著者

Hiroshi TANAKA Yoshikazu NISHIKAWA Kotaro KURE Kinsuke TSUDA Masaya HOSOKAWA

出版者

Center for Academic Publications Japan

雑誌

Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology (ISSN:03014800)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.64, no.4, pp.284-286, 2018 (Released:2018-08-31)

参考文献数

17

被引用文献数

6

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The semi-solidified nutrition supplemented with soluble dietary fiber, xanthan gum (XG), inhibited postprandial glycemia in rats. The purpose of the present study is to examine whether XG exerts the same effects in humans. Subjects fasted for 12 h and then ingested the enteral nutrient, Meibalance with or without XG at 9 AM. Blood glucose levels were measured 0, 20, 40, 60, and 120 min after its ingestion. Postprandial blood glucose levels were lower in the XG group than in the control group. At 20 min, postprandial blood glucose levels were significantly lower in the XG group (84±5.3 mg/dL) than in the control group (107±7.8 mg/dL) (p<0.05). A significant difference was also observed in ΔAUC between the two groups. These results demonstrate that XG exerts inhibitory effects on glucose excursion in humans.

著者

Kayoko KANEKO Chinatsu ITO Kayo KOIZUMI Sakurako WATANABE Yukiko UMEDA Kazuko ISHIKAWA-TAKATA

出版者

Center for Academic Publications Japan

雑誌

Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology (ISSN:03014800)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.59, no.4, pp.299-309, 2013 (Released:2013-09-24)

参考文献数

39

被引用文献数

4 16

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Accurate estimation of resting energy expenditure (REE) in children and adolescents is important to establish estimated energy requirements for the Japanese population. Our objectives were 1) to determine the REE of 6- to 17-y-old Japanese children and adolescents by indirect calorimetry in order to estimate energy expenditure for this group, 2) to compare measured REE with predicted REE to determine the accuracy of predictive equations of REE for Japanese children and adolescents, and 3) to derive new predictive equations for REE for Japanese children and adolescents based on measured REE. REE was measured in 221 Japanese children and adolescents, aged 6 to 17 y old (113 boys and 108 girls) using a ventilated indirect calorimeter. Anthropometric and body composition measurements were also performed. REE expressed as absolute values increased with age in both genders, and there was a significant difference between genders in the 12-17 y age group. REE was strongly correlated with body weight (BW) and fat-free mass (FFM). REE adjusted for BW or FFM decreased with age in both genders, and a gender difference was still observed in the 12-17 y age group after this adjustment. The highest accuracy of prediction was achieved using the Dietary Reference Intake for Japanese (1969) for boys and the Molnar equation for girls. Step-down multiple regression analysis was carried out using either a combination of age, gender, BW, and height, or a combination of age, gender, FFM, and fat mass (FM). The predictive equation accounted for 75% (R2) and 76% of the variance, respectively. In conclusion, absolute REE increased and REE adjusted for BW or FFM decreased with age. The major determinant of REE was FFM, but significant gender differences were observed in the 12-17 y range for both absolute REE and adjusted REE.

著者

Yoshiko ISHIMI

出版者

Center for Academic Publications Japan

雑誌

Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology (ISSN:03014800)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.61, no.Supplement, pp.S139-S141, 2015 (Released:2015-11-24)

参考文献数

17

被引用文献数

6 21

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Skeletal tissue is formed during the first two decades of life; then a constant bone mass is maintained until 40 y of age. In the case of women, the bone mass is rapidly reduced at menopause at around 50 y of age. After that, bone mass slowly decreases in both men and women who have passed the 70-y-old mark. The National Institute of Health Consensus Conference adopted the definition of osteoporosis as a skeletal disorder that is characterized by compromised bone strength leading to a predisposition for and an increased risk of fracture. Since osteoporotic fractures are the third-highest cause for becoming bedridden, the maintenance of healthy bones is an important factor in extending a person’s healthy lifespan. Bone mass is influenced by many factors, such as nutrition, physical activity, smoking and alcohol intake, as well as by genetic factors. Thus, a healthy diet providing balanced nutrients including calcium, vitamin D, vitamin K and protein, regular physical activity, and not smoking help maintain bone health and delay or prevent osteoporosis. Some functional foods containing soy isoflavones, milk basic protein and n-3 fatty acid may help promote bone health.

