著者

Merryana ADRIANI Vella I. P. DIARRY Rizky ABDULAH Bambang WIRJATMADI

出版者

Center for Academic Publications Japan

雑誌

Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology (ISSN:03014800)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.61, no.4, pp.322-325, 2015 (Released:2015-10-06)

参考文献数

22

被引用文献数

1 1

---

The Indonesian Ministry of Health has predicted that the national prevalence of hypertension in Indonesia may reach 26.5% in 2013. Increasing age, stress, lack of physical activity, obesity and passive smoking are known to be risk factors of hypertension. In women over 50 y, hormonal changes that occur post-menopause may also increase the risk of hypertension and other vascular diseases. Antioxidant precursors, such as selenium, however, are known to provide protection against the development of several oxidative stress-related diseases, including hypertension. To prove the hypothesis, we compared the levels of consumption of selenium in hypertensive and normotensive post-menopausal women. An observational comparative study with cross-sectional design was conducted in groups of post-menopausal women with hypertension and those who are normotensive. Structured interviews and food recall of 2×24 h were used to determine the level of consumption, and the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS) questionnaire was used to measure the level of stress. The result suggests a significant difference in the levels of selenium intake between the normotensive and hypertensive groups (p=0.008). Furthermore, the passive smoking and stress levels of the hypertensive group were significantly higher than those of the normotensive group. These result support the hypothesis that selenium may play a protective role in vascular disease.

著者

佐藤 隆一郎 野口 忠 内藤 博

出版者

Center for Academic Publications Japan

雑誌

Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology (ISSN:03014800)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.32, no.1, pp.67-76, 1986 (Released:2009-04-28)

参考文献数

20

被引用文献数

126 201

---

A casein phosphopeptide (CPP) was prepared from β-casein of cow's milk and the effect of this peptide on the absorption of calcium from a ligated segment of rat small intestine was investigated. CPP injected into a ligated loop of rat small intestine enhanced absorption of calcium from the loop and augmented the deposition of calcium in the femur. Furthermore, CPP inhibited the precipitation of calcium phos-phate in vitro, suggesting that this peptide enhances calcium absorption from the small intestinal lumen by increasing the concentration of soluble calcium. This new evidence confirms our previous hypothesis that CPP is an important factor in raising the availability of calcium in milk.

著者

Akiko NAKAMOTO Emi SHUTO Rie TSUTSUMI Mariko NAKAMOTO Yoshitaka NII Tohru SAKAI

出版者

Center for Academic Publications Japan

雑誌

Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology (ISSN:03014800)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.61, no.2, pp.147-153, 2015 (Released:2015-06-08)

参考文献数

38

被引用文献数

2 10

---

Oral tolerance is a phenomenon of induction of systemic unresponsiveness to antigens ingested by the oral route and loss of immune response. Studies have shown the importance of vitamin A in oral tolerance in vitro but not in an in vivo experimental model. Therefore, we carried out experiments to determine how vitamin A deficiency affects tolerance induction and the ability of mesenteric lymph node (MLN) CD11c+ cells to induce regulatory T cells (Tregs). Immunological tolerance was induced by oral ovalbumin (OVA) administration in vitamin A-sufficient mice. OVA-specific antibody and cytokine production were significantly reduced. On the other hand, in vitamin A-deficient mice, both OVA-specific antibody and cytokine production were not suppressed by oral OVA administration. Regarding induction of Tregs, the conversion rate of Foxp3+ cells from naïve CD4+ cell by CD11c+ cells was decreased in vitamin A-deficient mice. Our study indicates that vitamin A deficiency causes the breakdown of oral tolerance in vivo.

