著者

Takahashi Kazutoshi Yamanaka Shinya

出版者

Elsevier Inc.

雑誌

Cell (ISSN:00928674)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.126, no.4, pp.663-676, 2006-08-25

被引用文献数

20074

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This article is related to the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2012

著者

TAKAHASHI K

出版者

Elsevier Inc.

雑誌

Cell (ISSN:00928674)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.126, no.4, pp.663-676, 2006-08-25

被引用文献数

157 20074

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This article is related to the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2012Differentiated cells can be reprogrammed to an embryonic-like state by transfer of nuclear contents into oocytes or by fusion with embryonic stem (ES) cells. Little is known about factors that induce this reprogramming. Here, we demonstrate induction of pluripotent stem cells from mouse embryonic or adult fibroblasts by introducing four factors, Oct3/4, Sox2, c-Myc, and Klf4, under ES cell culture conditions. Unexpectedly, Nanog was dispensable. These cells, which we designated iPS (induced pluripotent stem) cells, exhibit the morphology and growth properties of ES cells and express ES cell marker genes. Subcutaneous transplantation of iPS cells into nude mice resulted in tumors containing a variety of tissues from all three germ layers. Following injection into blastocysts, iPS cells contributed to mouse embryonic development. These data demonstrate that pluripotent stem cells can be directly generated from fibroblast cultures by the addition of only a few defined factors.

著者

Okita Keisuke Yamanaka Shinya

出版者

Elsevier Inc.

雑誌

Experimental cell research (ISSN:00144827)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.316, no.16, pp.2565-2570, 2010-10-01

被引用文献数

68

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Somatic cells can be reprogrammed into pluripotent stem cells by introducing a combination of several transcription factors. The induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells from a patient's somatic cells could be useful source of cells for drug discovery and cell transplantation therapies. However, most human iPS cells are made by viral vectors, such as retrovirus and lentivirus, which integrate the reprogramming factors into host genomes and may increase the risk of tumor formation. Studies of the mechanisms underlying the reprogramming and establishment of non-integration methods contribute evidence to resolve the safety concerns associated with iPS cells. On the other hand, patient-specific iPS cells have already been established and used for recapitulating disease pathology.

著者

Yamagishi Toshio Mifune Nobuhiro

出版者

Elsevier Inc.

雑誌

Evolution and Human Behavior (ISSN:10905138)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.30, no.4, pp.229-237, 2009-07

被引用文献数

77

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Men exhibit a stronger tendency to favor the in-group over the out-group than women. We examined if this male-specific "coalitional psychology" represents in-group love or out-group hatred. One hundred thirty-three college freshmen played a Prisoner's Dilemma Game with a member of their own group and a member of another group. Both groups consisted of same sex participants. An in-group bias -- cooperation at a higher level with the in-group than the out-group -- based on expectations of cooperation from the in-group was observed for both men and women. When such expectations were experimentally eliminated, women did not show any in-group bias whereas men still exhibited an in-group bias. The male-specific in-group bias in this condition was found to be a product of intra-group cooperation rather than inter-group competition. These findings suggest that the male-specific coalitional psychology catered more toward within-group solidarity than promotion of aggression against the out-group.

著者

Takashima Seiji Kanatsu-Shinohara Mito Tanaka Takashi Morimoto Hiroko Inoue Kimiko Ogonuki Narumi Jijiwa Mayumi Takahashi Masahide Ogura Atsuo Shinohara Takashi

出版者

Elsevier Inc.

雑誌

Stem Cell Reports (ISSN:22136711)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.4, no.3, pp.489-502, 2015-02

被引用文献数

128

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精子幹細胞の新しい自己複製様式の発見 -男性不妊症の原因解明、遺伝病の発症機序の理解に期待-. 京都大学プレスリリース. 2015-02-13.

著者

Gotoh Shimpei Ito Isao Nagasaki Tadao Yamamoto Yuki Konishi Satoshi Korogi Yohei Matsumoto Hisako Muro Shigeo Hirai Toyohiro Funato Michinori Mae Shin-Ichi Toyoda Taro Sato-Otsubo Aiko Ogawa Seishi Osafune Kenji Mishima Michiaki

出版者

Elsevier Inc.