著者

カビル ヤルル 木村 修一 田村 力

出版者

Center for Academic Publications Japan

雑誌

Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology (ISSN:03014800)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.34, no.4, pp.433-438, 1988 (Released:2009-04-28)

参考文献数

15

被引用文献数

44 71

著者

Naho KOMAI Naoko MOTOKUBOTA Maki SUZUKI Ikuyo HAYASHI Toshio MORITANI Narumi NAGAI

出版者

Center for Academic Publications Japan

雑誌

Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology (ISSN:03014800)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.62, no.5, pp.288-294, 2016 (Released:2016-12-06)

参考文献数

34

被引用文献数

6

---

There is evidence to support that mastication may contribute to the prevention of weight gain via reduction of appetite sensations and subsequent energy intake. However, the metabolic effect of mastication after consumption of a daily meal, composed of the staple food (rice), soup, main and side dishes, is limited. Therefore, the effect of thorough mastication on greater satiety and the thermic effect of a meal (TEM) was investigated in young women. In study 1, energy expenditure (EE) derived from masticatory muscle activity for 20 min was measured while chewing hard, tasteless, non-caloric gum in seven subjects. In study 2, ten subjects consumed a solid meal performing 30 chews per mouthful (30 CPM), or swallowed the same, pureed meal without chewing (0 CPM) on two separate days, and postprandial EE, substrate oxidation, subjective appetite ratings and autonomic nervous system (ANS) activity for 3 h were examined. Both test meals were iso-caloric (2,510 kJ) and -weighted (884 g), and consumed in 20 min. From study 1, the EE of mastication itself for the 20 min was estimated to be 3.7±0.8 kJ. From study 2, significantly higher TEM (134.2±15.5 vs. 67.8±13.8 kJ/3 h, p<0.001) as well as satiety (p=0.005), and tendency toward greater fat oxidation (p=0.090) and ANS activity (p=0.069) were observed after consumption of the meal with 30 CPM compared to 0 CPM. In conclusion, thorough mastication before swallowing increased postprandial satiety and the TEM in young women, suggesting such eating behavior may be useful for preventing obesity.

著者

Katsuya HIRASAKA Shinobu SAITO Saki YAMAGUCHI Riho MIYAZAKI Yao WANG Marie HARUNA Shigeto TANIYAMA Atsushi HIGASHITANI Junji TERAO Takeshi NIKAWA Katsuyasu TACHIBANA

出版者

Center for Academic Publications Japan

雑誌

Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology (ISSN:03014800)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.62, no.3, pp.178-184, 2016 (Released:2016-07-26)

参考文献数

34

被引用文献数

17

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Proinflammatory cytokines contribute to the progression of muscle wasting caused by ubiquitin-proteasome-dependent proteolysis. We have previously demonstrated that isoflavones, such as genistein and daidzein, prevent TNF-α-induced muscle atrophy in C2C12 myotubes. In this study, we examined the effect of dietary flavonoids on the wasting of muscle. Mice were divided into the following four groups: vehicle-injected (control) mice fed the normal diet (CN); tumor-bearing mice fed the normal diet (TN); control mice fed the isoflavone diet (CI); and tumor-bearing mice fed the isoflavone diet (TI). There were no significant differences in the intake of food or body weight gain among these four groups. The wet weight and myofiber size of gastrocnemius muscle in TN significantly decreased, compared with those in CN. Interestingly, the wet weight and myofiber size of gastrocnemius muscle in TI were nearly the same as those in CN and CI, although isoflavone supplementation did not affect the increased tumor mass or concentrations of proinflammatory cytokines, such as TNF-α and IL-6, in the blood. Moreover, increased expression of muscle-specific ubiquitin ligase genes encoding MAFbx/Atrogin-1 and MuRF1 in the skeletal muscle of TN was significantly inhibited by the supplementation of isoflavones. In parallel with the expression of muscle-specific ubiquitin ligases, dietary isoflavones significantly suppressed phosphorylation of ERK in tumor-bearing mice. These results suggest that dietary isoflavones improve muscle wasting in tumor-bearing mice via the ERK signaling pathway mediated-suppression of ubiquitin ligases in muscle cells.

