著者

井上 浩子

出版者

一般財団法人 日本国際政治学会

雑誌

国際政治 (ISSN:04542215)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.2016, no.185, pp.185_98-185_113, 2016-10-25 (Released:2016-11-22)

参考文献数

59

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This paper examines the development of judicial system building in post-1999 East Timor. Central to the following discussion is an examination of the frictions, overlaps, and interactions between the newly introduced system and locally-maintained laws and social orders. When the judicial system building process commenced, security in local communities was largely maintained by local ‘traditional’ leaders, and conflicts were solved primarily through local conflict resolution mechanisms. Was the local social orders taken into account in the process of judicial system building? If so, how? And how did the local population, living within local social orders, respond to a judicial system built under international intervention?The discussion commences by critically examining the conventional approach to understanding liberal peace-building and state-building. The mainstream literature of international peace-building and statebuilding has often regarded Western democracies as a normative goal of governance, assuming that the construction of liberal-democratic state institutions would, inherently, bring peace and stability to conflict-ridden societies. Such literature tends to overlook the locally-grown ‘traditional’ forms of law,and, moreover, regards the local society and its population as passive objects of the liberal peace-building rather than active participants in the process. Consequently, these conventional approaches tend to fail to appropriately grasp the nature of contemporary state-institution building.Taking local actors and their legal culture seriously, the subsequent sections of this paper examine the development of legal order in post-1999 East Timor. First, the formation of local social orders in Timor-Leste are placed in a historical context that highlights how encounters with external forces, such as Portugal and Indonesia, have resulted in a state of legal pluralism, where a variety of ‘traditional’ and ‘modern’ laws coexisted in one society. Attention then turns to the judicial system building in post-1999 East Timor. Led and supported by international actors, state-builders tended to focus on ‘modern’ institution building, while overlooking legal plurality, or dismissing the local legal system in East Timor. At first this modern legal system faced difficulties engaging with the local population; the formal courts were rarely used for the purpose of conflict resolution because people continued to rely on local community mechanisms to solve their day-to-day problems. However, in recent years efforts to provide access to justice—such as legal support and financial assistance—have increased interaction between the formal judicial system and the local population. As such, local law and order practices are now in a dialogue with the new institutions, and a process of constructing and reconstructing local legal orders is underway.

著者

金子 芳樹 浅野 亮 井上 浩子 工藤 年博 稲田 十一 小笠原 高雪 山田 満 平川 幸子 吉野 文雄 福田 保

出版者

獨協大学

雑誌

基盤研究(B)

巻号頁・発行日

2017-04-01

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本研究のASEANを①拡大と深化の過程、②地域横断的イシューの展開 、③域内各国の政治社会変動分析という観点から「国際・地域・国内」の3次元で捉え直すという目的に沿って、第1年目の平成29年度においては、各担当者が現地調査や文献調査を中心に国別、イシュー別の調査を進めた。また、本研究のもう一つの特徴である「ASEANとEUとの比較」という観点については、その第1歩としてEU研究者を報告者に招聘して研究会を複数回開催し、EUの組織や地域統合のあり方などについて研究分担者・協力者の理解を深める活動を行った。その際、ASEANとEUの両研究分野の相互交流や共同研究を今後進めていくことについても、その体制造りなどを含めて意見交換を行い、具体的な段階へと歩を進める準備を行った。さらに、本研究の研究成果を逐次社会に公表していくという目的と、研究の新たな展開と蓄積のために他国や他分野の研究者との情報・意見交換を進めるという目的に沿って、国内の公開シンポジウムや学会ならびに他国開催の国際研究集会に研究分担者・協力者を派遣もしくは参加支援を行った。また、各研究分担者・協力者は、本研究のテーマもしくは関連テーマに関する論文および書籍の発表・刊行を積極的に行った。これらを通して、研究成果の公表とフィードバック、新たな研究知見の獲得、国内外での研究人脈の形成といった面でそれぞれに成果を得ることができた。上記のような諸活動を通して、1年目の目標であった本研究の基盤作りを着実に進めることができ、2年目以降のステップアップに向けた準備を整えることができた。