雑誌

Stem cell reports (ISSN:00928674)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.3, no.3, pp.394-403, 2014-09-09

被引用文献数

255

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ヒトiPS細胞から肺胞上皮細胞を分化誘導し、単離する方法を確立 -肺の再生/創薬研究につながる大きな一歩-. 京都大学プレスリリース. 2014-08-22.

著者

Oda Hirotsugu Nakagawa Kenji Abe Junya Awaya Tomonari Funabiki Masahide Hijikata Atsushi Nishikomori Ryuta Funatsuka Makoto Ohshima Yusei Sugawara Yuji Yasumi Takahiro Kato Hiroki Shirai Tsuyoshi Ohara Osamu Fujita Takashi Heike Toshio

出版者

Elsevier Inc.

雑誌

American journal of human genetics (ISSN:15376605)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.95, no.1, pp.121-125, 2014-07-03

被引用文献数

167

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アイカルディ・グチエール症候群の新規責任遺伝子IFIH1の同定. 京都大学プレスリリース. 2014-07-04.Aicardi-Goutières syndrome (AGS) is a rare, genetically determined early-onset progressive encephalopathy. To date, mutations in six genes have been identified as etiologic for AGS. Our Japanese nationwide AGS survey identified six AGS-affected individuals without a molecular diagnosis; we performed whole-exome sequencing on three of these individuals. After removal of the common polymorphisms found in SNP databases, we were able to identify IFIH1 heterozygous missense mutations in all three. In vitro functional analysis revealed that IFIH1 mutations increased type I interferon production, and the transcription of interferon-stimulated genes were elevated. IFIH1 encodes MDA5, and mutant MDA5 lacked ligand-specific responsiveness, similarly to the dominant Ifih1 mutation responsible for the SLE mouse model that results in type I interferon overproduction. This study suggests that the IFIH1 mutations are responsible for the AGS phenotype due to an excessive production of type I interferon.

著者

Kinoshita Tamotu

出版者

Elsevier Inc.

雑誌

Journal of differential equations (ISSN:00220396)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.261, no.10, pp.5411-5423, 2016-11

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In this paper, we study well-posedness issues in the weighted L2L2 space for the Cauchy problem on [0,T]×Rx[0,T]×Rx for wave equations of the form View the MathML source∂t2u−a(t,x)∂x2u=0. We shall give the condition a(t,x)>0a(t,x)>0 for all (t,x)∈[0,T]×Rx(t,x)∈[0,T]×Rx which is between the strictly hyperbolic condition and weakly hyperbolic one, and allows the decaying coefficient a(t,x)a(t,x) such that lim|x|→∞⁡a(t,x)=0lim|x|→∞⁡a(t,x)=0 for all t∈[0,T]t∈[0,T]. Our concerns are the loss of derivatives and decays of the solutions.

著者

Katada Chikatoshi Yokoyama Tetsuji Yano Tomonori Kaneko Kazuhiro Oda Ichiro Shimizu Yuichi Doyama Hisashi Koike Tomoyuki Takizawa Kohei Hirao Motohiro Okada Hiroyuki Yoshii Takako Konishi Kazuo Yamanouchi Takenori Tsuda Takashi Omori Tai Kobayashi Nozomu Shimoda Tadakazu Ochiai Atsushi Amanuma Yusuke Ohashi Shinya Matsuda Tomonari Ishikawa Hideki Yokoyama Akira Muto Manabu

出版者

Elsevier Inc.

雑誌

Gastroenterology (ISSN:00165085)

巻号頁・発行日

2016-08-01

被引用文献数

138

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アルコール摂取と多発性の前がん病変が食道および頭頸部の扁平上皮がん発生を増加させる : 禁酒・禁煙効果も含めて. 京都大学プレスリリース. 2016-08-25.

著者

Tanaka Takashi Kanatsu-Shinohara Mito Lei Zhenmin Rao C.V. Shinohara Takashi

出版者

Elsevier Inc.

雑誌

Stem Cell Reports (ISSN:22136711)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.7, no.2, pp.279-291, 2016-08-09

被引用文献数

52

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精子幹細胞の自己複製を促す新規遺伝子の発見. 京都大学プレスリリース. 2016-08-10.

