著者

工藤 孝幾

出版者

福島大学

雑誌

基盤研究(C)

巻号頁・発行日

2009

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本研究の目的は、運動技術を練習するときの練習の仕方について、大学生がどの程度正しく認識しているかを、実験的方法を中心にインタビューと質問調査法を組み合わせることによって多角的に分析することであった。分析の結果、彼らは、正しい動きの反復練習を繰り返すだけでは学習にはつながらないことを認識しているにもかかわらず、実際の練習行動においては、できるだけ正しい動きの反復回数を増やす方略を採用していることが分かった。

著者

深倉 和明 工藤 孝幾

出版者

社団法人日本体育学会

雑誌

体育學研究 (ISSN:04846710)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.32, no.2, pp.109-115, 1987-09-01

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The purpose of this study was to analyse the tackling distance estimated by a soccer player at the intercollegiate level. The meaning of the tackling distance is the longest distance between a ball and a tackler in which he is sure to tackle the ball successfully. Skilled players (N = 5) and unskilled players (N = 5) were selected among the Fukushima Univ. Soccer Team according to their ability of tackling. Each of the subjects was required to tackle a ball, and the tackling distance and the movement time (MT) taken from the initial movement of his feet to his touch of the ball with the tackling foot were measured. The opponent's reaction time (RT) was also measured in order to be compared with MT. The results were as follows: 1) The tackling distance of the skilled group was longer than that of the unskilled group. 2) When the tackler's MT was compared with the opponent's RT, the former was shorter than the latter, and this was remarkable in the case of the unskilled group. 3) But there was no difference between the two groups regarding the probability of success in the practical one-against-one tackling trials. 4) These results may suggest that there were some differences between two groups in the action prior to the main tackling action, and also the tackling action of the unskilled group was more easily anticipated by the opponent.

著者

工藤 孝幾

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.65, no.2, pp.103-111, 1994-06-20 (Released:2010-07-16)

参考文献数

21

被引用文献数

1

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Shea and Kohl (1990) reported that acquisition practice with variations of the criterion task leads to better retention than practice on the criterion task alone. The purpose of this study was to determine the locus of this retention benefits. Experimental task was the speed reproduction task. Eighty undergraduate male students were randomly assigned to eight practice conditions differing in the activities performed during the intertrial intervals. All subjects were administered retention test immediately and twenty-four hours after the practice. Results indicated that the retention benefits demonstrated by subjects provided variable practice was produced by the contextual interference effect not by the formation of motor response schema. Results also suggested that both of reconstruction of action plan and elaborative processing resulted in the retention benefits.

著者

工藤 孝幾

出版者

一般社団法人 日本体育学会

雑誌

体育学研究 (ISSN:04846710)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.25, no.1, pp.13-20, 1980-06-01 (Released:2017-09-27)

被引用文献数

1

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Certain studies concerning human perception has revealed that vision dominates all the other sense modalities. This study tried to confirm the visual dominance over kinesthesis by taking a case of memorizing an arm movement which was visually monitored, and to record a score in an attempt to demonstrate the degree of visual dominance over kinesthesis. An arm positioning task was selected for this experiment, and its basic procedure of measurement will follow. First, subjects memorized a standard distance by vision and kinesthesis. While moving the right arm for a certain standard distance, they were allowed to observe the movement by vision. But some artificial conflicts were produced between these two sense modalities in this case. Then, subjects attempted to repeat the arm movement for the same standard distance, when the conflicts were removed. How much the reproduced distance was close to the visual or kinesthetic information which were conflicting with each other, was recorded, which was presented in per cent scores. The results indicated the followings: 1) Almost all subjects did not realize the conflicts. While the visual dominance score showed that vision dominated kinesthesis, the score also showed that the dominance, was not complete. 2) The longer the standard distance, the stronger was the visual dominance, which may be interpreted as follows. As the standard distance increased, the kinesthetic matching errors became greater, while the visual matching errors were relatively constant. These trends suggested that when the standard distance became longer, subjects depended on the visual information more strongly than when it was shorter. 3) Individual differences of visual dominance score were examined. The results did not necessarily support the existence of indivisual differences. But, further studies may be necessary to draw any definite conclusions on this matter.