著者

Noriko KOITAYA Junko EZAKI Mamoru NISHIMUTA Jun YAMAUCHI Erika HASHIZUME Koji MORISHITA Motohiko MIYACHI Satoshi SASAKI Yoshiko ISHIMI

出版者

Center for Academic Publications Japan

雑誌

Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology (ISSN:03014800)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.55, no.1, pp.15-21, 2009 (Released:2009-04-07)

参考文献数

32

被引用文献数

6 23

---

It has been reported that treatment with a pharmacological dose (45 mg/d) of menaquinone-4 (MK-4) prevents bone loss in postmenopausal women. However, it is not known whether supplementation with low dose MK-4 has beneficial effects on bone metabolism in healthy women. The aim of this study is to examine the effects of the supplementation of 1.5 mg/d MK-4 for 4 wk on bone and lipid metabolism in healthy postmenopausal Japanese women. The study was performed as a randomized double blind placebo-controlled trial. The participants aged 53-65 y were randomly assigned to 2 groups and supplemented with 1.5 mg/d of MK-4 or a placebo for 4 wk (n=20 for each group). The most marked effects of MK-4 intake were observed on serum osteocalcin (OC) concentrations. Serum undercarboxylated OC (ucOC) concentration decreased, and the γ-carboxylated OC (GlaOC) and GlaOC/GlaOC+ucOC ratio that indicates the degree of OC γ-carboxylation increased significantly at 2 and 4 wk compared with that at baseline in the MK-4 group. The serum ucOC and GlaOC concentrations in the MK-4 group were significantly different from those in the placebo group at 2 wk. These results suggest that supplementation with 1.5 mg/d MK-4 accelerated the degree of OC γ-carboxylation. The concentrations of serum lipids and other indices were not different between the groups at either intervention period. Thus, the additional intake of MK-4 might be beneficial in the maintenance of bone health in postmenopausal Japanese women.

著者

Thi Nhung BUI Thi Hop LE Do Huy NGUYEN Quang Binh TRAN Thi Lam NGUYEN Danh Tuyen LE Do Van Anh NGUYEN Anh Linh VU Hiromichi AOTO Yasuhide OKUHARA Yukihiko ITO Shigeru YAMAMOTO Mitsuo KISE

出版者

Center for Academic Publications Japan

雑誌

Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology (ISSN:03014800)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.60, no.3, pp.183-187, 2014 (Released:2014-07-30)

参考文献数

35

被引用文献数

3 36 7

---

We have reported that newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) patients in Vietnam have a low body mass index (BMI) of around 23 and that the major factor for this is high white rice (WR) intake. Brown rice (BR) is known to be beneficial in the control of blood glucose levels; however, it has the property of unpleasant palatability. Pre-germinated brown rice (PGBR) is slightly germinated by soaking BR in water as this reduces the hardness of BR and makes it easier to eat. This study was designed to evaluate the effect of a 4-mo PGBR administration on various parameters in Vietnamese women aged 45-65 y with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT). Sixty subjects were divided into a WR or PGBR group. For the first 2 wk, WR was replaced by 50% PGBR, then for 2 wk by 75% PGBR and from the second month 100%. Before the beginning of the study and at the end of the study, 1) anthropometric measurements, 2) a nutrition survey for 3 nonconsecutive days by the 24 h recall method and 3) blood biochemical examinations were conducted. Fasting plasma concentrations of glucose and lipids and the obesity-related measurements and blood pressure were favorably improved only in the PGBR diet group. The present results suggest that replacing WR with PGBR for 4 mo may be useful in controlling body weight as well as blood glucose and lipid levels in Vietnamese women with IGT.

著者

Yoko INAI Yuriko OHTA Morimitsu NISHIKIMI

出版者

Center for Academic Publications Japan

雑誌

Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology (ISSN:03014800)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.49, no.5, pp.315-319, 2003 (Released:2009-04-28)

参考文献数

16

被引用文献数

10 17

---

L-Gulono-γ-lactone oxidase (GULO), which catalyzes the last step of ascorbic acid biosynthesis, is missing in humans. The whole structure of the human gene homologue for this enzyme was disclosed by a computer-assisted search. Only five exons, as compared to 12 exons constituting the functional rat GULO gene, remain in the human genome. A comparison of these exons with those of their functional counterparts in rat showed that there are two single nucleotide deletions, one triple nucleotide deletion, and one single nucleotide insertion in the human sequence. When compared in terms of colons, the human sequence has a deletion of a single amino acid, two stop colons, and two aberrant colons missing one nucleotide besides many amino acid substitutions. A comparison of the remaining human exon sequences with the corresponding sequences of the guinea pig nonfunctional GULO gene revealed that the same substitutions from rats to both species occurred at a large number of nucleotide positions. From analyses of the molecular evolution of Alu sequences in the human GULO gene homologue, it is thought that two Alu sequences were inserted in the vicinity of a presumed position of lost exon 11 during the same period as GULO lost its function. It is predicted that six LINE-1 sequences located in and near the gene homologue were inserted not during that period.

