著者

南 光太郎 堅田 元喜 北 和之 反町 篤行 保坂 健太郎 五十嵐 康人

出版者

日本エアロゾル学会

雑誌

エアロゾル研究 (ISSN:09122834)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.35, no.3, pp.208-218, 2020

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<p> Following the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant accident, it has been recognized that bioaerosols with radioactive cesium may have released from radiologically contaminated forest into the atmosphere. In order to evaluate the above process, the emission rate of bioaerosol was inversely estimated using a numerical model named SOLVEG that includes the processes of emission, deposition, and turbulent transport of aerosols. For the inverse estimation, micrometeorological variables and bioaerosol number concentration and flux were observed at a Japanese temperate broad-leaved forest in summer. By tuning modelled emission rate of bioaerosols from forest floor, its best estimate was obtained at the agreement between calculated and observed concentrations below the canopy. General trends of calculated momentum, heat, and bioaerosol fluxes above the canopy were also reproduced in the simulation. In the numerical experiment without bioaerosol input at the top of atmosphere above the canopy, a certain amount (59%) of bioaerosol flux at the floor released above the canopy top, while the rest of the flux deposited onto both canopy and soil. This potential flux above the canopy top was 2.0±1.8×10^-2 μg m^-2 s^-1, which may correspond to the re-emission rate proposed previously by the chemical transport model.</p>

著者

堅田 元喜 永井 晴康

出版者

日本エアロゾル学会

雑誌

エアロゾル研究 (ISSN:09122834)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.25, no.4, pp.323-330, 2010 (Released:2011-01-18)

参考文献数

35

被引用文献数

2

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Recent progress in modeling particle deposition onto vegetation and the issues in validating these models are described in the present paper. Comparisons of size-dependent deposition velocity between calculations and observations may not be sufficient to validate individual modeled processes incorporated in the particle deposition model. The differences of environmental factors between measurements and calculations should be taken into account to validate the modeled processes depending on particle size ranges. Numerical simulations using detailed one-dimensional atmosphere-soil-vegetation model including particle deposition onto vegetation (SOLVEG) developed by the authors was carried out. The model reproduced the measured turbulent fluxes over the coniferous forest canopies for large (> 1 µm) and fine (< several 100 nm) particles. For the sub-micron particles, however, our model underestimated the measured particle deposition velocity obtained from various campaigns. Electrostatic deposition, thermo- and diffusio-phoretic deposition, micro-roughness such as cilium at the leaf surface, and particle growth under humid environment could affect particle deposition in this size range. Vegetation parameters such as Leaf Area Index (LAI) and leaf width also have a significant effect on the deposition velocity. This effect should be incorporated into future parameterizations of particle deposition velocity onto vegetation.

著者

林 健太郎 長谷川 利拡 小野 圭介 岩崎 亘典 豊田 栄 八島 未和 堅田 元喜 須藤 重人 和穎 朗太 常田 岳志 麓 多門 須藤 重人 南川 和則 和穎 朗太 松田 和秀 片柳 薫子 矢野 翠 中村 浩史

出版者

独立行政法人農業環境技術研究所

雑誌

基盤研究(A)

巻号頁・発行日

2010

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つくばみらいFACE(開放系大気二酸化炭素増加)実験水田を舞台として、大気沈着および灌漑水に由来する窒素フローの実態を把握し、大気二酸化炭素(CO_2)増加、加温、および水稲品種が一酸化二窒素(N_2O)の生成、窒素無機化、窒素固定、水稲の窒素吸収、および土壌有機物の動態などの窒素関連過程に及ぼす影響の解明を進め、大気-土壌-水稲系の詳細な物質循環モデルを開発し、広域評価モデル・データセットを構築した。