著者

Wen-Xing LI Wei LI Jia-Qian CAO Haiyue YAN Yuanyuan SUN Hong ZHANG Qiang ZHANG Ling TANG Manman WANG Jing-Fei HUANG Dahai LIU

出版者

Center for Academic Publications Japan

雑誌

Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology (ISSN:03014800)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.62, no.4, pp.265-271, 2016 (Released:2016-10-05)

参考文献数

39

被引用文献数

2

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Alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate transaminase (AST), and glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) were three key enzymes in the hepatic metabolism. This study aimed to investigate the effect of homocysteine (Hcy) metabolism gene polymorphisms and serum Hcy and folate level on the hepatic functions in a Chinese hypertensive population. A representative sample with 480 subjects aged 28-75 was enrolled in 2005.9-2005.12 from six hospitals in different Chinese regions. Serum ALT, AST and GGT were measured by using an automatic biochemistry analyzer. Serum Hcy was measured by high-performance liquid chromatography, and serum folate was measured by chemiluminescent immunoassay. Known genotypes were detected by PCR-RFLP methods. The results showed that the MTHFR C677T mutation was related a decreased serum AST level (r=−0.11, p=0.026), whereas the MTHFR A1298C mutation elevated serum AST level (r=0.11, p=0.032). Furthermore, multiple regression analysis showed that folate deficiency was associated with higher serum ALT (β (SE): 0.13 (0.06), p=0.031) and GGT level (β (SE): 0.18 (0.07), p=0.011). However, serum Hcy level may not affect the hepatic functions. Our data suggested that hepatic functions were affected by MTHFR gene polymorphisms and serum folate level. Further studies are needed to confirm these correlations in a larger population.

著者

Taiichiro SEKI Takashi HOSONO

出版者

Center for Academic Publications Japan

雑誌

Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology (ISSN:03014800)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.61, no.Supplement, pp.S83-S85, 2015 (Released:2015-11-24)

参考文献数

17

被引用文献数

18

---

Lifestyle-related diseases have complex pathogenesis which consists of several different steps. Basic causes of the diseases are attributed to unhealthy lifestyles in dietary habits, physical activity and suffering stress. The unhealthy lifestyles induce risk factors such as hypertension, dyslipidemia, obesity, and hyperglycemia. These risk factors all promote arteriosclerosis leading to serious vascular complications (i.e., thrombotic diseases), myocardial infarction and cerebral infarction. The total number of deaths from these thrombotic diseases almost equals that from cancer in our country. Cancer is also a typical lifestyle-related disease. Food has three different functions: the primary function is to provide enough nutrients to meet the metabolic requirements. The secondary function is the one relating to food preference. The third function is to control our body functions, which help reduction of the risk of diseases. Some of the compounds derived from food, especially phytochemicals in edible plants, vegetables and herbs, have potent functions to control our body functions and contribute to promoting our health. In this review article, we overview the lifestyle-related diseases and food functions involving prevention and amelioration of the diseases by food components especially from edible plants and vegetables. As an example, we will describe the food function of garlic and the prevention of lifestyle-related diseases by its components. Allyl sulfides are characteristic flavor compounds derived from garlic, and these organosulfur compounds are responsible for the food function of garlic.