著者

Yuriko Oi-KANO Teruo KAWADA Tatsuo WATANABE Fumihiro KOYAMA Kenichi WATANABE Reijirou SENBONGI Kazuo IWAI

出版者

Center for Academic Publications Japan

雑誌

Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology (ISSN:03014800)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.54, no.5, pp.363-370, 2008 (Released:2008-11-11)

参考文献数

37

被引用文献数

23 51

---

The effects of oleuropein, a phenolic compound in extra virgin olive oil (EV-olive oil), on triglyceride metabolism were investigated by measuring the degree of thermogenesis in interscapular brown adipose tissue (IBAT), and noradrenaline and adrenaline secretions in rats. In Experiment 1, rats were given a high-fat diet (control diet) with the oleuropein supplementation of 1, 2 or 4 mg/kg of diet (0.1, 0.2 or 0.4% oleuropein diet, respectively). After 28 d of feeding, body weight, perirenal adipose tissue, epididymal fat pad, and plasma triglyceride, free fatty acid and total cholesterol concentrations were reduced by the 0.1, 0.2 or 0.4% oleuropein diet and were significantly lowest in rats fed the 0.4% oleuropein diet, as compared with those of rats fed with the control diet. The content of uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) in IBAT and urinary noradrenaline and adrenaline excretions were significantly higher in rats fed the 0.1 or 0.2% oleuropein diet, as compared with those of rats fed with the control diet, although there were no significant differences in rats fed the 0.4% oleuropein diet. In Experiment 2, the effects of oleuropein on noradrenaline and adrenaline secretion were evaluated. The intravenous administration of oleuropein and oleuropein aglycone significantly increased plasma noradrenaline and adrenaline concentrations. Furthermore, oleuropein aglycone induced the secretions of noradrenaline and adrenaline about ten fold more potently than oleuropein. These results suggest that the phenolic compound oleuropein in EV-olive oil enhances thermogenesis by increasing the UCP1 content in IBAT and noradrenaline and adrenaline secretions in rats.

著者

Hang GUO Ai SAIGA Mikako SATO Izumi MIYAZAWA Makoto SHIBATA Yoshihisa TAKAHATA Fumiki MORIMATSU

出版者

Center for Academic Publications Japan

雑誌

Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology (ISSN:03014800)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.53, no.4, pp.345-348, 2007 (Released:2007-10-05)

参考文献数

21

被引用文献数

20 68

---

Royal jelly (RJ) has several physiological effects and is widely used in commercial medical products and health foods. We examined the effects of RJ supplementation on serum lipoprotein metabolism in humans. Fifteen volunteers were divided into an RJ intake group (n=7) and a control group (n=8). The RJ group took 6 g per day for 4 wk. Their serum total cholesterol (TC) and serum low-density lipoprotein (LDL) decreased significantly compared with those of the control group (p<0.05). There were no significant differences in serum high-density lipoprotein (HDL) or triglyceride concentrations. Moreover, the relationship between the serum cholesterol and lipoprotein levels was investigated. Among the lipoprotein fractions, small very-low-density lipoprotein was decreased (p<0.05) after RJ intake. Our results suggest that dietary RJ decreases TC and LDL by lowering small VLDL levels.

著者

Masafumi AKISAKA Liu ASATO Yin-Ching CHAN Makoto SUZUKI Tatsu UEZATO Shigeru YAMAMOTO

出版者

Center for Academic Publications Japan

雑誌

Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology (ISSN:03014800)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.42, no.3, pp.241-248, 1996 (Released:2009-04-28)

参考文献数

14

被引用文献数

12 20

---

Energy and nutrient requirements of younger people have been well studied, unlike that of centenarians. The average life span of the Japanese is the longest in the world, and the population of the very aged is rapidly growing. In addition, the average life span of Okinawan people is the longest in all of Japan. Their food habits also differ from other parts of Japan. To obtain basic dietary information, we surveyed 21 centenarians in Okinawa (17 women and 4 men). The dietary survey was done by one 24h recall method, as was done for centenarians living throughout Japan (3). The energy intake of the Okinawan centenarians living at home was about 1, 100 kcal/day for both sexes, which was similar to that of centenarians throughout Japan. Energy, some nutrient intakes and food consumption pattern (in terms of food groups) were different from those of the centenarians throughout Japan. We also measured their heights, weights, hematological values and activities of daily living (ADL). Comparison between the nutrient intakes and the recommended dietary allowances (RDAs) estimated for the centenarians showed that the estimated RDA of energy for the Okinawan centenarians might be less than their actual intakes.

