringing in “museum (of fine arts) as modern institutional medium” through which visibility and meanings of art works are put into effect. Through this analysis and criticism, the issues could be re-situated in such a way that the controversy does not necessarily favor a particular position, namely Art History. In addition, this paper argues that “pornography” has to be regarded as an effect of “museum as modern institutional medium,” complicit with Art History. Thus, a theoretical perspective, informed by this paper, attempts to offer a fresh insight at the issues, thereby allowing a critical moment to emerge for astute audience and critics to engage themselves in communicative praxis.

著者

塙 幸枝

出版者

日本コミュニケーション学会

雑誌

日本コミュニケーション研究 (ISSN:21887721)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.44, no.2, pp.151-164, 2016

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<p><b>Abstract.</b> <i>Kyousei</i>, literally" symbiosis," or, more figuratively," living together in harmony," is a term that has been used with positive connotations in many contexts in contemporary Japanese society. In particular, phrases such as" living together in harmony with the disabled," or" a society that lives together," often associate <i>kyousei</i> with welfare for the disabled. This type of use of the word <i>kyousei</i> is also intended to convey a connotation of mutual understanding. However, careful consideration will reveal that hidden in the background of this term is a great ambiguity. That is to say, while on the one hand <i>kyousei</i> possesses a dissimilative tendency to accept differences and diversity, it also has an assimilative tendency to suppress differences and diversity. The purpose of this paper is to clarify circumstances surrounding information accessibility for the hearing disabled in the field of art and entertainment by focusing on the issue of accessibility, which is one of the supporting concepts of <i>kyousei</i>. The subject of study of this paper is the captioning of Japanese comedy performances, which presuppose the sharing of a social code. My analysis reveals that this captioning has problems in terms of both technology and content.</p>

著者

松本 茂

出版者

日本コミュニケーション学会

雑誌

Speech communication education (ISSN:13470663)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.12, pp.29-41, 1999

著者

吉見 俊哉

出版者

日本コミュニケーション学会

雑誌

ヒューマン・コミュニケーション研究 (ISSN:09137041)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.38, pp.5-17, 2010-03-31 (Released:2017-11-30)

著者

臼井 裕之

出版者

日本コミュニケーション学会

雑誌

スピーチ・コミュニケーション教育 (ISSN:13470663)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.20, pp.59-79, 2007-03-31 (Released:2017-11-30)

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Calls to abandon Japanese in favor of a Western language, particularly English, are not uncommon in the history of modern Japan. These proposals reveal a strong distrust of the Japanese toward their own ethnic language as a communication tool suitable for modern needs. Some have shown a preference for English as a possible alternative to Japanese. This preference is, however, only one side of the linguistic attitude of the Japanese, for others have shown very strong Anglophobia, e.g. wanting to abolish or reduce the teaching of English in Japanese schools. The proponents of such an anti-English policy claim that this language is contaminating "the national spirit" of the Japanese, thereby even threatening the independence of their country. Thus the Japanese exhibit an inferiority complex toward Japanese and an ambivalent relationship toward English : hence these two languages form the crux of an immense social problem of modern Japan. In this respect the proposal of KITA Ikki (1883-1937), "a radical nationalist ideologue" in pre-war Japan, is worthy of attention. In Nihon kaizo hoan taiko (1919/1923, An Outline Plan for the Reorganization of Japan) Kita proposed to replace English with Esperanto as the major foreign language taught in Japanese schools. This policy was not only a simple sign of Anglophobia, but also a preparatory step for the adoption of Esperanto as the official language in the vast territory that would be conquered by Japan. In his view Esperanto was expected to help the Japanese to maintain their dignity as rulers in face of the non-Japanese inhabitants speaking European and other languages ; and eventually all those ethnic languages spoken in the Empire of Japan, including Japanese itself, would be replaced by Esperanto. For Kita Esperanto appeared as a solution not only to a superficially linguistic question but also to the intercultural imbalance caused by the massive impact of the Western civilization in traditionally non-Western parts of the world.