著者

Kitazawa Koji Hikichi Takafusa Nakamura Takahiro Mitsunaga Kanae Tanaka Azusa Nakamura Masahiro Yamakawa Tatsuya Furukawa Shiori Takasaka Mieko Goshima Naoki Watanabe Akira Okita Keisuke Kawasaki Satoshi Ueno Morio Kinoshita Shigeru Masui Shinji

出版者

Elsevier Inc.

雑誌

Cell reports (ISSN:22111247)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.15, 2016-04-28

被引用文献数

59

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ヒト角膜上皮分化を規定している新分子を発見-OVOL2は角膜上皮における上皮性恒常維持に関与-. 京都大学プレスリリース. 2016-05-09.

著者

Kitayama Shuichi Zhang Rong Liu Tian-Yi Ueda Norihiro Iriguchi Shoichi Yasui Yutaka Kawai Yohei Tatsumi Minako Hirai Norihito Mizoro Yasutaka Iwama Tatsuaki Watanabe Akira Nakanishi Mahito Kuzushima Kiyotaka Uemura Yasushi Kaneko Shin

出版者

Elsevier Inc.

雑誌

Stem cell reports (ISSN:22136711)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.6, no.2, pp.213-227, 2016-02-09

被引用文献数

66

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ヒトiPS細胞から、免疫機能を活性化させる細胞の作製に成功. 京都大学プレスリリース. 2016-03-24.

著者

Oda Hirotsugu Nakagawa Kenji Abe Junya Awaya Tomonari Funabiki Masahide Hijikata Atsushi Nishikomori Ryuta Funatsuka Makoto Ohshima Yusei Sugawara Yuji Yasumi Takahiro Kato Hiroki Shirai Tsuyoshi Ohara Osamu Fujita Takashi Heike Toshio

出版者

Elsevier Inc.

雑誌

American journal of human genetics (ISSN:15376605)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.95, no.1, pp.121-125, 2014-07-03

被引用文献数

167

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アイカルディ・グチエール症候群の新規責任遺伝子IFIH1の同定. 京都大学プレスリリース. 2014-07-04.

著者

Yamagata Kenji Ito Hiroyuki Onizawa Kojiro Yamatoji Masanobu Yanagawa Toru Bukawa Hiroki

出版者

Elsevier Inc.

雑誌

Journal of oral and maxillofacial surgery (ISSN:02782391)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.71, no.12, pp.2189-2194, 2013-12

被引用文献数

6

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PurposeIn gingival squamous cell carcinoma (GSCC), the association between survival and previous dental extraction (DE) is controversial. The purpose of this study was to investigate the prognosis for patients in whom GSCC was detected after DE was performed.Patients and MethodsDE for GSCC tumor symptoms was performed in 19 patients before diagnosis (DE group) and not in 58 patients (non-DE group). The clinical features, characteristics, and prognosis were evaluated statistically between the 2 groups.ResultsThe interval from DE to the first hospital visit was 1.1 to 97 weeks (median, 7.3 weeks). There was no significant difference in tumor status, node status, local recurrence, pathologically positive lymph nodes, or distant metastasis between the DE and non-DE groups. Bone invasion was observed radiographically in 6 patients with mandibular GSCC in the DE group (100%) and 13 in the non-DE group (68.4%). There was a significant difference in bone invasion between the DE and non-DE groups (P < .01). Segmental mandibulectomy was performed in 11 patients (84.6%) in the DE group and 21 patients (61.8%) in the non-DE group. Extent of resection tended to be larger for the DE group. The 5-year overall survival rate was 84.6% for the DE group and 65.8% for patients with mandibular GSCC in the non-DE group. For maxillary GSCC, the survival rates differed significantly between groups (33.3% in DE group and 73.7% in non-DE group).ConclusionsFor mandibular GSCC, the resection field was appropriate for the extent of bone invasion after DE and the prognosis was similar to that in the non-DE group. For maxillary GSCC, a broad surgical field is suggested because of the potential for rapid spread in cancellous bony trabeculae.

著者

Ito K. Skibsted E.

出版者

Elsevier Inc.