著者

Jara VALTUEÑA Marcela GONZÁLEZ-GROSS Inge HUYBRECHTS Christina BREIDENASSEL Marika FERRARI Theodora MOURATIDOU Frederic GOTTRAND Jean DALLONGEVILLE Elena AZZINI Isabelle SIOEN Sonia GÓMEZ-MARTÍNEZ Magdalena CUENCA-GARCÍA Mathilde KERSTING Peter STEHLE Anthony KAFATOS Yannis MANIOS Kurt WIDHALM Luis A. MORENO

出版者

Center for Academic Publications Japan

雑誌

Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology (ISSN:03014800)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.59, no.3, pp.161-171, 2013 (Released:2013-07-25)

参考文献数

48

被引用文献数

13 56

---

Evidence indicates low 25-hydroxyvitamin D [(25(OH)D] concentrations in European adolescents. Identification of potential determinants is therefore essential to guide public health initiatives aiming at optimizing vitamin D status across Europe. The aim of the study was to identify potential influencing factors of 25(OH)D concentrations in European adolescents aged 12.5 to 17.5 y, participating in the multi-centre cross-sectional Healthy Lifestyle in Europe by Nutrition in Adolescence (HELENA) study. A subset of 1,006 participants (46.8% males) was drawn from the main study. Measures of body composition, biochemical markers, socioeconomic status, dietary intake, physical activity, fitness, sleep time and vitamin D genetic polymorphism (rs1544410) were assessed. Stepwise multivariate linear regression analysis was conducted stratified by gender. In males, linear regression of 25(OH)D, suggested that (1) winter season (β=−0.364; p<0.01), (2) higher latitudes (β=−0.246; p<0.01), (3) BMI z-score (β=−0.198; p<0.05) and (4) retinol concentration (β=0.171; p<0.05) independently influenced 25(OH)D concentrations. In females, (1) winter season (β=−0.370; p<0.01), (2) sleep time (β=−0.231; p<0.01), (3) supplement intake (β=0.221; p<0.05), (4) flexibility (β=0.184; p<0.05), (5) body fat % (β=0.201; p<0.05) (6), BMI z-score (β=−0.272; p<0.05), (7) higher latitudes (β=−0.219; p<0.01) and (8) handgrip strength (β=0.206; p<0.05) independently influenced 25(OH)D concentrations. Season, latitude, fitness, adiposity, sleep time and micronutrient supplementation were highly related to 25(OH)D concentrations found in European adolescents.

著者

Katsumi SHIBATA Tsutomu FUKUWATARI

出版者

Center for Academic Publications Japan

雑誌

Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology (ISSN:03014800)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.59, no.2, pp.87-92, 2013 (Released:2013-05-31)

参考文献数

18

被引用文献数

2 5

---

It is thought that increasing energy expenditure increases consumption of vitamin B1, leading to an increase in the requirement of vitamin B1. However, evidence supporting this hypothesis is lacking. To examine the hypothesis, initially, we determined the minimum requirement of vitamin B1 for weaning rats. We found that the minimum requirement of vitamin B1 for optimum growth of weaning rats was around 0.786 mg thiamin/kg diet. Next, rats fed a diet containing the minimum requirement of vitamin B1 were forced to swim until exhaustion. Concentrations of vitamin B1 in the blood and liver as well as urinary excretion of swimming rats decreased significantly compared with those of non-swimming rats (p<0.05), while in rats fed the diet containing a sufficient amount of vitamin B1 (4.720 mg thiamin/kg diet), vitamin B1 amounts in the blood, liver and urine were not affected by swimming. We clearly and firstly showed the reduction of body vitamin B1 following increases in energy expenditure.