著者

Liang CONG Jing-Ting MA Zhen-Jing JIN Li-Wei DUAN Wei-Ping SU Jing ZHENG Ling-Juan ZHANG Jia XU Dong-Fu LI

出版者

Center for Academic Publications Japan

雑誌

Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology (ISSN:03014800)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.61, no.4, pp.326-331, 2015 (Released:2015-10-06)

参考文献数

12

被引用文献数

2

---

We investigated the efficacy and safety of a new type of dietary fiber (high specific volume polysaccharide) for use in treating constipation of different etiologies. Functional constipation patients and irritable bowel syndrome-constipation (IBS-C) patients were administrated high specific volume polysaccharide (HSVP) three times daily for a period of 2 wk to relieve their symptoms. Scores on a stool form scale, and patient reports of straining during a bowel movement, having sensations of an incomplete bowel movement or a blocked anorectum, and abnormal defecation intervals were recorded, graded, and scored by a functional constipation sample group. Similarly, a cohort of IBS-C patients reported their occurrence of abdominal discomfort or pain, abnormal stool formation, defecation frequency, and straining during a bowel movement. Additionally, both groups reported any adverse reactions associated with taking HSVP. All patients in both groups returned for follow-up visits, and no adverse reactions to treatment with HSVP were reported. In the functional constipation group, HSVP was effective for treating symptoms of constipation in 81.46% and 93.17% of patients after 7 and 14 d of dosing, respectively (both p<0.05). In the IBS-C group, symptoms of constipation were relieved in 71.67% and 88.34% of patients after 7 and 14 d of dosing, respectively (both p<0.05). High specific volume polysaccharide was shown be effective for treatment of functional constipation and IBS-C, without causing significant adverse events.

著者

Shota SASAKI Satoshi NAKAE Naoyuki EBINE Wataru AOI Akane HIGASHI Kojiro ISHII

出版者

Center for Academic Publications Japan

雑誌

Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology (ISSN:03014800)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.60, no.1, pp.28-34, 2014 (Released:2014-04-24)

参考文献数

29

被引用文献数

2 4

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Although the intake of carbohydrates is important for the supplementation of energy substrate utilized during exercise, fat oxidation is possibly prevented by an elevation of insulin, and whether or not the timing of the intake of meals affects energy metabolism during exercise has not been clarified. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of the timing of the intake of meals taken at different times before exercise on the carbohydrate and fat metabolism during aerobic exercise. The subjects were eight young trained athletes who performed cycling exercise at the lactate threshold (LT) intensity for 60 min. They performed under five conditions consisting of a no-meal (water) trial, and four meal trials that had a normal meal at 1, 2, 3, and 4 h before the exercise. There were no significant changes for any trial in respiratory exchange ratio, or carbohydrate or fat oxidation rates during exercise. The serum insulin level before exercise in the meal trials was more elevated, the shorter the time to the start of the exercise from meal intake. A tendency for higher blood glucose was shown during exercise with a shorter interval time in the meal trials. No alterations were demonstrated for the serum free fatty acids in any of the groups. These results showed that the timing of the pre-exercise meal taken within a 4-h period before exercise did not affect the energy metabolism of the trained subjects during exercise at LT intensity.

著者

Kuniyasu SODA Yoshihiko KANO Masako SAKURAGI Koichi TAKAO Alan LEFOR Fumio KONISHI

出版者

Center for Academic Publications Japan

雑誌

Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology (ISSN:03014800)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.55, no.4, pp.361-366, 2009 (Released:2009-09-18)

参考文献数

19

被引用文献数

28 107

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Although the intracellular de novo synthesis of the polyamines decreases with age, there is no similar trend in blood polyamine levels, but rather there is wide individual variability. We hypothesized that dietary polyamines attenuate a decrease in blood polyamine levels with age and augment the previously observed individual variability. The effect of a polyamine rich diet, in both mice and humans, on blood polyamine concentrations was examined in this study. Jc1:ICR male mice were fed test diets containing 3 different polyamine concentrations. Healthy human male volunteers added 50 to 100 g of the polyamine-rich fermented soybean product, natto, to their daily intake. After 26 wk, the mean blood spermine concentration in mice receiving the test diet with high polyamine concentrations was 10.1±2.4 μmol/L, while the mean concentrations found in mice fed with a diet with normal or low polyamine concentrations were 5.2±0.9 and 4.7±0.5 μmol/L, respectively (p<0.05). A mean daily intake of 66.4±3.7 g (range=46.4-89.3 g) of natto for 2 mo by human volunteers increased the mean blood spermine concentration by a factor of 1.39 (n=10) (p<0.01), while in control volunteers (n=7), asked to exclude polyamine-rich foods from their diet, blood spermine concentration remained unchanged. The individual variability of blood polyamine levels was enhanced after polyamine intake in mice and, to a lesser extent, in humans. The long-term oral intake of enhanced polyamine diets increases blood polyamine levels in both mice and humans.

