著者

秋篠宮 悠仁 飯島 健 清 拓哉

出版者

独立行政法人 国立科学博物館

雑誌

国立科学博物館研究報告A類(動物学) (ISSN:18819052)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.49, no.4, pp.129-153, 2023-11-22 (Released:2023-11-22)

参考文献数

13

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Faunal survey of dragonflies and damselflies in the Akasaka Imperial Garden, Tokyo, was conducted during 2012 to 2022, and recorded a total amount of 38 species including some species possibly occasionally came from outside (e.g. Anotogaster sieboldii). Previous study from 2002 to 2004 by Saitô et al., (2005) reported 24 Odonata species from the garden. In comparative with this record, additional 16 species are newly recorded by our survey but two species were not re-observed. Almost all the recorded species are lentic ones. It would be caused by the scarcity of lotic environment in the garden. A total of 12 threatened species ranked in the red list concerned with the biota of Tokyo (Natural Environment Division, Bureau of Environment, Tokyo Metropolitan Government, 2023) is found. This result could be one of rationales for the continued preservation of the Akasaka Imperial Garden, one of precious urban greens in the Tokyo metropolitan area.

著者

川田 伸一郎 小森日 菜子 郡司 芽久

出版者

独立行政法人 国立科学博物館

雑誌

国立科学博物館研究報告A類(動物学) (ISSN:18819052)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.49, no.2, pp.81-95, 2023-05-22 (Released:2023-05-22)

参考文献数

32

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Information on specimens of the giraffe, Giraffa camelopardalis, dating from the Meiji era in Japan, is reviewed based on a literature survey. The first giraffe specimen was a mounted skin imported by Yoshio Tanaka, obtained at the Centennial World Exposition in Philadelphia, USA. This specimen was exhibited at the Imperial Museum in Tokyo until 1910. It was subsequently moved to the Tokyo Women’s Higher Normal School (presently Ochanomizu University), and then lost. We found several photographs and drawings estimated to be of this specimen in popular magazines and digital archives of the museums. The first live giraffes in Japan were a pair provided by German animal dealer, Carl Hagenbeck, to Ueno Zoo in 1907. This female and male pair of giraffes died the following year, and their skins and skeletons were preserved and mounted. Our survey also found several reports about these two individuals after their deaths in several popular magazines, books, and newspapers. This paper presents a summary of the events clarified to date, including these specimens’ condition, and discusses them in the context of the history of Japanese museums.

著者

小森 日菜子 小林 さやか 川田 伸一郎

出版者

独立行政法人 国立科学博物館

雑誌

国立科学博物館研究報告A類(動物学) (ISSN:18819052)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.50, no.1, pp.33-48, 2024-02-22 (Released:2024-02-22)

参考文献数

65

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A mounted skin of unknown species belonging to genus Canis deposited in the National Museum of Nature and Science, Tokyo (NSMT) is certificated morphologically and bibliographically. The specimen label is described as ‘a kind of Yamainu’ and M831 of the Tokyo Imperial Household Museum collection, while the specimen catalog says that M831 was derived from an individual kept at Ueno Zoo and that it was disposed of after. This specimen seemed to be confused with another one. So, we examined the morphological characteristics of this specimen and traced the history of Canis sp. specimens of the Tokyo Imperial Household Museum collection and Canis sp. kept at Ueno Zoo. As a result, measurements of this mounted skin were reasonable to be within the range of specimens previously identified as Japanese wolves. We confirmed that this specimen is correctly labeled as M831. This specimen M831 was considered to be one of two wolves that arrived at Ueno Zoo from Iwate Prefecture, Japan, in 1888. Therefore, it is thought that this specimen is a Japanese wolf. This study may have revealed a new Japanese wolf skin specimen that had previously been overlooked.

著者

菱木 風花

出版者

独立行政法人 国立科学博物館

雑誌

国立科学博物館研究報告E類(理工学) (ISSN:18819095)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.45, pp.1-11, 2022-12-23 (Released:2022-12-27)

参考文献数

40

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This paper aims to reexamine the theoretical methods employed by the physicist Hantaro Nagaoka (1865–1950) for earthquake studies from the 1900s through the 1920s by conducting an in-depth analysis of his academic papers. He used two theoretical methods for earthquake studies. One used the principle of elasticity studies against the background of the current that succeeded in France in the first half of the 19th century. The other defined potential functions and explained phenomena from continuous equations of the nature of waves against the background of new currents that emerged in Britain or Germany from the mid-19th century onwards. The differences between these methods were not related to his research subjects or the timing of his research activities. He tried to understand and explain local natural disaster phenomena such as earthquakes through both kinds of theoretical methods.