雑誌

Advances in mathematics (ISSN:00018708)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.248, pp.945-962, 2013-11

被引用文献数

8 10

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In this paper we study absence of embedded eigenvalues for Schrödinger operators on non-compact connected Riemannian manifolds. A principal example is given by a manifold with an end (possibly more than one) in which geodesic coordinates are naturally defined. In this case one of our geometric conditions is a positive lower bound of the second fundamental form of angular submanifolds at infinity inside the end. Another condition is an upper bound of the trace of this quantity, while a third one is a bound of the derivatives of part of the trace (some oscillatory behaviour of the trace is allowed). In addition to geometric bounds we need conditions on the potential, a regularity property of the domain of the Schrödinger operator and the unique continuation property. Examples include ends endowed with asymptotic Euclidean or hyperbolic metrics.

著者

Kubota Shigeki Nakata Yoshio Eguchi Kiyoshi Kawamoto Hiroaki Kamibayashi Kiyotaka Sakane Masataka Sankai Yoshiyuki Ochiai Naoyuki

出版者

Elsevier Inc.

雑誌

Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation (ISSN:00039993)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.94, no.6, pp.1080-1087, 2013-06

被引用文献数

134 15

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ObjectiveTo investigate the feasibility of rehabilitation training with a new wearable robot.DesignBefore-after clinical intervention.SettingUniversity hospital and private rehabilitation facilities.ParticipantsA convenience sample of patients (N=38) with limited mobility. The underlying diseases were stroke (n=12), spinal cord injuries (n=8), musculoskeletal diseases (n=4), and other diseases (n=14).InterventionsThe patients received 90-minute training with a wearable robot twice per week for 8 weeks (16 sessions).Main Outcome MeasuresFunctional ambulation was assessed with the 10-m walk test (10MWT) and the Timed Up & Go (TUG) test, and balance ability was assessed with the Berg Balance Scale (BBS). Both assessments were performed at baseline and after rehabilitation.ResultsThirty-two patients completed 16 sessions of training with the wearable robot. The results of the 10MWT included significant improvements in gait speed, number of steps, and cadence. Although improvements were observed, as measured with the TUG test and BBS, the results were not statistically significant. No serious adverse events were observed during the training.ConclusionsEight weeks of rehabilitative training with the wearable robot (16 sessions of 90min) could be performed safely and effectively, even many years after the subjects received their diagnosis.

著者

Tokunaga Chiho Hiramatsu Yuji Kanemoto Shinya Takahashi-Igari Miho Abe Masakazu Horigome Hitoshi Sakakibara Yuzuru

出版者

Elsevier Inc.

雑誌

The annals of thoracic surgery (ISSN:00034975)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.95, no.5, pp.1685-1688, 2013-05

被引用文献数

13

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BackgroundWhile β-blockers can be effective in controlling tachyarrhythmias after pediatric cardiac surgery, a negative inotropic influence sometimes complicates their use. Landiolol hydrochloride is a novel, ultra-short-acting β-blocker recently developed in Japan. The drug has higher β1:β2 selectivity ratio and a less negative inotropic effect. This study retrospectively evaluates the efficacy and safety of landiolol in the management of tachyarrhythmias after pediatric cardiac surgery.MethodsA retrospective analysis was performed on 312 consecutive patients undergoing surgery for congenital heart disease. Twelve patients were treated with landiolol for critical tachyarrhythmia. The mean age of patients was 28.7 ± 10.6 months. Five junctional ectopic tachycardia, 2 atrial flutters, 1 paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia, 1 atrial fibrillation, 1 atrioventricular reciprocating tachycardia with Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome and 2 excessive sinus tachycardia were treated.ResultsThe mean loading and maintenance doses were 11.3 ± 4.0 and 6.8 ± 0.9 μg/kg per minute, respectively. Rate control was achieved in all patients. Landiolol reduced the heart rate from 169.7 ± 11.4 to 127.7 ± 7.5 beats per minute (p < 0.05) while blood pressure did not significantly change. Tachyarrhythmias were converted to sinus rhythm in 70.0% of the cases and the average time needed to achieve heart rate reduction was 2.3 ± 0.5 hours.ConclusionsLandiolol was efficacious in treating tachyarrhythmia in pediatric cardiac surgery. The desired negative chronotropic effect was achieved without significant hemodynamic compromise. The ultra-short half-life of landiolol provided rapid dose manipulation. This study suggests that landiolol is a promising option for the management of postoperative tachyarrhythmias in pediatric patients.

