3 0 0 0 OA ダンゴムシの意思決定
- 著者
- 森山 徹 右田 正夫
- 出版者
- 人工知能学会
- 雑誌
- 人工知能学会全国大会論文集 (ISSN:13479881)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.27, 2013
ダンゴムシをT字路に連続して遭遇させると、左右交互に転向を続ける(交替性転向)。我々はT字路を搭載した2台の回転盤を操作し、個体を140回連続してT字路に遭遇させ、歩行軌跡を平面展開し、空間的パターンを得た。交替性転向の発現率が高い個体ではパターンは直線的だったが、片方への転向や引き返しを頻繁に生じた個体では、より複雑で平面的だった。これらのパターンの生成過程に意思決定の片鱗を探る試みを紹介する。
2 0 0 0 OA ダンゴムシの意思決定
- 著者
- 森山 徹 右田 正夫
- 出版者
- 一般社団法人 人工知能学会
- 雑誌
- 人工知能学会全国大会論文集 第27回全国大会(2013)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- pp.2L4OS24d3, 2013 (Released:2018-07-30)
ダンゴムシをT字路に連続して遭遇させると、左右交互に転向を続ける(交替性転向)。我々はT字路を搭載した2台の回転盤を操作し、個体を140回連続してT字路に遭遇させ、歩行軌跡を平面展開し、空間的パターンを得た。交替性転向の発現率が高い個体ではパターンは直線的だったが、片方への転向や引き返しを頻繁に生じた個体では、より複雑で平面的だった。これらのパターンの生成過程に意思決定の片鱗を探る試みを紹介する。
2 0 0 0 OA オカダンゴムシにおける状況に応じた行動の発現
- 著者
- 森山 徹 Vladimir Riabov 右田 正夫
- 出版者
- 日本認知科学会
- 雑誌
- 認知科学 (ISSN:13417924)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.12, no.3, pp.188-206, 2005 (Released:2009-10-16)
- 参考文献数
- 28
- 被引用文献数
- 2
Most of behavioral patterns in animals can be interpreted as passive mechanical reactions to stimuli. This idea of Innate Release Mechanism dominated in ethology for a long time. However, if all types of behavior were caused by this mechanism only, animals would not survive in any novel situation where some new behaviors become necessary. Contrary to the traditional theory, we demonstrate that pill bugs (Armadillidium vulgare, Isopoda, Crustacean) can adapt to a new situation by spontaneously generating a new (special) behavior. In our experiments, each bug was placed to an annulus-shaped substrate surrounded by water (test conditions) or acrylic wall (control conditions). Small obstacles were introduced at regular intervals in the middle of the annulus. Normally, the bugs move in a well-known turn-alternation behavioral pattern, touching the obstacle repeatedly. However, as they are destined to die staying in water for more than about thirty minutes, moving along the water becomes dangerous but crucial for their survival activity, resulting in the emergence of the new type of behavior. Under such conditions, the bugs demonstrated mounting to the obstacles, i.e. the behavior rarely observed in the absence of water. Sometimes, this mounting behavior was observed recurrently after wandering around obstacles without touching the water. In the control experiment, when the annulus substrate was surrounded by acrylic wall, mounting behavior happened rarely. We further study the time series corresponding to the behavioral pattern of touching the obstacles by means of wavelet analysis, in order to reveal characteristic periods of each kind of behavior under different conditions. Several pronounced periods in the interval of 50-200 seconds have been detected in both the experimental and control groups. This result implies that pill bugs scan the environment with certain periods, and express mounting behavior occasionally. In the presence of water, mounting behavior apparently decreases the probability of direct contact with the water. Expression of this kind of adaptive multiple-choice behavior can be interpreted as an “intelligent” activity of pill bugs.
2 0 0 0 OA 動物行動における擬合理性のモデル化: オカダンゴムシの交替性転向反応における
- 著者
- 右田 正夫 森山 徹
- 出版者
- 日本認知科学会
- 雑誌
- 認知科学 (ISSN:13417924)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.12, no.3, pp.207-220, 2005 (Released:2009-10-16)
- 参考文献数
- 33
- 被引用文献数
- 2
Animal individuals should have rationality in the sense that they can behave adaptively to their environments, executing various tasks concerning reproduction and⁄or survival. Such rationality as exhibited by animals is called “ratiomorph”, when it may not be attributed to their conscious thinking. A ratiomorph is considered to have been implemented by means of certain physiological mechanisms, which have been subjected to various selection pressures for animal cognitive capacities. In the present study, we conducted computer simulations on models of ratiomorphic mechanisms and a simple stimulus-response (SR) rule; a modal behavior pattern of the pill bug called “Turn Alternation” (TA) response is modeled as an example of ratiomorphic behavior. In the TA behavior, a pill bug turns to left and right alternately. It has been suggested that one of the simplest and the most plausible explanations of the TA response is the Bilaterally Asymmetrical Leg Movements (BALM). We constructed computer models to reproduce the pill bug's behavior by formulating the BALM mechanism as logical formulas and transforming them into dynamical systems. Our models can be recognized as expressions of ratiomorphic property of the pill bug in terms that “rationality”, expressed as logical formulas, is implemented in the forms of dynamical systems, and produced more diverse behaviors than the model based on the SR rule. From the results of our computer simulations, it is suggested that an animal with ratiomorphic mechanism may carry flexibility and cognitive aspects in its behavior.
2 0 0 0 チャット会話の秩序:インターバル解析による会話構造の研究
- 著者
- 水上 悦雄 右田 正夫
- 出版者
- 日本認知科学会
- 雑誌
- 認知科学 = Cognitive studies : bulletin of the Japanese Cognitive Science Society (ISSN:13417924)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.9, no.1, pp.77-88, 2002-03-01
- 被引用文献数
- 4 4
It has been suggested that chat system provides real time communication like direct conversation. However, chat conversation has distinctive complexity compared with direct and telephone conversation. One often has difficulty in determining whether he is the <i>talker</i> or the <i>watcher</i>. Furthermore, it is not always clear for one that which topic appearing on the record should be referred to. In the present paper, the authors investigated how the order in chat conversation is established, and what kind of efforts are made by the participants. Generally speaking, the couples of subjects maintained the order by sending messages alternately, suggesting that they could basically determine whether they were the <i>talker</i> or the <i>watcher</i>. However, the order was easily broken down when one sent a message so as to interrupt the other's sending. It is discussed that one of the reasons that such interrupting messages were sent was duality of the meaning of an interval between two successive messages; the interval might simultaneously be a sign of the other participant's <i>silence</i> and that of the other's taking time to prepare his/her message. Breaking down of the order were often followed by the situation that several threads appeared on the display were maintained for a while, implying that order with more complicated interaction could emerge through the failure at taking the roles of <i>talker</i> and <i>watcher</i> alternately.