著者

Kenjiro TADERA Yuji MINAMI Kouta TAKAMATSU Tomoko MATSUOKA

出版者

Center for Academic Publications Japan

雑誌

Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology (ISSN:03014800)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.52, no.2, pp.149-153, 2006 (Released:2007-06-15)

参考文献数

15

被引用文献数

208 734

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The inhibitory activity of six groups of flavonoids against yeast and rat small intestinal α-glucosidases and porcine pancreatic α-amylase was compared, and chemical structures of flavonoids responsible for the inhibitory activity were evaluated. Yeast α-glucosidase was potently inhibited by the anthocyanidin, isoflavone and flavonol groups with the IC50 values less than 15 μM. The following structures enhanced the inhibitory activity: the unsaturated C ring, 3-OH, 4-CO, the linkage of the B ring at the 3 position, and the hydroxyl substitution on the B ring. Rat small intestinal α-glucosidase was weakly inhibited by many flavonoids, and slightly by the anthocyanidin and isoflavone groups. 3-OH and the hydroxyl substitution on the B ring increased the inhibitory activity. In porcine pancreatic α-amylase, luteolin, myricetin and quercetin were potent inhibitors with the IC50 values less than 500 μM. The 2, 3-double bond, 5-OH, the linkage of the B ring at the 3 position, and the hydroxyl substitution on the B ring enhanced the inhibitory activity, while 3-OH reduced it.

著者

Li-Qiang QIN Jia-Ying XU Pei-Yu WANG Kazuhiko HOSHI

出版者

Center for Academic Publications Japan

雑誌

Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology (ISSN:03014800)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.52, no.6, pp.428-436, 2006 (Released:2007-06-15)

参考文献数

61

被引用文献数

37 76 77

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Many studies have suggested that the intake of soy products may protect against the occurrence of breast cancer because of the considerable amount of isoflavones they contain. To review the results of the observational studies, we performed this meta-analysis of the relevant literature. We searched Medline for reports that examined the association between soyfood consumption (or isoflavone intake) and breast cancer risk from January 1966 to April 2006. The random-effects model was used to estimate the pooled relative risk (RR). Twenty-one independent studies (14 case-control studies and 7 cohort studies) were included in the final analysis. The pooled RR of breast cancer for soyfood intake was 0.75 with a 95% CI of 0.59-0.95. As the main types of soyfood in Japan and China, tofu and miso showed clear protective effects. Isoflavone intake resulted in a 20% decrease in risk (RR=0.81, 95% CI 0.67-0.99). The pooled RR varied little according to study stratification. When the studies published in Japanese and Chinese were added, the inverse associations between soyfood, tofu and breast cancer risk became slightly stronger. The weak association of miso was possibly due to the high concentration of salt in miso soup. In the present analysis, we did not find strong evidence for publication bias in the combination of the studies. This meta-analysis supported the hypotheses that soyfood intake may be associated with a decreased risk of breast cancer due to the isoflavones. Further epidemiological studies need to be conducted with more comprehensive information about the soyfood, and more accurate assessment of the isoflavones.