著者

Peres Rodrigo T. Aranha Claus Pedreira Carlos E.

出版者

Elsevier Inc.

雑誌

Information sciences (ISSN:00200255)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.232, pp.104-115, 2013-03

被引用文献数

4 1

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We propose a new method to project n-dimensional data onto two dimensions, for visualization purposes. Our goal is to produce a bi-dimensional representation that better separate existing clusters. Accordingly, to generate this projection we apply Differential Evolution as a meta-heuristic to optimize a divergence measure of the projected data. This divergence measure is based on the Cauchy–Schwartz divergence, extended for multiple classes. It accounts for the separability of the clusters in the projected space using the Renyi entropy and Information Theoretical Clustering analysis. We test the proposed method on two synthetic and five real world data sets, obtaining well separated projected clusters in two dimensions. These results were compared with results generated by PCA and a recent likelihood based visualization method.

著者

Li Yuanying Yamagishi Kazumasa Yatsuya Hiroshi Tamakoshi Akiko Iso Hiroyasu

出版者

Elsevier Inc.

雑誌

Preventive medicine (ISSN:00917435)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.55, no.6, pp.639-643, 2012-12

被引用文献数

11 4

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ObjectiveTo investigate an effect of smoking cessation on chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) mortality in Asians.MethodsThe data was obtained from the Japan Collaborative Cohort Study for Evaluation of Cancer Risk (JACC Study). A total of 41465 Japanese men and 52662 Japanese women aged 40–79 years who had no history of COPD, asthma, other chronic lung diseases, cardiovascular disease or cancer were followed between 1988 and 2008.ResultsDuring median 18-year of follow-up, there were 285 (251 men and 34 women) documented deaths from COPD. Multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios with 95% confidence intervals of COPD death were 4.46 (2.72–7.29) and 9.26 (4.19–20.5), respectively for current male and female smokers when compared to never smokers. Compared with current smokers, the multivariable HRs for 5–9 years and 10 years or more smoking cessation prior to baseline were 0.44 (0.22–0.87) and 0.36 (0.22–0.58) in men, respectively while the HR for never smokers was 0.30 (0.16–0.57). There were an insufficient number of COPD deaths in women to clarify this association.ConclusionSmoking cessation for ten years or more prior to enrollment reverses the excess risk of COPD mortality to a level similar to that observed among never smokers in men.

著者

Kinoshita Kensuke Hattori Kazuya Ota Yoshio Kanai Takao Shimizu Miyuki Kobayashi Hiroyuki Tokuda Yasuharu

出版者

Elsevier Inc.

雑誌

Experimental gerontology (ISSN:05315565)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.48, no.2, pp.255-258, 2013-02

被引用文献数

14

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PurposeDry axilla can sometimes be found among dehydrated older patients. In this study, we measured the axillary moisture and assessed it as possible marker for dehydration.MethodsTwenty-nine older patients admitted with acute medical conditions participated in this study. Dehydration was diagnosed by the calculated serum osmolality of greater than 295 mOsm/L. The moisture of axilla was measured by a skin moisture impedance meter which was applied at the center of axilla of patients.Results11 patients (7 males and 4 females) were diagnosed as dehydrated and 18 patients (10 males and 8 females) were diagnosed as non-dehydrated. The mean axillary moisture (33%) in the dehydrated group was significantly lower than that (42%) in the non-dehydrated group (p < 0.05). The axillary moisture ≥ 50% showed the sensitivity of 88%. The axillary moisture < 30% showed the specificity of 91%. Use of a single cutoff value of 40% moisture produced the sensitivity of 59% and the specificity of 9%. As for the physical signs, dry axilla had also moderate sensitivity and excellent specificity to detect dehydration.ConclusionsThe measurement of the axillary moisture could help assess dehydration. Dehydration could be ruled out when the axillary moisture ≥ 50%, while it could be ruled-in when the axillary moisture is < 30%.