文献一覧: 大島襄二 (著者)

2 0 0 0 変貌する水産養殖業地域:的矢湾のカキについて

著者: 大島襄二
出版者: 一般社団法人人文地理学会
雑誌: 人文地理 (ISSN:00187216)
巻号頁・発行日: vol.9, no.1, pp.16-28,82, 1957

The seaside villages of Matoya Bay, located at the middle of the Shima Peninsula (Mie Prefecture), were known by the name of Matoya Oyster, which was comparable with Miyagi Oyster or Hiroshima Oyster. Moreover, this peninsula is so famous for the cultured pearl, especially at Ago area, that this Matoya area, standing very close to the place, it is inevitable to be influenced by that. This paper has an aim to analyse the character of this area from the viewpoint of marine farmings, especially the relation between oyster culture and pearl culture. Matoya Bay is very unique in topographical features, very remarkable drowned-valley: the length is over 10km from the entrance of this bay to the inner end, and the width is only about 100m at the narrowest part of channel, or at most 1200m at the mouth of the bay. This bay is divided as follows: Demension of water surface Depth of water A) Izô-ura 2.0km2 1-3m B) Channel part 2.5km2 3-7m C) Mouth of bay 7.5km2 5-10m On the total of this bay, it has about eight time's demension of the catchment of water, but at Izô-ura, the most inner part of this bay, the catchment area is over 35 times as wide as that of water surface. This fact is that, the bay is very much influenced by the rainfall, and it is not so good condition to pearl culture, but desirable to oyster culture, for these marine farmings depend on the salinity of water. From this point, it is thus considered that the part A is the most prosperous part of oyster fishing. Actually, it was so, till the oyster fishery did not develop to oyster culturing. But about 1930 (the early years of Shôwa), some epoch-making change came to this fishery. That is hang-down method of oyster culture. This method has been used on pearl culture about 50 years before, and, when it was applied to oyster, Izô-ura is too shallow to this mothod. Then, at this part, people gave up this fishing, and this part became only supplier of fishing labour of the other part, or the other labour. Parts B and C, two marine farmings are standing now. It is a little dangerous to pearl, for the salinity of water is not always good for it. Nevertheless, as the profit of pearl culture is larger than the other, so it is generalized at this parts of Motoya, at some risk, especially after the war. During the wartime, pearl culture was prohibited, while oyster culture was promoted, this parts of bay were filled by rafts of oyster, but now they are altered by rafts of pearl. Now Matoya area is no longer the place of oyster production, but it shows the aspect of Ago area, and pearl culture is much attractive to these villages.

2019-04-30 17:53:52
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1 0 0 0 IR カナダ北西岸インディアンの生活--ポ-ト・シンプソンの伝統的食糧

著者: 大島襄二
出版者: 関西学院大学
雑誌: 人文論究 (ISSN:02866773)
巻号頁・発行日: vol.35, no.3, pp.p21-46, 1985-11

2021-12-07 15:01:40
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https://ci.nii.ac.jp/naid/110001069042

1 0 0 0 OA オーストラリアとニューギニアの間

著者: 大島襄二
出版者: The Association of Japanese Geographers
雑誌: Geographical review of Japan, Series B (ISSN:02896001)
巻号頁・発行日: vol.59, no.2, pp.69-82, 1986-12-30 (Released:2008-12-25)
参考文献数: 20
被引用文献数: 3 3

オーストラリアの北都,ニューキニア本土との間にあるトレス海峡は,いま,オーストラリア側に18島,パプァ・ニューギニア側に2島の有人の島がある.これらは一般的にいえぽ海に依存する人々,アイランダーズの生活空間として概括されるが,詳細にみればそれぞれの島の自然地理学的特性と,そこに住み着いた人の民族的・歴史的背景の相違を反映して,海への認識のしかたが微妙に喰違っている.それを,海面利用形態・伝統的漁法・資源利用状況・近代的漁業導入などの観点から比較分析し,その生態的・文化的多様性を明らかにする. 結論として以下のような3点をその分類の基準とすることができた。 (1) 両岸からの距離:当然のことながら本土から離れている海峡中央部では海への依存度が高い。東部諸島・中部諸島・西部諸島がそれである.他方,ニューギニア本土に近い北西部諸島・キワイ諸島や,ケープ・ヨーク半島に近いプリンス・オブ・ウェールズ諸島では本土との交易によって農産物を期待できる. (2)自然地理学的・生態学的要因:火山島は肥沃な土壌があり農業を営むことができる.クラン毎の土地区分はリーフ内の水面に及ぶ。サンゴ礁島では土地が狭くかつ痩せているので漁業に頼らざるを得ない.よい漁場は島民共有の財産と考えられる. (3) 歴史的条件:近世以降の外来者の定住によって混血が進んだ島では,伝統的な生活習慣は失われ,資本主義漁業たとえば真珠やエビに志向したし,近世以前でも交易が盛んだった沿岸部の島では対岸の影響を受けることが多かった.