- 著者
- 上地 杏奈 小野 尋子 池田 孝之
- 出版者
- 日本建築学会
- 雑誌
- 日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.80, no.712, pp.1329-1337, 2015 (Released:2015-07-11)
- 参考文献数
- 15
This study aims to clarify the particularity of Land Readjustment Project on the site of U.S. military in Okinawa by tracing the changes and discussions of Master Plan, Land readjustment Plan of the pre-returned area “Shintoshin”. “Shintoshin” is a newly and the biggest case in Okinawa. The methods are hearing to key persons and document analysis. The consequences are followings; 1) Because landowners had high demand of income from own real estate, the Total Floor Area Ratio was pushed up higher than usual, and the Land Use Plan had been converted its concept into a new center district with a big commercial zone. 2) Despite of high popularity in the real-estate market, the central area evaluated extremely low, it was around 70% lower than market price, by roadside land price assessment before Land Readjustment Project. To early success of land acquisition for public institution, the local government has to offer a reasonable price.
- 著者
- 西口 裕祐 小野 尋子
- 出版者
- 日本建築学会
- 雑誌
- 日本建築学会計画系論文集
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.83, no.743, pp.55-62, 2018
In Okinawa, a number of children whose family is struggling financial poverty, which could cause financial poverty on the next generation of the family again, is put spotlight on these days. This is one of the most immediate Okinawa prefectural government duty. These children tend to be more non-attendant than others. One statistic study shows there is correlation between poverty and non-attendance. In other words, it is possible to say income inequality causes unequal opportunity to receive education and to get experiences that they are supposed to do. It follows to be called “HIKIKOMORI”, who is always in house that they barely communicate with others, even with their family. Therefor one of the Cabinet office's poverty alleviation to improve their environment in Okinawa has been to emergently provide “Ibasho facility” for children since 2016.<br> According to Nakajima, “IBASHO” is composed by “territory of space” and “feeling of distance between one and other” as quality. In this study, it can be defined as a condition of “BA” which means anywhere under any condition with anyone because Nakajima's “IBASHO” is already existing in any-space around us. Nakajima's “IBASHO” is defined as a place where one is able to reflect oneself throughout feeling sense of belonging and acceptance by others and even oneself. Factors of “Selectable Ibasho for Children” proposed by Sato are fallowing, (1) they can visit the place without any purpose and (2) there is a key person, who has capability to let children get new experiences or to let new beginnings invite, such as an organizer in playpark, a staff in children's community center or a neighbor in candy shop. In this study, “IBASHO” is defined as a selectable place for children where one feels sense of reflection of oneself (called “IBASHO with reflection of myself”), acceptance by others (called “IBASHO with other's acceptance”) or both (called “IBASHO complexed”).<br> This study aims to clarify functions of “IBASHO facility” from non-attendance student's point of view throughout participate observation for 10 months in kukulu, which is one of the “IBASHO” facility for non-attendant teenage student. The research methods are 3, taking individual interview 5 students in kukulu about their usual life and floor plan of their home in order to grasp their circumstance, recording observation of all people in kukulu in order to reveal how each space in kukulu work for students, and individually plotting with the 5 object students on “BA” and “IBASHO” appraisement map which has two theoretical frameworks, “territory of space” and “feeling of distance between one and other”.<br> Based from the results of the plotting, it shows 6 groups on the “IBASHO” appraisement map, 1)place with oneself in home, 2)place with family in home, 3)place with oneself in kukulu, 4)place with favorite group or others in kukulu, 5)school, 6) place in other. As results, there are three remarkable features of “IBASHO” facility for non-attendant teenage student, kukulu. Feature (1) is providing opportunities to belong social place. Feature (2) is providing selectable place where the students are able to choose with whether oneself, favorite people or other. Feature (3) is staff in kukulu, who let the students feel their own “IBASHO”.