著者

Takafumi ABE Yoshihiro YOSHIMURA Yoichi SATO Fumihiko NAGANO Ayaka MATSUMOTO

出版者

Center for Academic Publications Japan

雑誌

Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology (ISSN:03014800)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.69, no.6, pp.454-462, 2023-12-31 (Released:2023-12-31)

参考文献数

46

被引用文献数

1

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Few reports have described sarcopenic obesity in patients with stroke. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of sarcopenic obesity, as defined by the European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism (ESPEN) and European Association for the Study of Obesity (EASO) consensus statement, in patients with acute stroke and to determine whether it was associated with improved physical function at discharge. This retrospective cohort study was conducted from May 2020 to November 2021 in patients with acute stroke. Sarcopenic obesity was determined using the ESPEN and EASO consensus statement. The main outcome was physical function based on the Functional Independence Measure motor score at discharge. Multiple regression analysis was conducted to evaluate the association between sarcopenic obesity and the Functional Independence Measure motor score. This study included 276 patients (182 men; mean age, 72.4 y). Sarcopenic obesity screened for obesity with body mass index >27.5 was found in 11 (4%) patients. Multiple regression analysis revealed that sarcopenic obesity screened for obesity with body mass index >27.5 was not significantly associated with the Functional Independence Measure motor score at discharge (β=0.038; 95% confidence interval: −0.046, 0.123; p=0.369). This study revealed a prevalence rate of 4% for sarcopenic obesity diagnosed by the ESPEN and EASO criteria and showed that sarcopenic obesity was not statistically associated with activities of daily living at acute discharge in patients with stroke.

著者

糸川 嘉則 笹川 祐成 藤原 元典

出版者

Center for Academic Publications Japan

雑誌

Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology (ISSN:03014800)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.19, no.1, pp.15-21, 1973 (Released:2009-04-28)

参考文献数

14

被引用文献数

7 7

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Six different synthetic diets were given to wistar rats for four weeks Group 1, thiamine and magnesium deficient; group 2, thiamine deficient, magnesium sufficient; group 3, thiamine adequate, magnesium deficient; group 4, thiamine adequate, magnesium sufficient; group 5, thiamine ex-cess, magnesium deficient; group 6, thiamine excess, magnesium sufficient. Triglyceride, cholesterol, and total lipid levels in the livers of group 3 and 5 rats increased significantly. These values decreased in groups 1 and 2. Incorporation of 14C-acetate to liver lipid or cholesterol fractions increased in magnesium deficient groups (groups 3 and 5) rather than in the magnesium containing groups (groups 4 and 6). This increase was most prominent in the thiamine and magnesium deficient (group 1) and thiamine deficient magnesium sufficient groups (group 2).

著者

Masashi NAGAI Isao OKUNISHI

出版者

Center for Academic Publications Japan

雑誌

Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology (ISSN:03014800)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.55, no.2, pp.195-200, 2009 (Released:2009-05-12)

参考文献数

29

被引用文献数

17 18

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We investigated the effect of wasabi rhizome extract on atopic dermatitis (AD) model mice. The wasabi extract was fed to the HR-1 hairless mice, which develop AD-like symptoms with a special diet (HR-AD diet). The extract was expected to reduce the symptoms induced. Wasabi rhizome-containing HR-AD diet (5% and 10%) reduced the scratching behavior, and the 10% wasabi rhizome HR-AD diet significantly reduced scratching behavior on days 28, 35 and 42. Plasma components (histamine, eotaxin, IgE and thymus and activation-regulated chemokine (TARC)) were decreased in the 10% wasabi rhizome HR-AD diet. In histopathological examinations (toluidine blue (T.B.), major basic protein (MBP), CD4, IL-4, IL-5, eotaxin, TARC and IgE), the wasabi rhizome-containing HR-AD diet (5% and 10%) significantly reduced the number of positive stained cells. These results suggested that the wasabi rhizome extract improved the AD-like symptoms of HR-1 hairless mice.

