著者

青柳 周一(評) 谷上 亜紀(評)

出版者

滋賀大学経済学会

雑誌

彦根論叢 (ISSN:03875989)

巻号頁・発行日

no.406, pp.132-134, 2015-12

著者

酒居 叡二

出版者

滋賀大学経済学会

雑誌

彦根論叢ガイダンス特集 (ISSN:03878856)

巻号頁・発行日

no.6, pp.49-61, 1984-04

著者

酒井 泰弘

出版者

滋賀大学経済学会

雑誌

彦根論叢 (ISSN:03875989)

巻号頁・発行日

no.398, pp.50-69, 2013-12

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The main purpose of this paper is to criticallydiscuss and lucidly compare J. M. Keynes (1883-1946) and F. H. Knight (1886-1972), two towering figures in the history of economic thought. It is in 1921 that they both published apparently similar books on risk, probability and uncertainty. While Knight' contribution on the economics of risk and uncertainty has been well-known and very influential in the economics profession, Keynes'accomplishments on probability and uncertainty have been more or less underestimated in the dark shadow of his most famous book (1936) The General Theory of Unemployment, Interest and Money.The present paper aims to focus on an earlieryet equally important book (1921) A Treatise onProbability, hopefully shedding a new light onhis outstanding ideas and everlasting influenceson his later works including The General Theory.According to Keynes, many probabilities, which are incapable of numerical measurement, can be placed nevertheless between numerical upper and lower limits. Keynes has demonstrated whether and to what extent animal spirits contributes to the working and performance of the market economy. Remarkably, Keynes' concept of probability and uncertainty can be well-compared to Knight's distinction between a measurable risk and a non-measurable uncertainty. I believe that it is high time for us to unify Keynes and Knight into a new,comprehensive approach to very complex human behavior.

著者

菊地 利奈

出版者

滋賀大学経済学会

雑誌

彦根論叢 (ISSN:03875989)

巻号頁・発行日

no.393, pp.18-36, 2012

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This paper discusses the impact and significanceof the "first person confessional narrative" in the literary genre called kanso (confessional remarks), which was a popular literary device by women pioneer writers of Japan in the 1920s and 30s. My focus is on Ikuta Hanayo (1888-1970) and one of her kanso, "Fragments of ménage à trois" ("Sankaku kankei no ittan yori"), which was initially published in the newly founded women's literary journal for women by women, Women's Arts(Nyojin Geijutsu) in 1928 as a piece of kansowritings, and was then published as a piece offiction in her collection in 1929.Hanayo wrote many kanso writings with feministic insights, but "Fragments of ménage à trois" is especially crucial because it suggests a possibility of kanso, which is thought to be anon-fiction piece of work, to be paradoxicallyread as a piece of fiction. It demonstrated thatpersonal remarks of a woman's own (rater miserable) experience in her suppressed life could be a literary theme.The paper first discusses the social and literarybackgrounds of Hanayo's kanso writings published prior to "Fragments of ménage à trois" and analyses the self-image of Hanayo illustratedin these non-fiction writing s.Secondly, it analyses the literary devices, whichHanayo uses in "Fragments of ménage à trois"to be read as a piece of creative writings. In conclusion, the paper suggests the importanceof reassessing these largely forgotten pioneerwomen's writings even if their literary attemptsare not always successful, because their literarychallenges, as a result, apparently encouragedmore women writings to be followed and to bemore successful in the generations to come.

著者

野瀬 昌彦

出版者

滋賀大学経済学会

雑誌

彦根論叢 (ISSN:03875989)

巻号頁・発行日

no.第401号, pp.20-33, 2014-09

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Amele is a Trans-New Guinean languagespoken in Madang Province, Papua New Guinea.Amele has a strict subject–object–verbword order and rich verbal and nominal morphology.Roberts (1987) has already describedthe grammar of Amele based on the Haia dialect.His description is exhaustive, but thealternations of intransitive or transitive verbshave not been explained adequately, and thereis room for further examination. Moreover, hisresearch was conducted in the 1980s, and it ispossible that Amele has undergone changes inits grammatical properties from then on. Theauthor of this paper visited an Amele-speakingarea in 2006, and then started describing itsgrammar based on the Huar dialect. The authorhad already found several differencesbetween the Haia and Huar dialects in phonology,morphology and usages of discourse.This study examined verbal transitivity (i.e.,alternations of intransitive and transitive verbs)in Amele based on interviews and questionnairesto speakers of the Huar dialect. During2012–2013, this research was conducted by usinga questionnaire of 18 verbs from Nichols etal.’s (2004) list. They claimed that the sampleof 18 verbs can be classified as transitivizing, intransitivizing,neutral, and indeterminate types.For example, English “laugh” shows the transitivityalternation, i.e., intransitive “laugh” andtransitive (causative) “make laugh.” In this case,the verb “laugh” is transitivizing. Another verbpair, “die” and “kill,” are in lexical alternation,and they are realized in verb alternation by suppletion.Such suppletion is classified as anindeterminate type. This study examines Nicholset al.’s (2004) verb list in Amele, resulting inthe discovery of semantic orientations of verbalternations in Amele.First, Amele has many indeterminate-typeverbs, and some verbs such as “die” and “kill”have lexical alternations, and other verbs areambitransitive, formally identical in both intransitiveand transitive forms. Second, Ameledoes not have an intransitivizing type, as far asthe sample 18 verbs are concerned.Finally, this study claims that Amele does notappear to have an intransitivizing orientation,and the relations between intransitive and transitiveare realized using causative verb(s),identical (ambitransitive) forms, or lexical suppletion.Conversely, this study found that thereis a partial lack or omission of verbal inflections,particularly tense forms, person, andnumber, due to the oral investigation and spokendiscourse.

