著者
山中 優
出版者
JAPANESE POLITICAL SCIENCE ASSOCIATION
雑誌
年報政治学 (ISSN:05494192)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.59, no.1, pp.1_37-1_60, 2008 (Released:2012-12-28)

One of the thinkers whom Hayek praised very highly is Tocqueville. Hayek regarded Tocqueville as one of the best liberal thinkers of the 19th century who developed most successfully the political philosophy of the Scottish thinkers such as Mandeville, Hume and Smith. And the title of Hayek's The Road to Serfdom (1944) was named after what Tocqueville had called the “new servitude”. Evidently Hayek's argument on tyranny or despotism in the book had many similarities with that of Tocqueville in Democracy in America.   However, there were, in fact, several big differences between them. Tocqueville defined individualism in a negative way: individualism “disposes each citizen to isolate himself from mass of his fellows and withdraw into the circle of family and friends”. But Hayek defined it in a positive way: the essential features of individualism were, for Hayek, “the respect for the individual man qua man”. While Tocqueville considered political freedom most important as a bulwark against the majority's tyranny or a new democratic despotism, Hayek considered economic freedom most important. Tocqueville endeavored to make the best use of democracy to make people good public citizens. But Hayek had skepticism and disappointment with democracy, which seemed to make Hayek resemble Plato rather than Tocqueville. These differences between them seem to pose a significant problem for state-society relationship in the contemporary world.
著者
市川 富夫 辻 啓介 萩原 清和 津田 明子 山中 優美子
出版者
Japanese Society for Food Hygiene and Safety
雑誌
食品衛生学雑誌 (ISSN:00156426)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.27, no.1, pp.44-48, 1986-02-05 (Released:2009-12-11)
参考文献数
13
被引用文献数
1 1

スクアレンを多量に含有する深海産サメ肝臓エキスが健康食品として市販されているが, 根拠となる作用機作については明らかにされていない部分が多い. スクアレン経口投与ウィスター系ラットの体重変化, 血清及び肝臓中の脂質濃度を測定した. 0.1ml及び0.5mlのスクアレンを41日間投与したとき, 体重増加量はコントロールに比べて小さかった. 血清中ではHDL-コレステロールの減少と過酸化脂質 (チオバルビツール酸反応陽性物質値=TBA値) の増加が認められ, 肝臓ではトリグリセリド, リン脂質, TBA値の増加が見られた. 0.1ml, 0.5ml投与時における見かけの吸収率は50%前後であった. 肝臓中のスクアレン量は投与量に比例して増加した. 以上のことからスクアレンは吸収され, 体内において脂質代謝に影響を与えていることが推測された.
著者
山中 優
出版者
京都大学
巻号頁・発行日
2008-03-24

新制・論文博士