著者

直原 康光 安藤 智子 JIKIHARA Yasumitsu ANDO Satoko

出版者

Division of Physhology, Faculty of Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba

雑誌

筑波大学心理学研究 = Tsukuba Psychological Research (ISSN:09158952)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.55, pp.73-85, 2018-02-28

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This paper (a) summarizes both the Japanese and English literature regarding the measurement of parental conflict following separation or divorce, (b) discusses that literature, especially, studies on the psychological effects on children, and (c) offers some suggestions for further research issues. Based on a search of an electronic database, two Japanese articles and 26 English articles are reviewed. Parental conflict includes (i) inter-parental conflict, (ii) being caught between parents, and (iii) parental alienation behaviors and parental denigration. There has been very little research assessing the effects of parental conflict following separation or divorce within the Japanese articles. Within the English literature, there are few appropriate measures of parental conflict and the results concerning parental conflict and child adjustment are mixed. For future research, it is necessary to clarify the relationships and influences between the various aspects of parental conflict, to develop a scale of parental conflict, and to investigate the relationships and influences between parental conflict, parenting time and quality of parenting.

著者

藤代 富広 松井 豊 FUJISHIRO Tomihiro MATSUI Yutaka

出版者

Division of Physhology, Faculty of Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba

雑誌

筑波大学心理学研究 = Tsukuba Psychological Research (ISSN:09158952)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.55, pp.27-37, 2018-02-28

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The purpose of this article is to overview of research on critical incident stress of police officers. Based on prior resrach, we discuss four perspectives. (1)The possibility of probable PTSD prevalence among police officers who engaged in disaster relief is 10%. (2)Police officers who angaged in disaster relief cannot recover their critical incident stress spontaneously over time. (3)There are few studies on critical incident stress of Japanese police officers. (4)There are few researches on organaizational measures to the critical inscident stress of police officers. Further research in this area should investigate the critical incident stress of police officers in various disasters and accumulate knowledge to promote care for police officers from critical incident stress.

著者

原田 佑規 原田 悦子 須藤 智 HARADA Yuki HARADA Etsuko T. SUTO Satoru

出版者

Division of Physhology, Faculty of Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba

雑誌

筑波大学心理学研究 = Tsukuba Psychological Research (ISSN:09158952)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.56, pp.27-34, 2018-08-31

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The Cognitive Reflection Test (CRT: Frederick, 2005) is a test designed to measure individual differences in intuitive-reflective thinking styles, and consists of three questions in a fixed order. Although Toplak, West, & Stanovich (2014) have proposed four additional questions, their validity as substitutes was not fully examined. This study investigated (1) the equivalences of the original and new questions, (2) order effects for the three original questions, and (3) the dependency of the CRT across instruction conditions (i.e., standard, under time pressures or stressing accuracy). More specifically, we administered a paper-and-pencil version of the CRT to 128 undergraduate students and analyzed both task performances and confirmation ratings. The results indicated (a) that three of the new questions are not suitable substitutes for the original CRT questions, (b) that order effects in terms of independent item-specific characteristics were observed only for the confirmation ratings, and (c) that the instructions had no effect on either performance or confirmation ratings. Finally, we discussed the importance of investigating both the CRT’s methodology and the cognitive processes underlying the CRT.

著者

松井 豊 髙本 真寛 MATSUI Yutaka TAKAMOTO Masahiro

出版者

Division of Physhology, Faculty of Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba

雑誌

筑波大学心理学研究 = Tsukuba Psychological Research (ISSN:09158952)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.56, pp.59-66, 2018-08-31

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Within psychology, it is often necessary to analyze qualitative data, such as interview data, in terms of the multivariate analysis framework. Many analytical methods have been developed for qualitative data; representative among them is the quantification theory that has been theoretically systematized by Chikio Hayashi. Within quantification theory, type III is a method of simultaneous multipurpose classification, but it is rarely utilized and is often misunderstood. This paper first outlines the mathematical distinctions of type III quantification theory and then summarizes the points to keep in mind, illustrating with some applications for psychological research.

著者

長峯 聖人 外山 美樹 NAGAMINE Masato TOYAMA Miki

出版者

Division of Physhology, Faculty of Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba

雑誌

筑波大学心理学研究 = Tsukuba Psychological Research (ISSN:09158952)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.56, pp.21-26, 2018-08-31

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Many studies have been conducted on nostalgia outside Japan, whereas only a few studies have been conducted in Japan. This study proposed that by explaining nostalgia with the concept of "natsukashisa with sentimentality", results of previous studies on functional features of nostalgia in English-speaking countries would be replicated, and we conducted two studies. Studies 1 and 2 compared functional features of "natsukashisa with sentimentality", including increased authenticity, respectively under normal conditions or threat to the self. Both of two studies were conducted on undergraduate students, 82 students participated in study 1, and 45 students participated in study 2. These studies supported our hypothesis. Finally, future perspectives on studies of nostalgia in Japan were discussed.

著者

高橋 克匡 一谷 幸男 山田 一夫

出版者

Division of Physhology, Faculty of Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba

雑誌

筑波大学心理学研究 = Tsukuba Psychological Research (ISSN:09158952)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.55, pp.1-7, 2018-02-28

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Dependence refers to the state of abnormally relying on or needing someone or something. Although the neural mechanisms of drug-dependence have been intensively studied, those of gambledependences are still unclear. Since "gambling disorder" was adopted within the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5) as a mental disorder, researchers have been focusing on developing an effective treatment for the disorder. Deviant decision-making processes, such as risk preference or short-sighted thinking, are thought to be related to both drug- and gambledependences. Elucidating the biological mechanisms of deviant decision-making processes using the rat gambling task (rGT), based on the Iowa Gambling Task for humans, can undoubtedly provide novel approaches to the treatments of drug dependences and gamble disorder. In this paper, we focus on the relationships between drug- and gamble-dependences and decision-making processes and review recent studies that address the biological mechanisms underlying the deviant decision-making processes in rodents.