著者

Kazuhiro YAMADA Nozomi MAEDA Junko NOGUCHI Hideaki YAMADA Emi MORINAGA Hitomi YATAKE Yuji YAMAMOTO Tadahiro TADOKORO Tetsunori KAWATA

出版者

Center for Academic Publications Japan

雑誌

Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology (ISSN:03014800)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.59, no.3, pp.238-242, 2013 (Released:2013-07-25)

参考文献数

23

被引用文献数

3 5

---

The influence of maternal vitamin B12 malnutrition on testicular development of offspring was examined using soy protein-based B12-deficient diets with or without 0.5% DL-methionine supplementation. Dams were fed the B12-deficient diet throughout gestation and lactation, whereas dams in a control group were fed a control diet which contained cyanocobalamin in the B12-deficient diet without methionine. Offspring born to dams fed the B12-deficient diet without methionine showed poor testicular development, e.g. decreased numbers of seminiferous tubules containing healthy spermatocytes and a high ratio of apoptotic cells per all germ cells. The abnormality was rarely observed in the group fed the B12-deficient diet with methionine. It was likely that the testicular abnormality of offspring was caused by B12-deficiency post partum and was prevented by the methionine supplementation. These observations suggested that maternal B12 nutritional status during the pre-weaning period is quite important for spermatogenesis of male offspring and that the requirement of B12 for testicular development is to produce active B12-dependent methionine synthase.

著者

Takafumi MIZUSHIGE Kazuo INOUE Tohru FUSHIKI

出版者

Center for Academic Publications Japan

雑誌

Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology (ISSN:03014800)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.53, no.1, pp.1-4, 2007 (Released:2008-01-25)

参考文献数

35

被引用文献数

24 52

---

Fatty foods are very palatable. Most mammals, including humans, prefer high-fat food to low-fat food. Neuropeptides and neurotransmitters, which are related to the hedonic or aversive response in the brain, are released after a basic tastant (i.e., sweet, sour, salty, bitter or umami) is accepted by the taste receptors in the taste bud cells. In addition, recent evidence suggests that dietary fat, especially free fatty acids, may be perceived chemically in taste bud cells as well as the basic tastant. Recently, it was suggested that long-chain fatty acids accepted into CD36/FAT, a long-chain fatty acid transporter, in circumvallate papillae of the tongue play an extremely important role in the palatability of dietary fat. In this review, we describe the studies on the reception of fatty acids in the oral cavity, and on the signal transmission from the oral cavity to the brain. We hypothesize that long-chain fatty acids are recognized on the tongue, and then neuropeptides and neurotransmitters such as β-endorphin and dopamine are released in the brain. We suggest that this knowledge is one of the mechanisms of the palatability of dietary fat.

著者

Yoshimi NIWANO Takashi ADACHI Jun KASHIMURA Takashi SAKATA Hajime SASAKI Kazunori SEKINE Satoshi YAMAMOTO Akie YONEKUBO Shuichi KIMURA

出版者

Center for Academic Publications Japan

雑誌

Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology (ISSN:03014800)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.55, no.3, pp.201-207, 2009 (Released:2009-07-15)

参考文献数

41

被引用文献数

18 46

---

This review assesses the feasibility of using glycemic index (GI) as a predictor of appetite, hunger and satiety by surveying published human intervention studies. We also discuss the relationship between GI and two appetite/satiety control hormones, leptin and ghrelin. Ingestion of high-GI food increased hunger and lowered satiety in short-term human intervention studies. This effect may be attributed to the rapid decline in blood glucose level following a hyperinsulinemic response caused by a sharp and transient increase in blood glucose level that occurs after the ingestion of high-GI food, which is defined as the glucostatic theory. However, appetite, hunger and satiety after the ingestion of foods with varying GI were inconsistent among long-term human intervention studies. From the few relevant long-term studies available, we selected two recent well-designed examples for analysis, but they failed to elicit clear differences in glycemic and insulinemic responses between high- and low-GI meals (consisting of a combination of different foods or key carbohydrate-rich foods incorporated into habitual diets). One of the reasons that these studies could not predict glycemic response to mixed meals is presumably that the GI of each particular food was not reflected in that of the mixed meals as a whole. Thus, it is difficult to conclude that the GI values of foods or mixed meals are a valid long-term predictor for appetite, hunger and satiety. Both insulin and insulin-mediated glucose uptake and metabolism in adipose tissue affect blood leptin concentration and its diurnal pattern. Circulating ghrelin level is suppressed by carbohydrate-rich meals, presumably via glycemia and insulinemia. Accordingly, low-GI foods may not necessarily increase satiety or suppress appetite and/or hunger because of the lack of insulin-mediated leptin stimulation and ghrelin suppression. However, insulin-mediated leptin stimulation and ghrelin suppression per se is not consistent among studies; thus we were not able to identify a clear relationship among GI, satietogenic leptin, and appetitic ghrelin.

