著者

小山 善之 熊取 敏之 澁谷 敏三 新谷 和夫 福田 龍三 今村 幸雄 佐野 一郎 鴫谷 亮一 古屋 曉一 河野 實 日野 佳弘 渡邊 孝 武正 勇造 中村 なをゑ 小澤 義光 林 康之 平島 信子 早船 喬一 濱口 榮祐 木村 信良 神田 清 岡本 十二郎 濱田 政彦 大橋 成一 橋本 敬祐 小酒 井望 石井 暢 天木 一太 深澤 義明 貴船 トミ子 松村 義寛 中野 巖 種田 強一郎 林 義次 村田 貢

出版者

Japanese Society of National Medical Services

雑誌

医療 (ISSN:00211699)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.9, no.1, pp.5-45, 1955

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This paper is an intermediate report of the clinical observations and various investigations made upon the 16 patients of the radiation sickness caused by BIKINI ashes on. 1st March 1934. The patients were admitted to the First Tokyo National Hospital on March 28th, and this report shall be for the period of the 5 months from March 28th to the end of August, 1964. Later, a thorough and complete report will be given, in which some amendments may be added to the present paper.<br>INTRODUCTION: At 3.50 a. m. on 1st March 1954, the 5th Lucky Dragon, a fishing boat, with a crew of twenty three on board, was located at about 100 miles east of BIKINI. The boat was under grey-white ash-fall for more than 5 hours. The crew was exposed to the ash-fall for 1.5 to 5 hours. The evening of that day they suffered from headache, anorexia, conjunctivitis and later nausea, vomiting, exhaustion and diarrehea, Several days later they suffered from itching, pain, rash, and erosion on the exposed skin areas. One week later two of the crew had hemorrhage of gingiva and some of the crew suffered from depilation. On March 19th, the boat returned to its base at Yaizu. On March 16th, the crew was admitted to the Kyoritsu Yaizu Hospital and on March 28th, 16 patients out of 23 were transfered to our hospital (the First Tokyo National Hospital).<br>On March 26th, Prof. Kimura's laboratory of Tokyo University made the analysis of the ashes taken from the 5th Lucky Dragon and found the following radioactive substances: Sr-89, Sr-90, Y-90, Y-91, Zr-96, Nb-95m, Nb-95, Ru-103, Ru-106, Te-129m, Te-129, Te-132, I-131, I-132, Ba-140, La-140, Ce-141, Ce-144, Pr-143, Pr-194, Nd-147, Pm-147, S-35, Ca-45, U-237, and Pu-239. The remaining radiation of the boat was investigated by Dr. Kakei et al. of March 17th and found it to be around 100mr/hr. Upon this data the total radiation was estimated at a count of 270 to 440γ. on the crew. In addition to the external exposure of such radiation, internal exposure, such as respiration of contaminated air, drinking of contaminated water and taking of contaminated food, shall be taken into consideration in the present cases. Radioactivity was found in the bile and urine taken from the patients.<br>GENERAL REMARKS: The 16 cases were strong young men but their body weight began to decrease from the middle of May and high or slight fever, anorexia, feeling of exhaustion, diarrhea and headache continued.<br>Skin and Hair: Irregular depilation, depigmentation, pigmentation with rain and itching, and erosion was observed. Some cases had folliculitis with pustules in April, while others recovered from erosions and at the end of May, regeneration of hair began. In July, hair condition was almost normal.<br>Blood and Bone-marrow: At the middle of April, the lowest peripheral leucocyte count was less than 2, 000. Two cases who had lower leucocyte count recovered earlier, i. e., their leucocytes increased to around 5, 000 at the middle of May. Meanu hile, the other cases had from 3, 033 to 4.000 count during the entire period. The former cases had also moderate anemia while the latter had only slight anemia. Blood platelet count of the former cases was less than 20, 000 and the recovery was slower than that of the leucocyte count. Reticulocyte count kept pace with that of leucocyte. In the former cases, myelocyte and other immature blood cells appeared temporarily in the circulated blood and eosinophile cells increased. The count of bone-marrow cells decreased remarkably (8, 000), i. e. panmyelophthisis, which later recovered slowly. In the latter cases, peripheral leucocyte findings and myelogram had almost no changes from the beginning of our observation and count of bone marrow cells was remarkably different by the sites of bone-marrow puncture. Vacuole and toxic granula appeared in the neutrophile cells in the circulated blood and vacuoles also appeared in lymphocyte and monocyte.

著者

増田 博幸 角田 利晴 林 義次 西尾 四良 水井 悠 堀内 俊助 中山 恭彦

出版者

日本水産工学会

雑誌

水産工学 (ISSN:09167617)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.37, no.2, pp.135-142, 2000-12-01

被引用文献数

22

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藻食性魚類による採食活動は、天然藻場の衰退に大きく関与し、藻場造成や海藻養殖の制限要因となっていることが指摘されている。宮崎県日向灘北部の熊野江、門川町地先では、アイゴの食害によりクロメ群落の葉状部が消失し、長崎県下ではアラメ類の葉状部欠損現象が観察され、その原因がブダイによる食害と推察されている。大野らは、海域に移植したカジメ類の成体が、ブダイに食害され葉状部が消失したことを報告している。伊豆半島先端部のカジメ群落では、標識カジメ個体の葉状部がアイゴとブダイに採食され消失する過程が追跡されているが、このような追跡例は少なく、藻食性魚類の採食活動がアラメ属、カジメ属海藻に与える影響については不明な点が多い。静岡県榛原郡相良町地先から御前崎町地先の沿岸には、かつてサガラメ、カジメの大群落が形成されていたが、昭和60年頃から衰退し、御前崎の岬先端の浅所にわずかに生育するサガラメ群落を除いて、現在まで磯焼け状態が持続している。

著者

増田 博幸 角田 利晴 林 義次 西尾 四良 水井 悠 堀内 俊助 中山 恭彦

出版者

日本水産工学会

雑誌

日本水産工学会誌 (ISSN:09167617)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.37, no.2, pp.135-142, 2000 (Released:2018-06-01)

参考文献数

13

被引用文献数

26

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Decline of afforested Ecklonia cava community by grazing of herbivorous fish Siganus fuscescens was studied on the coast of Hamaoka, Shizuoka Prefecture, Japan, during a period from May 1998 to November 1999. About 400 individuals of 3-years old E.cava were grazed their laminae during September to October 1999, and about 2,800 young individuals were grazed their laminae, only left their stipe from October to December. Because the fish bites basal parts of Ecklonia laminae, damage to the thallus is serious though the fish grazes small amount of plant body. Grazing by S. fuscescens was observed on and after June in 1998, while in 1999 grazing was seen on and after August. Rise of seawater temperature was earlier in 1998 than in 1999. This observation shows that grazing activity was affected by change of water temperature. Effect of grazing pressure by herbivorous fish on the growth of afforested E.cava community is clearly demonstrated from our observation.