著者

Masaru MAEBASHI Yoshio MAKINO Yuji FURUKAWA Kosaku OHINATA Shuichi KIMURA Takao SATO

出版者

SOCIETY FOR FREE RADICAL RESEARCH JAPAN

雑誌

Journal of Clinical Biochemistry and Nutrition (ISSN:09120009)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.14, no.3, pp.211-218, 1993 (Released:2010-02-25)

参考文献数

25

被引用文献数

68 85

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The therapeutic efficacy of biotin was evaluated in 43 patients with non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus. The serum biotin concentration in the patients was significantly lower than that in the 64 healthy control subjects and inversely correlated with the fasting blood glucose level. The oral administration of biotin, 9mg daily, corrected the hyperglycemia in the patients with no change in their serum insulin level. The serum levels of pyruvate and lactate decreased to their normal ranges after the administration. These observations suggest that the biotin administration ameliorates abnormal glucose metabolism in diabetic patients, presumably by enhancing the activity of the biotin-dependent enzyme, pyruvate carboxylase, with a subsequent promotion of glucose utilization for the entry into the tricarboxylic acid cycle. The administration also enhanced the response to glibenclamide in patients who had been resistant to the agent, suggesting a significant increase in the potency of the endogenous insulin action. The result demonstrates that biotin administration is effective for the treatment of the patients. Neither a relapse of clinical symptoms nor an occurrence of undesirable side effects has been observed.

著者

Yuji FURUKAWA Kosaku OHINATA Michiyoshi IKAI Masaru MAEBASHI Hong ZHANG Shuichi KIMURA

出版者

SOCIETY FOR FREE RADICAL RESEARCH JAPAN

雑誌

Journal of Clinical Biochemistry and Nutrition (ISSN:09120009)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.18, no.1, pp.35-42, 1995 (Released:2010-02-25)

参考文献数

21

被引用文献数

3 3

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The insulin secretion expressed in terms of plasma concentration in response to an oral glucose load (1.8g per kg body weight) in biotin-deficient male Wistar rats was approximately one-sixth that of pair-fed controls. However, the insulin content of the pancreas in biotin-deficient rats was no lower than that of control rats. The reduction in insulin secretion in the biotin-deficient rats was reversed to a significant extent by the simultaneous administration of biotin (1mg per kg body weight) with the glucose solution. This suggests that biotin may play an important role in the secretion of insulin from the β-cells of the pancreas.

著者

木村 修一 Shuichi KIMURA

雑誌

學苑 = GAKUEN (ISSN:13480103)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.830, pp.1-10, 2009-12-01

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It is well-known that the liquid component of blood can be an important marker for assessing health conditions. But the cellular components of blood also convey to us various other information. This paper explains the knowledge obtained from the author's experiments examining blood cells, and how this knowledge elucidates regulational functions of aging. For example, from the facts that: 1. the life span of germfree mice was longer than that of conventional mice, 2. the life span of normal mice with restricted diet(60%)was longer than that of non-restricted normal mice, and that, as the author's experiment revealed, 3. the length and life of their small intestinal epithelial cells were also greater than those of each control group, the author surmises that small intestinal epithelial cells might be a marker for detecting the situation of the regulation of aging. Experiments designed to measure the life span of red blood cells lead the author to find that the number of T-cells in mice on restricted diets increased and immune responses were accelerated. And finally, the author explains experiments examining platelets of laboratory mice to determine the function of EPA(Eicosapentaenoic acid)in the blood coagulation system.

著者

木村 修一 Shuichi KIMURA

出版者

昭和女子大学近代文化研究所

雑誌

学苑 (ISSN:13480103)

巻号頁・発行日

no.830, pp.1-10, 2009-12

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It is well-known that the liquid component of blood can be an important marker for assessing health conditions. But the cellular components of blood also convey to us various other information. This paper explains the knowledge obtained from the author's experiments examining blood cells, and how this knowledge elucidates regulational functions of aging. For example, from the facts that: 1. the life span of germfree mice was longer than that of conventional mice, 2. the life span of normal mice with restricted diet(60%)was longer than that of non-restricted normal mice, and that, as the author's experiment revealed, 3. the length and life of their small intestinal epithelial cells were also greater than those of each control group, the author surmises that small intestinal epithelial cells might be a marker for detecting the situation of the regulation of aging. Experiments designed to measure the life span of red blood cells lead the author to find that the number of T-cells in mice on restricted diets increased and immune responses were accelerated. And finally, the author explains experiments examining platelets of laboratory mice to determine the function of EPA(Eicosapentaenoic acid)in the blood coagulation system.

著者

Yoshimi NIWANO Takashi ADACHI Jun KASHIMURA Takashi SAKATA Hajime SASAKI Kazunori SEKINE Satoshi YAMAMOTO Akie YONEKUBO Shuichi KIMURA

出版者

Center for Academic Publications Japan

雑誌

Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology (ISSN:03014800)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.55, no.3, pp.201-207, 2009 (Released:2009-07-15)

参考文献数

41

被引用文献数

18 46

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This review assesses the feasibility of using glycemic index (GI) as a predictor of appetite, hunger and satiety by surveying published human intervention studies. We also discuss the relationship between GI and two appetite/satiety control hormones, leptin and ghrelin. Ingestion of high-GI food increased hunger and lowered satiety in short-term human intervention studies. This effect may be attributed to the rapid decline in blood glucose level following a hyperinsulinemic response caused by a sharp and transient increase in blood glucose level that occurs after the ingestion of high-GI food, which is defined as the glucostatic theory. However, appetite, hunger and satiety after the ingestion of foods with varying GI were inconsistent among long-term human intervention studies. From the few relevant long-term studies available, we selected two recent well-designed examples for analysis, but they failed to elicit clear differences in glycemic and insulinemic responses between high- and low-GI meals (consisting of a combination of different foods or key carbohydrate-rich foods incorporated into habitual diets). One of the reasons that these studies could not predict glycemic response to mixed meals is presumably that the GI of each particular food was not reflected in that of the mixed meals as a whole. Thus, it is difficult to conclude that the GI values of foods or mixed meals are a valid long-term predictor for appetite, hunger and satiety. Both insulin and insulin-mediated glucose uptake and metabolism in adipose tissue affect blood leptin concentration and its diurnal pattern. Circulating ghrelin level is suppressed by carbohydrate-rich meals, presumably via glycemia and insulinemia. Accordingly, low-GI foods may not necessarily increase satiety or suppress appetite and/or hunger because of the lack of insulin-mediated leptin stimulation and ghrelin suppression. However, insulin-mediated leptin stimulation and ghrelin suppression per se is not consistent among studies; thus we were not able to identify a clear relationship among GI, satietogenic leptin, and appetitic ghrelin.