著者

金森 美江子 野口 絵里子 金森 達之 大森 毅 瀬戸 康雄

出版者

日本法科学技術学会

雑誌

日本法科学技術学会誌 (ISSN:18801323)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.16, no.2, pp.145-151, 2011 (Released:2011-08-12)

参考文献数

12

被引用文献数

2 2

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We ascertained that one of the lachrymator, allyl isothiocyanate (AITC), reacted with alkyl alcohol to form O-alkyl allylthiocarbamate. AITC was incubated with methanol, ethanol (EtOH) or 2-propanol, respectively, and analyzed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). On the total ion chromatogram of the reaction mixture, one peak appeared which was different from AITC, and the molecular weight was 131, 145 or 159, respectively. The reaction product of AITC with EtOH was prepared from the mixture. By 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) analysis, six pairs of the signals which resembled each other appeared at room temperature and some of the paired signals overlapped by heating. It was suggested that the reaction product of AITC with EtOH was O-ethyl allylthiocarbamate, and that it was composed of the mixture of conformational isomers at room temperature.

著者

大塚 麻衣 山口 晃巨 数井 優子 西田 響 大森 毅 宮口 一

出版者

日本法科学技術学会

雑誌

日本法科学技術学会誌 (ISSN:18801323)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.28, no.2, pp.169-176, 2023 (Released:2023-07-31)

参考文献数

14

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Cyanide is a gaseous poison which is liberated from cyanide compounds such as potassium cyanide. In spite of high toxicity, cyanide compounds are easily accessible for industrial use, and some contamination cases of cyanide into beverages have occurred. For analysis of cyanide, various analytical methods such as colorimetric methods have been reported. Among those, headspace-gas chromatography-nitrogen phosphorus detection (HS-GC-NPD) is known for its easy pretreatment method and high quantitation ability. The application of HS-GC-NPD analysis to cyanide in blood specimens have been reported by many groups. However, comparison results of some experimental manipulations, such as addition of acid, syringes used for introduction of samples to the GC, and amount of sample introduced into the GC are not clear. In addition, there is no detailed description about application to beverage samples. In this work, we have investigated some experimental manipulation of manual HS-GC-NPD and applied the optimized method to beverage samples. After the optimization, the addition of acid with micropipette in open system and introduction of 100 μL of headspace gas into GC with gastight syringe are recommended. For beverage samples, although variations were larger than standard samples, those variations could be compensated by use of acetonitrile as an internal standard.

著者

大森 毅 川原 一芳

出版者

科学警察研究所

雑誌

基盤研究(C)

巻号頁・発行日

2011

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化学テロ現場において、原因物質のみを特異的に除染できる方法の開発を目指して、有機リン系化合物分解酵素であるorganophosphorus hydrolase(OPH) の遺伝子に変異を導入し、サリンやVX等を効率的に分解する酵素の開発に取り組んだ。136Leu、254Tyrおよび257Hisの3箇所のアミノ酸を置換した5種類の変異酵素を作成し、有機リン系化合物分解反応を調べた結果、Tyr254Hisの変異を導入した酵素が最も高い分解能力を示した。さらにこの酵素を担体に固定して作成したバイオリアクターは活性を維持し化学剤を分解したことから、酵素によるテロ現場除染技術への発展が可能と考えられた。

著者

大森 毅 組橋 充 遠堂 郁 中澤 寛子 竹川 健一 内川 貴志 瀬戸 康雄

出版者

日本法科学技術学会

雑誌

日本法科学技術学会誌 (ISSN:18801323)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.23, no.2, pp.91-101, 2018

被引用文献数

1

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&emsp;We performed comparative investigation in visible-spectrophotometric methods for determining carboxyhemoglobin (CO-Hb) in blood samples. About 58% carboxyhemoglobin-saturation (%CO-Hb) of blood samples (sample H) was prepared from control blood by carbon monoxide bubbling and this sample was diluted to be 4/11 and 3/25 with control human blood to prepare moderate and weak CO-Hb saturated samples (sample M and L, respectively). We measured %CO-Hb of four samples, samples H, M, L and control human blood (relative %CO-Hb were 1.00, 0.36, 0.12 and 0, respectively), by four different methods in five different forensic science laboratories. By summing up the measurement results, the method (1), which is described in &ldquo;Standard method of chemical analysis in poisoning (edited by the Pharmaceutical Society of Japan)&rdquo;, gave %CO-Hb values that reflected the relative %CO-Hb of the four samples. The method (2), which is an isosbestic point method (developed by Department of Forensic Medicine, Kagawa University) gave higher values compared to the expected ones. The method (3), which is performed with a strong alkaline condition, gave higher values for low %CO-Hb samples by Katsumata's formula (method (3)-1). But the values calculated using the formula improved by Forensic Science Laboratory, Hokkaido Prefectural Police H.Q. (method (3)-2), gave the values reflecting the relative %CO-Hb. The method (4), which is also performed with a strong alkaline method, gave values which reflected the relative %CO-Hb when the Fukui's formula was used for calculation. But the formula modified by Aoki (method (4)-2) gave higher values for the blood samples of low %CO-Hb. In comparison of the three methods that gave the values reflecting the relative %CO-Hb, the method (1) and (3)-2 gave similar values but the measured values obtained by method (4)-1 was lower than the values obtained by method (1) and (3)-2. On the other hand, the method (3)-2 and method (1) showed the large dispersion in the measured values among the laboratories, but the dispersion by the method (4)-1 was small.<br>

著者

白石 智子 関口 和正 大森 毅

出版者

日本法科学技術学会

雑誌

日本鑑識科学技術学会誌 (ISSN:13428713)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.7, no.2, pp.159-165, 2003 (Released:2009-04-11)

参考文献数

16

被引用文献数

5 5

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‘OC-Hemocatch’, an immunochromatographic test for the detection of fecal occult blood was evaluated for the forensic identification of human blood. ‘OC-Hemocatch’ showed positive results for human blood to a dilution of 1:500,000 and provides the strongest detection line for a dilution of 1:20,000. On the other hand, the human blood diluted to 1:100 was negative for ‘OC-Hemocatch’ because of the high dose hook effect. While heating at over 150°C, long term exposing to sunlight, washing and bleaching of bloodstains prevented the detecting of human hemoglobin using ‘OC-Hemocatch’, contamination of blood with various body fluids did not affect it. Furthermore, ‘OC-Hemocatch’ detected human hemoglobin from old bloodstains stored for 15 years at room temperature when 5% ammonia was used for extraction. These results demonstrate that ‘OC-Hemocatch’ can be effectively applied to forensic identification of human blood.