著者

小川 功

出版者

滋賀大学経済学会

雑誌

彦根論叢 (ISSN:03875989)

巻号頁・発行日

no.第396号, pp.24-37, 2013-06

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Japan has a tradition called koh, or group trips for religious purposes, which started before the early modern period. After the country’s school system was established in the early Meiji period around 1870, educational group trips started to be offered in the form of excursions and school trips. Moreover, a number of travel enthusiasts got together and formed tourist clubs simply to enjoy traveling together. Such clubs were common and active before World War II. This paper will take a close look at the original structures and styles of clubs established during the Meiji period and often called sightseeing clubs. Founders of such groups in large cities such as Kyoto, Tokyo, Osaka and Kobe, purposes and themes of their trips, and relationships between the clubs’ local characteristics and nature of trips planned were examined. Relationships between club founders’ hospitality and their activities were studied, with the main focus on the oldest of the groups -- Kyoto Sightseeing Club, whose activities were traceable to a certain degree. There are significant differences between the tourism design of the Kyoto club and that of its Kobe counterpart that can be attributed to regional characteristics : Kyoto is full of ancient temples and shrines, while Kobe is surrounded by mountains. Yet, the nature of founders as tourism designers had a larger influence on each club’s direction. A Tokyo club organized by students preferred adventurous trips. One in Osaka was founded by cartographers and thus often went on trips associated with a map. They often built monuments in commemoration of surveies they conducted. Activities of many of these organizations were limited, due to the personal circumstances of their founders, and they were designed for personal pleasure rather than business purposes. Thus, most of the clubs did not develop into established businesses or professional travel agencies.

著者

小倉 榮一郎

出版者

滋賀大学経済学会

雑誌

彦根論叢 (ISSN:03875989)

巻号頁・発行日

no.第198・199号, pp.1-20, 1979-12

著者

菊地 利奈

出版者

滋賀大学経済学会

雑誌

彦根論叢 (ISSN:03875989)

巻号頁・発行日

no.第416号, pp.36-47, 2018-05

著者

森 將豪

出版者

滋賀大学経済学会

雑誌

彦根論叢 (ISSN:03875989)

巻号頁・発行日

no.第313号, pp.19-39, 1998-06

著者

滋賀大学 経済学会

出版者

滋賀大学経済学会

雑誌

彦根論叢 (ISSN:03875989)

巻号頁・発行日

no.第298号, pp.141-146, 1995-11

著者

上村 雅洋

出版者

滋賀大学経済学会

雑誌

彦根論叢 (ISSN:03875989)

巻号頁・発行日

no.第255・256号, pp.281-296, 1989-01

著者

水原 正亨

出版者

滋賀大学経済学会

雑誌

彦根論叢

巻号頁・発行日

no.第164・165号・人文科学特集第30号合併, pp.241-254, 1973-11

著者

能登 真規子

出版者

滋賀大学経済学会

雑誌

彦根論叢 (ISSN:03875989)

巻号頁・発行日

no.404, pp.46-63, 2015

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This paper studied the reality of the fidelityguarantee (Mimoto-Hosho) in Japan based onempirical research.In 2012, a questionnaire survey of Japanesecompanies on the fidelity guarantee was conductedwith a questionnaire sent out to 3,545listed companies and 4,313 non-listed companies.Among the 7,858 companies, a total of 925companies returned the questionnaire on time.Part (6) of the paper analyzed three questionsfrom the questionnaire.No. 21: What kind of role does your companyexpect of fidelity guarantors?No. 22: Do you consider that the fidelityguarantee contract should be treated asan invalid contract?No. 23: For whom can you sign a fidelityguarantee contract?About half of the companies expected theguarantor to play the role of a moral guide preventingillegal acts by the employee, to act asjoint surety to pay for damages by the employee,and to be a contact person in case ofemergency. A little less than 20% of the companiesdidn't expect the guarantors to act as jointsurety. Every company had different and mixedexpectations for the contract.About the validity of the fidelity guaranteecontract, 44.9% of the persons in charge atcompanies replied that they couldn't decide theanswer, and 33.6% of them answered that it isbetter to keep the status quo. In contrast,20.4% were of the opinion that the contractshould be invalidated.In many cases, the family of the employee becomesthe fidelity guarantor. In such cases, theperson cannot say no easily when asked to be afidelity guarantor for a family member. Moreover,they rarely have a clear understanding ofthe obligations of the fidelity guarantee contract.Therefore, they are substantially restrictedfrom the freedom of contract.This work was supported by JSPS Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (KAKENHI)Grant Number 23730088, 26380112.