著者

Kentaro MURAKAMI Yoshihiro MIYAKE Satoshi SASAKI Keiko TANAKA Masashi ARAKAWA

出版者

Center for Academic Publications Japan

雑誌

Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology (ISSN:03014800)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.58, no.4, pp.247-252, 2012 (Released:2012-11-07)

参考文献数

33

被引用文献数

8 26

---

The possible role of eating rate in promoting obesity has long been of interest. We examined the association between rate of eating and overweight status in Japanese children and adolescents. This Japanese cross-sectional study included 15,974 children (6-11 y; 7,956 boys and 8,018 girls) and 8,202 adolescents (12-15 y; 3,944 boys and 4,258 girls). Rate of eating was self-reported according to five categories. Body mass index (BMI) was calculated from self-reported body weight and height. Overweight was defined according to the International Obesity Task Force age- and sex-specific BMI cutoffs. The overall prevalence of overweight was 13.2%. Rate of eating was positively associated with the risk of overweight, independent of protein, fat, and dietary fiber intakes. Multivariate odds ratios (95% confidence intervals) for overweight in the very slow, relatively slow, medium, relatively fast, and very fast categories were 0.31 (0.20, 0.49), 0.49 (0.40, 0.60), 1 (reference), 2.81 (2.42, 3.26), and 4.49 (3.47, 5.81) in male children; 0.42 (0.31, 0.58), 0.49 (0.41, 0.59), 1 (reference), 2.74 (2.27, 3.31), and 5.69 (3.75, 8.63) in female children; 0.13 (0.03, 0.54), 0.43 (0.28, 0.65), 1 (reference), 2.31 (1.88, 2.84), and 3.84 (2.77, 5.31) in male adolescents; and 0.55 (0.30, 1.01), 0.46 (0.33, 0.65), 1 (reference), 1.30 (0.99, 1.71), and 1.49 (0.84, 2.65) in female adolescents, respectively (all p for trend<0.0001). In conclusion, this large cross-sectional study in Japan showed that a higher rate of eating was independently positively associated with an increasing risk of overweight in children and adolescents.

著者

Tatsuya ISHIDA Akira YOKOTA Yuka UMEZAWA Toshiya TODA Kazuhiko YAMADA

出版者

Center for Academic Publications Japan

雑誌

Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology (ISSN:03014800)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.51, no.3, pp.187-193, 2005 (Released:2009-06-15)

参考文献数

25

被引用文献数

10 32

---

The fermented milk, so-called “Caspian Sea Yogurt” in Japan, consists of two bacterial strains isolated from traditional Caucasusian fermented milk. In the present study, those strains were identified and characterized. Strain FC was Gram-positive, facultatively anaerobic cocci and strain FA was Gram-negative, aerobic rods. Phylogenetic analysis based on 165 rDNA sequences showed that strain FC formed a cluster with Lactococcus lactis strains and was most closely related to L. lactis subsp. cremoris. Strain FA was included in the genus Acetobacter cluster and was most closely related to A. orientalis. The DNA G+C con-tents of strain FC and strain FA were 39.2 and 51.6 mol%, respectively. Biochemical tests and DNA-DNA hybridization clarified that strain FC belongs to L. lactis subsp. cremoris and strain FA belongs to A. orientalis. The culture supernatant of lactococcal strain FC inhibited the growth of L. lactis subsp. cremoris DSM 20069T and L. lactis subsp. hordniae JCM 1180T. The inhibitory activity was detected after incubation at 70°C for 60min or 100°C for 30min and was stable when the supernatant was adjusted to a pH ranging from 4.9 to 7.5. The antimicrobial activity was lost on treatment with proteolytic enzymes such as proteinase K, trypsin, pronase, and pepsin, although it was not affected by catalase. The gene of lac-tococcin B (lcnB) homolog was found in the strain PC. From the above results, the strain PC was thought to produce a bacteriocin-like substance.