2 0 0 0 OA 那覇市首里金城地区における細街路整備計画の経緯と意義
- 著者
- 清水 肇 小野 尋子
- 出版者
- 公益社団法人 日本都市計画学会
- 雑誌
- 都市計画論文集 第41回学術研究論文発表会 (ISSN:1348284X)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- pp.36, 2006 (Released:2007-01-05)
那覇市首里金城地区においては、歴史的環境を有する地区としての景観整備が1980年頃から取り組まれてきた。その過程において、中央部を貫く石畳道を保全し、地区外に通過用道路を建設し、さらにアプローチ道路を整備することが行われてきた。その過程で生活環境を整備しつつ細街路の歴史的形態を保全・整備する方法について模索が行われてきたが。2005年に細街路の両側の石垣を含めて道路用地として石垣や石積の保全修復をはかり、道路自体は歩行者専用道路として整備して有効幅員を2?2.7mとする都市計画決定が行われた。これによって沿道敷地は幅員4m以上の道路に接することとなる。これは環境、利用、設置の三側面を実質的に評価して細街路の目標を定めることによって可能となった細街路整備の方法である。
- 著者
- 小野 尋子 清水 肇 池田 孝之 長嶺 創正
- 出版者
- 日本建築学会
- 雑誌
- 日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.72, no.618, pp.49-56, 2007-08-30 (Released:2017-02-25)
- 参考文献数
- 19
This paper aims to clarify the today's OKINAWAN folksy disciplines, at OROKU district which has been requisition by Army in NAHA City. Research methodologies are interview, document analysis and interpretation of an aerial photograph. The evaluate the appropriateness for case study, first, we draw a comparison between requisitioned settlements and others in folkways. Accordingly, there are really not much difference between two kinds of settlements. Second, we trace requisitioned settlements' history of sacred spots and colonial morphology. Results are followings; 1.Inhabitants has been regarded hilly land as a sacred cow. 2. Settlement's meeting house has been recognized as important facilities. 3. 'Utaki' and other Okinawa's sacred spots has been treasured, but change in shape and quality. 4. The hierarchy between head family and cadet family is decreesing. 5. The south facing street pattern was changed back to back pattern
- 著者
- ハビビ・セイド・ムスタファ 小野 尋子
- 出版者
- 日本建築学会
- 雑誌
- 日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.84, no.756, pp.407-414, 2019 (Released:2019-02-28)
- 参考文献数
- 10
- 被引用文献数
- 1 2
The capital Kabul is growing at a fast pace than any other city in Afghanistan, it experienced a dramatic expansion over the past decade. The population has increased by almost 10% per year which caused a significant increase in the number of slums, as an unwanted consequence today informal settlements have covered about more than 69% of the city. This paper explains an afghan model of Land Readjustment which applied on an informal settlement area of Kabul with a very minimum compensation and contribution ratio. It appeared more applicable due to the preservation of historical buildings and low destruction cost.
- 著者
- ファルキ・ジャヴェド・アフマド 小野 尋子 ハビビ・セイド・ムスタファ
- 出版者
- 日本建築学会
- 雑誌
- 日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.86, no.782, pp.1233-1239, 2021
- 被引用文献数
- 1
<p>Kandahar is the second-largest city of Afghanistan, located in the southwestern part. It has experienced a drastic population increase and a dramatic expansion over the last two decades. Ahmad Shahi is an area which is located in the CBD of Kandahar city; it is famous for the historical dome houses and traditional urban fabric. The buildup area illegally expanded in violation of the master plan and caused a massive transformation in the land use from residential to commercial, which certainly affected the ancient architecture, culture and urban fabric of the area.</p><p>Cultural heritages and historical buildings have a significant role in the socio-economic development and identity of a place. According to the socio-economic survey, the residents are facing lots of problems in terms of the social and quality of life. The majority of the houses are at huge risk of collapse and failure due to the low maintenance from the construction point of view. There are a number of historical houses on the site with more than 100 years of building age; these are considering as a cultural asset for the area. Unfortunately, due to many reasons the government could not put any practical step for the preservation and rehabilitation of these assets so far. As a result, these houses have been destroyed gradually, and the architectural design and elements of these houses which are representing the ancient history and morphology of the area are steadily disappearing.</p><p>This study looks into a comparison and analysis of two maps associated with the target area from different years to find the percentages of transformation and changes in the land use.</p><p>There are a number of historical dome houses in the old city of Kandahar which have faced drastic changes and transformation since the last two decades. According to the spatial analysis from the satellite imagery of 2011 and 2018, (6.8%) of the residential lots have transformed into commercial regardless of the master plan which obviously have affected the environmental and social life aspect of the residents and as well as the characteristic of the area. This transformation and changes have occurred based on the land value, close distance to the CBD, transition of the family typology and some other minor factors. The historical houses are on the verge of collapse and need urgent repair and protection. Some other places which are currently in bad condition and may gradually perish if not paid proper attention can certainly threaten the life of the people who are residing there. This research basically focused on the traditional houses in the Old City of Kandahar and discussed the importance of historical value, land use transformation and its impact since the last two decades. Finally, some recommendations have been proposed to deal with the problem and to create a sustainable approach for the preservation of the old city of Kandahar.</p>