著者

小西 中和

出版者

滋賀大学経済学会

雑誌

彦根論叢 = The Hikone Ronso (ISSN:03875989)

巻号頁・発行日

no.第417号, pp.82-97, 2018-09

著者

岡部 昭二

出版者

滋賀大学経済学会

雑誌

彦根論叢 (ISSN:03875989)

巻号頁・発行日

no.162, pp.165-185, 1973-08

著者

清水 哲雄

出版者

滋賀大学経済学会

雑誌

彦根論叢 (ISSN:03875989)

巻号頁・発行日

no.189, pp.p19-37, 1978-03

著者

家森 信善

出版者

滋賀大学経済学会

雑誌

彦根論叢 (ISSN:03875989)

巻号頁・発行日

no.390, pp.34-49, 2011

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This paper analyzes commodity investmenttrusts and commodity Exchange Traded Funds(ETFs) as methods for investing in commodities,which are expected to be important toolsfor individual investors who wish to participatein commodity investments. The "Financial BigBang" reforms initiated by Prime MinisterRyutaro Hashimoto during the latter half ofthe 1990s substantially changed the Japanese financialsystem, which had been strictly regulated. However, more than 50% of Japanesehouseholds' financial assets are still cashand bank deposits, and the ratio of risky assetsin households' portfolios remains low. Onereason that households hold few risky assets isthat individual investors do not feel they haveenough knowledge to risk their money on suchinvestments. Therefore, collective investmentvehicles such as investment trusts, which allow individual investors to hold risky assets withoutextensive knowledge, are expected to playan important role in the future. Among commodityinvestments, commodity investmenttrusts and ETFs seem most promising. Thanksto substantial deregulation, the listing of variousETFs became possible in the early 2000s.Initially, all ETFs were linked to certain kindsof stock indexes, such as Nikkei 225 andTOPIX. Gradually, new types of ETFs, whichare linked to indexes or prices of non-stock asse ts , have be en introduc ed. The f ir st commodity ETF in Japan, linked to the priceof gold in London, was offered in August 2007.Soon, other commodity ETFs followed. Today,thirty commodity ETFs are listed on the TokyoStock Exchange and the Osaka SecuritiesExchange. However, this paper finds that manycommodity ETFs are thinly traded. Therefore,we need to implement policies as soon as possibleto encourage Japanese investors toparticipate in the commodity ETF market. Encouragingmore commodity ETF transactionsmay also lead to active arbitrages between ETF markets and commodity future markets.This paper analyzes commodity investment trusts and commodity Exchange Traded Funds (ETFs) as methods for investing in commodities, which are expected to be important tools for individual investors who wish to participate in commodity investments. The "Financial Big Bang" reforms initiated by Prime Minister Ryutaro Hashimoto during the latter half of the 1990s substantially changed the Japanese financial system, which had been strictly regulated. However, more than 50% of Japanese households' financial assets are still cash and bank deposits, and the ratio of risky assets in households' portfolios remains low. One reason that households hold few risky assets is that individual investors do not feel they have enough knowledge to risk their money on such investments. Therefore, collective investmentvehicles such as investment trusts, which allowindividual investors to hold risky assets withoutextensive knowledge, are expected to play an important role in the future. Among commodityinvestments, commodity investment trusts and ETFs seem most promising. Thanks to substantial deregulation, the listing of various ETFs became possible in the early 2000s. Initially, all ETFs were linked to certain kinds of stock indexes, such as Nikkei 225 and TOPIX. Gradually, new types of ETFs, which are linked to indexes or prices of non-stock assets, have been introduced. The first commodity ETF in Japan, linked to the price of gold in London, was offered in August 2007. Soon, other commodity ETFs followed. Today,thirty commodity ETFs are listed on the Tokyo Stock Exchange and the Osaka Securities Exchange. However, this paper finds that many commodity ETFs are thinly traded. Therefore, we need to implement policies as soon as possible to encourage Japanese investors to participate in the commodity ETF market. Encouraging more commodity ETF transactions may also lead to active arbitrages between ETF markets and commodity future markets.

著者

金子 孝吉

出版者

滋賀大学経済学会

雑誌

彦根論叢 (ISSN:03875989)

巻号頁・発行日

no.367, pp.137-153, 2007-07

著者

金子 孝吉

出版者

滋賀大学経済学会

雑誌

彦根論叢 (ISSN:03875989)

巻号頁・発行日

no.368, pp.65-80, 2007-09

著者

原田 敏丸

出版者

滋賀大学経済学会

雑誌

彦根論叢人文科学特集 (ISSN:0018182X)

巻号頁・発行日

no.19, pp.20-31, 1967-03