著者

海野 徳二 野中 聡

出版者

日本喉頭科学会

雑誌

喉頭 (ISSN:09156127)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1, no.1, pp.26-30, 1989-06-01 (Released:2012-09-24)

参考文献数

12

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This paper describes an aerodynamic and electromyographic study of the sneeze. A sneeze is characterized by a deep inspiration followed by an abrupt expulsive expiration. The sneeze consists of three phases; inspiratory (preparatory), compressive (minimum flow) and expiratory. In the compressive phase the airway is temporarily obstructed while the intrathoracic pressure is elevated by contractions of the expiratory muscles. The study attempted to determine if the point of obstruction was at the level of the glottis similar to that observed in the cough. Aerodynamic studies using the body plethysmograph show that intrathoracic compression is greatest during the compressive phase, and that expiratory air, when present, is expelled only through the mouth. Electromyographic data show that the diaphragm (DIA) and posterior circoarytenoid (PCA) muscles are activated during the inspiratory phase and then the rectus abdominis (RA), thyroarytenoid (TA) and levator veli palatini (LP) muscles are activated during the compressive and expiratory phases. The interrelationship among these muscle groups appears to be extremely delicate as seen in the transition between the compressive and expiratory phase where an abrupt change in TA and PCA activity is observed while the RA and LP continue to be active. In cases where delayed activation of the PCA is observed the subglottic pressure created was not sufficiently high to perform an effective sneeze. From these aerodynamic and electromyographic data the authors conclude that in the sneeze the glottis is the occlusive point necessary for the elevation of the intrathoracic pressure.

著者

海野 徳二

出版者

一般社団法人 日本耳鼻咽喉科頭頸部外科学会

雑誌

日本耳鼻咽喉科学会会報 (ISSN:00306622)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.85, no.4, pp.497-500, 1982-04-20 (Released:2008-12-16)

著者

野中 聡 海野 徳二

出版者

耳鼻咽喉科臨床学会

雑誌

耳鼻咽喉科臨床 補冊 (ISSN:09121870)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1987, no.Supplement15, pp.160-166, 1987-08-10 (Released:2012-11-27)

参考文献数

17

被引用文献数

1 1

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We examined the neuronal mechanisms of sneezing in precollicular postmammillary decerebrate cats. Mechanical stimulation (duration; 5 s, frequency; 20 Hz, amplitude; 500μm) of the nasal membrane by means of a spring coil vibrator evoked sneezes. In the same preparation, electrical stimulation (0.2 ms,10 Hz,10-40 μA) of a certain area within the lower brainstem evoked sneezes. The sequences of EMG activation and the accompanying change in the subglottic pressure were almost the same for mechanically and electrically induced sneezes. The sneeze evoking region was located ventromedial to the spinal trigeminal nucleus, and extended rostrocaudally from P4.0 to 12.0 according to Horsley-Clarke coordinates. A microlesion made at a caudal portion of this region diminished the effects of rostral stimulation, but a microlesion made at the rostral portion had no effect on caudal stimulation.These results suggest that the sneeze evoking region is located in the medulla oblongata, with no regional differences from the rostral region to the caudal region. This region appears to control the respiratory, intrinsic laryngeal, epipharyngeal muscles. The integrated activity of these muscles evokes sneezes.

著者

海野 徳二

出版者

千葉医学会

雑誌

千葉医学会雑誌 = The Journal of Chiba Medical Society (ISSN:00093459)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.37, no.2, 1961-07-28

著者

市川 良之 井本 祥子 中島 築 海野 徳二 白戸 勝 川堀 真一 高橋 光明 中村 晃 熊井 恵美 野中 聡 長島 泰行 金井 直樹

出版者

The Society of Practical Otolaryngology

雑誌

耳鼻咽喉科臨床 補冊 (ISSN:09121870)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1987, no.15, pp.86-94, 1987

被引用文献数

1

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A clinical evaluation was conducted on 107 patients with laryngeal cancer treated in our department between 1976 and 1985. Their mean age was 64.0 years, and the male to female ratio was 12: 1. Histopathologically, squamous cell carcinoma was the most common malignant tumor constituting 97.2% of all the cases, whereas there were only 3 cases of verrucous carcinoma. There were 52 cases of glottis,52of supraglottis and 3 of subglottis. The overall five-year survival rate was 62.7%. The five-year survival rates for Stages I to IV were 74.6%,84.9%,54.2% and 31.1%, respectively. As the five-year survival rate of T4 cases was 0%, more aggresive therapies such as combinations of extended operation, irradiation and chemotherapy appear to be required in such cases. In our clinic, the patients with metastases to the cervical lymph nodes at preoperation were treated with radical neck dissection combined with the total laryngectomy in most cases. Radical neck dissection for such patients decreases the number of death due to uncontrolled metastases to the cervical lymph nodes. In the cases of the advanced stage, careful postoperative examination is required.

著者

野中 聡 国部 勇 浅野目 充 海野 徳二 石川 幸雄

出版者

耳鼻咽喉科展望会

雑誌

耳鼻咽喉科展望 (ISSN:03869687)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.38, no.2, pp.150-154, 1995

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喉頭ネブライザー療法におけるエアロゾル粒子の気道内への沈着様式についての解析はこれまであまりなされていない。本実験では経口RI吸入実験を行い, 喉頭超音波ネブライザー療法における気道, 消化管内へのエアロゾル沈着率を解析するとともに, 粒子に送気, 振動などを加え, これらの条件が沈着率にどのような影響を与えるか検討を加えた。超音波ネブライザー単独で吸入した場合, 咽喉頭部への沈着率は約4%と小さく, 大部分のエアロゾルは肺に沈着した。毎分3Lの送気付加トライアルでは咽喉頭部への沈着率はネブライザー単独とほぼ同じであった。振動付加トライアルのみ全ての被験者に共通して咽喉頭部への沈着率が増加した。RI標識製剤をテクネシウムHSAに代えた場合も, 咽喉頭部への沈着率は送気付加の場合と同様であった。