著者

Tohru TSUKAHARA

出版者

Center For Academic Publications Japan

雑誌

MICROBIOLOGY and IMMUNOLOGY (ISSN:03855600)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.24, no.8, pp.747-751, 1980-08-20 (Released:2009-10-15)

参考文献数

10

著者

Shinji YAMASHITA Azusa MIWA Yu HINATA Koji URITA Kazuo MIYASHITA Mikio KINOSHITA

出版者

Center for Academic Publications Japan

雑誌

Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology (ISSN:03014800)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.69, no.5, pp.382-387, 2023-10-31 (Released:2023-11-07)

参考文献数

28

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Perilla oil is a valuable food source of α-linolenic acids. However, its high reactivity with oxygen shortens its shelf-life after opening. This study investigated the antioxidative profiles of 15 plant materials, including herbs, and examined methods to suppress the oxidation of perilla oil using these plant materials. These plant materials had wide ranges of phenolic, carotenoid, and chlorophyll contents. They exhibit radical scavenging activities and suppress lipid peroxidation, which show highly positive correlations with the phenolic contents. Dipping most of the plant materials examined in perilla oil suppressed its oxidation, and the peroxide values of the oil mixtures indicated a negative correlation with the carotenoid and chlorophyll contents of the plant materials. The leaves of Angelica, Astragalus, and Thyme herbs exhibited the same effect as that of ascorbyl palmitate, which was used as a positive control after 8 wk of incubation in the dark. The suppression of lipid peroxidation was found to be related to the herbal contents of carotenoids and chlorophylls, rather than phenols. Hence, herbal leaves can suppress the oxidation of perilla oil in the dark. The oxidation of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids could be suppressed effectively by utilizing plant materials with abundant carotenoids and chlorophylls.

著者

Nanako Takeda-Hirokawa Lian-Pin Neoh Hiroaki Akimoto Hiroshi Kaneko Takashi Hishikawa Iwao Sekigawa Hiroshi Hashimoto Shun-ichi Hirose Tsutomu Murakami Naoki Yamamoto Tohru Mimura Yutaro Kaneko

出版者

Center For Academic Publications Japan

雑誌

MICROBIOLOGY and IMMUNOLOGY (ISSN:03855600)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.41, no.9, pp.741-745, 1997 (Released:2008-03-17)

参考文献数

25

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To clarify the mechanism by which curdlan sulfate (CRDS) inhibits human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 infection, we examined its influence on the binding of gp120 to CD4 molecules on T cells and macrophages, as well as on the production of TNF-α by gp120-stimulated macrophages (which promotes HIV-1 replication). CRDS treatment of cells not only inhibited the binding of HIV-1 gp120 to CD4+ cells, but also inhibited TNF-α production induced by gp120. Inhibition of HIV-1 infection by CRDS may be related to these two actions.

著者

Mariam KARIM Tooba IQBAL Allah NAWAZ Keisuke YAKU Takashi NAKAGAWA

出版者

Center for Academic Publications Japan

雑誌

Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology (ISSN:03014800)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.69, no.3, pp.184-189, 2023-06-30 (Released:2023-06-30)

参考文献数

34

被引用文献数

1

---

Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) is a coenzyme that mediates many redox reactions in energy metabolism. NAD+ is also a substrate for ADP-ribosylation and deacetylation by poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase and sirtuin, respectively. Nicotinamide mononucleotide adenylyltransferase 1 (Nmnat1) is a NAD+ biosynthesizing enzyme found in the nucleus. Recent research has shown that the maintaining NAD+ levels is critical for sustaining muscle functions both in physiological and pathological conditions. However, the role of Nmnat1 in skeletal muscle remains unexplored. In this study, we generated skeletal muscle-specific Nmnat1 knockout (M-Nmnat1 KO) mice and investigated its role in skeletal muscle. We found that NAD+ levels were significantly lower in the skeletal muscle of M-Nmnat1 KO mice than in control mice. M-Nmnat1 KO mice, in contrast, had similar body weight and normal muscle histology. Furthermore, the distribution of muscle fiber size and gene expressions of muscle fiber type gene expression were comparable in M-Nmnat1 KO and control mice. Finally, we investigated the role of Nmnat1 in muscle regeneration using cardiotoxin-induced muscle injury model, but muscle regeneration appeared almost normal in M-Nmnat1 KO mice. These findings imply that Nmnat1 has a redundancy in the pathophysiology of skeletal muscle.