著者

Masahito TSUBATA Kinya TAKAGAKI Shin-ichi HIRANO Koichi IWATANI Chiyuki ABE

出版者

Center for Academic Publications Japan

雑誌

Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology (ISSN:03014800)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.57, no.3, pp.251-257, 2011 (Released:2011-09-09)

参考文献数

33

被引用文献数

5 6

---

Flavangenol (FG), an extract of French maritime pine bark (Pinus maritime) mainly contains proanthocyanidin in oligomers. It has many physiological effects, including antioxidant and anti-atherosclerosis. In this study, we evaluated the effects of FG on rat collagen-induced arthritis, a model of human rheumatoid arthritis. The rats were fed with the diet of control, 0.3% FG, or 1% FG for 4 wk after the induction of arthritis. The FG diets, compared with the control diet, suppressed the increase in arthritic score and swelling of the paws in a dose-dependent manner. Histopathological examination revealed evidence that the 1% FG diet suppressed acute and chronic articular lesions in the rats. In addition, the FG diets (0.3% and 1%) suppressed the production of nitric oxide in the plasma of the rats. These results suggest that dietary FG has beneficial effects on collagen-induced arthritis in rats by inhibiting the acute and chronic inflammatory reactions.

著者

Kazunaga YAZAWA Katsumi SUGA Atsushi HONMA Miyuki SHIROSAKI Tomoyuki KOYAMA

出版者

Center for Academic Publications Japan

雑誌

Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology (ISSN:03014800)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.57, no.1, pp.104-107, 2011 (Released:2011-04-22)

参考文献数

23

被引用文献数

18 29

---

The methanolic extract of seeds of the tropical fruit camu-camu was screened for its anti-inflammatory activity in carrageenan-induced paw edema model mice. The extract significantly suppressed both the formation of edema in mice by oral administration and the release of nitric oxide from macrophage-derived RAW 264.7 cells in vitro. Based on the results of a spectroscopic analysis, the active compound was identified by in vivo bioassay-guided fractionation to be 3β-hydroxy-lup-20(29)-en-28-oic acid, betulinic acid, known as an anti-inflammatory triterpenoid. These findings suggest that camu-camu seed extract is a potentially useful material as a source of betulinic acid and as a functional food for prevention of immune-related diseases.

著者

Hiroyuki MASUDA Haruka MATSUMAE Tsuyoshi MASUDA Hideo HATTA

出版者

Center for Academic Publications Japan

雑誌

Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology (ISSN:03014800)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.56, no.1, pp.9-12, 2010 (Released:2010-03-31)

参考文献数

17

被引用文献数

2 2

---

Thiamin (vitamin B1) is known to activate carbohydrate metabolism in part through activation of pyruvate dehydrogenase. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of thiamin tetrahydrofurfuryl disulfide (TTFD), a thiamin derivative, on utilization of exogenous glucose by measuring oxidation of 13C-glucose at rest and during prolonged exercise in mice under normal dietary conditions. Mice orally ingested TTFD (0.1 mg/g BW [body weight]) and 13C-glucose (0.8 mg/g BW) or 13C-lactate (0.1 mg/g BW) plus glucose (0.8 mg/g BW) at rest or before endurance running. The average percent of 13C atoms in total 12C+13C (13C atom%) in expired air after ingestion of 13C-glucose at rest was significantly lower in the TTFD group than in the control group. No significant difference was found in 13C atom% in expired air after ingestion of 13C-glucose and prolonged exercise. In addition, no significant effect of TTFD was found in expired 13C atom% after ingestion of 13C-lactate plus glucose at rest. TTFD also had no effect on concentrations of muscle or liver glycogen at rest. These results suggest that TTFD, which is a thiamin derivative, decreases oxidation of exogenous glucose at rest, but not during exercise.