1 0 0 0 OA 戦後に形成された沖縄の密集市街地の課題と特徴に関する研究
- 著者
- 加島 鈴乃 小野 尋子
- 出版者
- 日本建築学会
- 雑誌
- 日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.82, no.731, pp.115-122, 2017 (Released:2017-01-30)
- 参考文献数
- 17
- 被引用文献数
- 1 1
Generally knows, Okinawa was extensively damaged from WW2. The air raid on Naha City 10th Oct. 1944 and ground battles destroyed Naha central area witheringly. After the war, there was few building to live. Okinawan people who came back from rural area and military draft needed to build their house. But at that time, GHQ and Ryukyu government had governed Okinawa until 1972. Okinawan local government could not use many of reconstruction projects and systems of Japan Central government. And worse more, not a small land of Okinawa including central area was grabbed up by USA military. So, some of people who could not return to their own residential lots had to move and rebuild their house another area, in most cases, next area or close area. The high densely Mawashi district has built-up in above way. Mawashi district located the next area of the traditional central area where had not returned until 1952 (ref., Fig. 2), and so, there was rapidly crowded by returning people. But before the war Mawashi district was just a farming village where were not enough social infrastructures with narrow roads and poor road structure. It should be improved or developed before urbanized, but at that time Okinawa belonged to USA, there were not some appropriate development systems and projects. This study aimed to identify the period of each districts build-up, and then analyze the relationship between each districts character with road patterns and each districts period. In view of the change of the Okinawan political system after WW II and built-up background, there are 4 aspects, as like 1)prewar traditional settlement, 2) forced settlement, 3)sprawl district without planning guideline, and 4) development permission district(ref., Fig. 7). The research methods are 4, research the historical document to identify the pre-war settlement district, tracing the road position specification of Naha city to distinguish roads and areaways, listed up the development dates from official development permission ledger after 1974 to define planning districts and sprawl area and field survey of each district to find the typical problems of the district. The problematic road networks are found 5 patterns in this area by the field survey. These are a) small crowded building district without jointing roads, b) small crowded building district jointing dead-end road of article 42 -2, Japan Building Act, c) small crowded building district jointing not well network roads of article 42 -2, Japan Building Act, d) small crowded building district jointing well-formed roads of article 42 -2, Japan Building Act, and e) development permission accepting district with not well network road to main roads(ref., Table 2). As results, these a)-e) patterns are mixed in each 1)-4) periods also, but 3) is the most serious condition in problematic road networks, decrepit buildings, and prevention of disaster. Considering the physical condition data of districts, 2) is assumed to have a singular aspect.
- 著者
- 上野 萌香 小野 尋子
- 出版者
- 日本建築学会
- 雑誌
- 日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.84, no.758, pp.935-941, 2019
<p> Contemporary open space planning is required both approach of science and function. As one of the functions of the green, there is a temperature mitigation function of green spaces to solve the heat island problems. So in the new development, planners should consider to effective greening in there. In the case of planning the open space with temperature mitigation, it is significant to analyze based on the output index as green space in quantitative and the outcome index as temperature mitigation effect of them. This study aims, from the view point of easy adapting for open space planning in future development, to estimate how much effect of urban thermal environment mitigation in subtropical climatic conditions by ratio of ground coverage.</p><p> We studied in Naha Shintoshin area in Naha City, Okinawa Prefecture. Naha Shintoshin area was returned land from USA base and had been developed by land readjustment project finished in 2003. The LR project area was 214 ha. But because of the limitation of lack of measurement tools and man power, we had to choose a part of area, 5508 m2, as our case study site in there.</p><p> The case study site is almost flat in topographical condition and planned in modern urban planning theory which has block parks, neighborhood park, comprehensive park, and greening residential district. Because of this site is an example of entirely new development in Okinawa and it is planned in neighborhood planning theory, this site was suitable as case study site.</p><p> Temperature measurements by hour was done at 39 spots where are in different environment such as in bank of a river, in park, on greenery street, and in residential parcels. The amount of measurements was 2846 hours. We set the finite difference between measurement temperature and temperature published Okinawa meteorological observatory as an explained variable and set land coverage ratio of the site as explanatory variables. The land coverage ratio was estimated by google aerial photos and was divided to tree, grass, water, bare, building and pavement.