著者

柿田 秀樹

出版者

日本コミュニケーション学会

雑誌

日本コミュニケーション研究 (ISSN:21887721)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.51, no.Special, pp.95-107, 2023-01-31 (Released:2023-02-03)

参考文献数

15

著者

松永 正樹

出版者

日本コミュニケーション学会

雑誌

日本コミュニケーション研究 (ISSN:21887721)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.42, no.Special, pp.51-78, 2014-03-31 (Released:2017-05-17)

参考文献数

96

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This paper reports two studies on the sexual risk of female victims of bullying in Japan and the effects of supportive communication for them. Study 1 utilized the survey data collected from 182 Japanese undergraduates and explored the associations among bullying, support, and sexual risk. Latent profile analysis (LPA) detected five distinct profiles of victims and non-victims. LPA also revealed that the victims who had received less support had higher sexual risk (i.e., earlier sexual debut and a larger number of sexual partners), whereas the type of bullying made little differences. Study 2 utilized the online survey data collected from unmarried female full-timers working at companies in Japan (N=439) and examined a mediational model wherein victims' avoidant-coping tendency and communication efficacy mediate the effects of bullying and social support on sexual risk. Victims' sexual risk was operationalized by their lifetime number of sexual partners, the experience of unplanned sex, and the experience of unprotected sex. SEM revealed that: (a) bullying was positively associated with avoidant-coping tendency and negatively with communication efficacy; (b) stronger avoidant-coping tendency and weaker communication efficacy were associated with higher sexual risk (i.e., a larger number of sexual partners, higher likelihoods of having had an unplanned sex and/or an unprotected sex); and (c) social support showed protective effects to reduce sexual risk, both directly and indirectly (via mediation by the two psychological factors). These results were discussed with reference to the literature on bullying and victims' readjustment. Theoretical speculations about the mechanism underlying the effects of bullying and support were presented in regards to the structure of the bullying phenomenon, reappraisal-based theory of social support, and the importance of the communicative environment surrounding bullied victims. Practical implications and limitations of the current research, as well as the directions for future studies, were also discussed.

著者

林 香里

出版者

日本コミュニケーション学会

雑誌

日本コミュニケーション研究 (ISSN:21887721)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.44, no.2, pp.121-133, 2016-03-31 (Released:2017-01-16)

参考文献数

15

著者

松永 正樹

出版者

日本コミュニケーション学会

雑誌

ヒューマン・コミュニケーション研究 (ISSN:09137041)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.41, pp.39-68, 2013-03-31 (Released:2017-11-30)

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Despite the vast literature on employee "voice" -a set of organizational behaviors to speak up with intentions to improve one's work processes-the communicative features and underlying structure of "voice" behaviors have yet to be explored. Previous studies focus on whether organizational members speak up, leaving the issue of how they communicate "voice" unattended. Additionally, extant research overly highlights rational decision-making; consequently, theorizing about relationally-centered decision-making processes regarding "voice" is lacking. To address those limitations, the current research analyzed the data collected from 539 full-timers in Japan. The first part of the study utilizing the latent profile analyses identified five distinct "voice" strategies. Those analyses revealed that direct communication is rather atypical, and many utilize indirect strategies. In the second part, the underlying structure of "voice" was examined using multi-level structural equation modeling. The results indicated that: (a) employees' attitudes and subjective norms as well as leader-member exchange (LMX), but not communication efficacy, are associated with "voice" intentions; (b) LMX's effects are partially mediated via psychological factors; and (c) group-level LMX differentiation demonstrated explanatory power above and beyond the individual-level predictors. These results are discussed with reference to the relevant literature along with the current research's limitations and future directions.

著者

中川 洋子

出版者

日本コミュニケーション学会

雑誌

Speech communication education (ISSN:13470663)

巻号頁・発行日

no.24, pp.83-103, 2011-03-31