著者

有賀 暢迪

出版者

独立行政法人 国立科学博物館

雑誌

国立科学博物館研究報告E類(理工学) (ISSN:18819095)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.45, pp.13-16, 2022-12-23 (Released:2022-12-27)

参考文献数

2

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In the summer of 2022, the National Museum of Nature and Science, Tokyo, held a special exhibition “Various Stories from Artifacts of Scientific, Technological, & Natural History.” It was based on a preceding “integrated research” project running from FY2016 through FY2020. The present report provides a brief description of, as a part of the exhibition, the displayed objects that were related to KAMIOKANDE, the large-scale experimental facility best known for neutrino studies. It also mentions other KAMIOKANDE-related materials included in the permanent exhibition.

著者

川田 伸一郎 下稲葉 さやか 平田 逸俊

出版者

独立行政法人 国立科学博物館

雑誌

国立科学博物館研究報告A類(動物学) (ISSN:18819052)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.48, no.2, pp.97-118, 2022-05-20 (Released:2022-05-20)

参考文献数

62

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Rokuro Nagasawa was a student in University of Tokyo under Professor Isao Ijima. He was involved in editing a zoological magazine named “Dobutsugaku Zasshi”, then the official journal of the Zoological Society of Tokyo, but his subsequent life is not well documented. We conducted bibliographic surveys to evaluate Nagasawa’s achievements. He entered the University of Tokyo in 1907 and was in charge of editing “Dobutsugaku Zasshi” from 1911 to 1917. After that, he suddenly disappeared from the Zoological Society of Tokyo and moved to Vancouver, where he worked as an editor-in-chief of Japanese newspapers. He wrote many newspaper articles under the pen name of “Nanbokusei”. Prior to moving to Canada, he also wrote under the pen name of “N.S. Sei”. He returned to Japan before World War II, and worked as a high school teacher in Kyoto. He then moved to Hyogo prefecture and wrote and edited the local history of the area.

著者

Akihiko Shinohara Yu Kato

出版者

独立行政法人 国立科学博物館

雑誌

国立科学博物館研究報告A類(動物学) (ISSN:18819052)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.49, no.4, pp.155-159, 2023-11-22 (Released:2023-11-22)

参考文献数

11

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Based on the material obtained in Kôshû City, Yamanashi Prefecture, Honshu, observations on the oviposition and results of the rearing experiments of Pamphilius benesi Shinohara, 1985, are presented, the life history of this sawfly is outlined, and the immature stages and the larval leaf-rolls are briefly described and illustrated.

著者

沓名 貴彦

出版者

独立行政法人 国立科学博物館

雑誌

国立科学博物館研究報告E類(理工学) (ISSN:18819095)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.44, pp.17-27, 2021-12-24 (Released:2023-02-09)

参考文献数

9

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Iwabitsu Castle Ruins in Higashi-Agatsuma-machi, Agatsuma-gun, Gunma Prefecture, is famous as mountaintop castle built by the Sanada clan in the Sengoku period, Japan. Two crucibles and four copper ingots excavated from the main bailey were investigated by non-destructive analysis using X-ray Radiography and X-ray Fluorescence Spectroscopy (XRF). As a result, we were found that one of the two crucibles was used for melting gold and another for melting bronze. As there were no impurities around the gold particle that could have been derived from gold ore, this consequence indicates that at placer gold was used. And, ingot’s materials were showed that three were bronze and one was pure copper by XRF. Also, adhesion of zinc was detected on all crucibles and one bronze ingot. In the crucible, zinc was attached in dots, and copper was not strongly detected in the same point. On the other hand, bronze ingot was showed that zinc was diffusely adhered. These results are suggested that brass was made from zinc metal or zinc mineral at the metal workshop where crucibles and copper ingots were used at that time. Therefore, we reveal that the existence of metal workshop utilizing gold and copper alloys such as bronze and brass in the main bailey of a mountaintop castle in the Sengoku period, for the first time in Japan.

著者

Masatsune Takeda Hironori Komatsu

出版者

独立行政法人 国立科学博物館

雑誌

国立科学博物館研究報告A類(動物学) (ISSN:18819052)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.49, no.4, pp.161-178, 2023-11-22 (Released:2023-11-22)

参考文献数

92

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The known crab species of the Ogasawara (= Bonin) Islands, Tokyo, Japan, are updated, with the literature and localities concerned. In Table 1 are the definitely identified 314 species from the three island groups, Muko-jima (= Keetaa I.), Chichi-jima (= Peel I.) and Haha-jima (= Coffin I.) Groups, and also, 35 species from the southernmost Iwo-jima (= Sulhur I.) Group, and two solitary islands, Nishino-shima (= Rosario) Island and Okino-Torishima (= Parece Veta) Island are listed in Table 2. Otherwise, in Table 3, the deep-sea 10 species reported from the seamounts off the Ogasawara Islands are listed. Eight of 35 species (in Table 2) and 4 of 10 species (in Table 3) are unrecorded from three main island groups, and thus a total of 326 species are known from the sea around the Ogasawara Islands.