</p><p> Analysis methods are followings. At first, we examined the ratio of ground coverage which is superior effect of the temperature mitigation for each temperature range, time zone, mesh grid size in subtropical climatic conditions. (Sec. 3) Next, we analyzed the influence of the temperature distribution from the relation with the ground covering condition in quantitatively. (Sec. 4) And then this study considers the findings of temperature mitigation of open space as a green space planning theory. (Sec. 6)</p><p> And the consequences are followings. 1, It was confirmed that factors such as season, time zone, mesh grid size, affect the relationship between temperature mitigation and ground coverage. 2, It was confirmed from the single regression analysis result that the adjusted R2 becomes high in mesh grid size of 10m and 90m. This result means the natural land coverage has both effect of temperature mitigation in spot and wide area. 3, By principal component analysis, it was possible to obtain a multivariate regression analysis result avoiding Multiple correlations. 4, From the estimated temperature distribution of the target area, it was confirmed that the site that ration of green coverage is 20% or more, forms a low temperature zone.</p><p> Considering of these result with real green planning, 10m mesh effect should be able to use in planning of house scale, and 90m mesh effect should be able to adapt as a greening regulation in special district plan.</p><p> This study remains future subjects such as the multiple elements analysis and the continuity consideration to next meshes in wide-spread greenery land use.</p>
- 著者
- ハビビ・セイド・ムスタファ 小野 尋子
- 出版者
- 日本建築学会
- 雑誌
- 日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.84, no.756, pp.407-414, 2019
- 被引用文献数
- 2
The capital Kabul is growing at a fast pace than any other city in Afghanistan, it experienced a dramatic expansion over the past decade. The population has increased by almost 10% per year which caused a significant increase in the number of slums, as an unwanted consequence today informal settlements have covered about more than 69% of the city. This paper explains an afghan model of Land Readjustment which applied on an informal settlement area of Kabul with a very minimum compensation and contribution ratio. It appeared more applicable due to the preservation of historical buildings and low destruction cost.
- 著者
- 加島 鈴乃 小野 尋子
- 出版者
- 日本建築学会
- 雑誌
- 日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.82, no.731, pp.115-122, 2017
- 被引用文献数
- 1
Generally knows, Okinawa was extensively damaged from WW2. The air raid on Naha City 10<sup>th</sup> Oct. 1944 and ground battles destroyed Naha central area witheringly. After the war, there was few building to live. Okinawan people who came back from rural area and military draft needed to build their house. But at that time, GHQ and Ryukyu government had governed Okinawa until 1972. Okinawan local government could not use many of reconstruction projects and systems of Japan Central government. And worse more, not a small land of Okinawa including central area was grabbed up by USA military. So, some of people who could not return to their own residential lots had to move and rebuild their house another area, in most cases, next area or close area.<br> The high densely <i>Mawashi</i> district has built-up in above way. <i>Mawashi</i> district located the next area of the traditional central area where had not returned until 1952 (ref., Fig. 2), and so, there was rapidly crowded by returning people. But before the war <i>Mawashi</i> district was just a farming village where were not enough social infrastructures with narrow roads and poor road structure. It should be improved or developed before urbanized, but at that time Okinawa belonged to USA, there were not some appropriate development systems and projects.<br> This study aimed to identify the period of each districts build-up, and then analyze the relationship between each districts character with road patterns and each districts period. In view of the change of the Okinawan political system after WW II and built-up background, there are 4 aspects, as like 1)prewar traditional settlement, 2) forced settlement, 3)sprawl district without planning guideline, and 4) development permission district(ref., Fig. 7). The research methods are 4, research the historical document to identify the pre-war settlement district, tracing the road position specification of Naha city to distinguish roads and areaways, listed up the development dates from official development permission ledger after 1974 to define planning districts and sprawl area and field survey of each district to find the typical problems of the district. The problematic road networks are found 5 patterns in this area by the field survey. These are a) small crowded building district without jointing roads, b) small crowded building district jointing dead-end road of article 42 -2, Japan Building Act, c) small crowded building district jointing not well network roads of article 42 -2, Japan Building Act, d) small crowded building district jointing well-formed roads of article 42 -2, Japan Building Act, and e) development permission accepting district with not well network road to main roads(ref., Table 2).<br> As results, these a)-e) patterns are mixed in each 1)-4) periods also, but 3) is the most serious condition in problematic road networks, decrepit buildings, and prevention of disaster. Considering the physical condition data of districts, 2) is assumed to have a singular aspect.