Buildings are moulded by and reflect order, social relations and ideas. However, how people build not only results from but also exerts influences upon how they think: order, social relations and ideas find expressions in actual buildings.As a message any building has to be decoded by those who use or observe it. But while it is composed of a multiplicity of signs, it also invites a plurality of readings and meanings. It must thus be considered on the basis of whose beliefs or whose view of the world a particular reading and meaning circulated in society is made up.The powerful in society often bring up unintentionaly as well as deliberately a certain reading and meaning of a building. Rather, the dominant are those who manage to present them that may be taken in as unquestioned and thus "natural". Buildings are major arenas where reading and meaning publicly unfold.The material of my discussion is the Taman Mini Indonesia Indah (Beautiful Indonesia in Miniature Park), popularly known as Taman Mini, located in a suburb of Jakarta, the capital city of Indonesia. It is both a recreation park and a cultural theme park containing examples of traditional architecture, museums, religious buildings, movie theaters, gardens, and other cultural and historical exhibitions and facilities alike. It is designed to provide visitors with an overall insight into Indonesia's people, arts, social customs, history and living environment.My purpose is to reveal the use of the Taman Mini by investigating its design, location and way of representing, considering the socio-political setting of which it is a part. Both in the selectivity of its content and in the signs and style of representation the Taman Mini works to support the order favorable to those who have built it.In November, 1971, when the government was shifting to pro-capitalistic development policies, the President's wife first announced an idea to build a museum-park complex aiming at making Indonesia known to international tourists and raising national consciousness. A few years before, the republic saw the most crucial time in its post-colonial history. Late on the evening of 30 September 1965, army units launched a limited coup in Jakarta ostensibly to remove a group of generals said to be plotting against the then (and first) president. They killed six leading generals, the corpses of whom were later discovered in a well near the present site of the Taman Mini. The coup was crushed in twenty-four hours by special forces commanded by Major General Suharto. These events laid basis for a gradual seizure of power by him and the installation of the so-called New Order.Mrs Suharto's idea immediately came under attack by intellectuals and students, for being for her prestige and a waste of domestic funds, and for the compulsory clearing of small-holder farmlands at the site at a low rate of compensation. She insisted on fighting for her project and declared it was of service to the people to deepen their love for the fatherland. At last the President uttered a statement affirming his full back-up to his wife's project. Construction of the vast park began in 1972, and the opening by the President occurred on April 20, 1975.Some facilities and exhibitions of the Taman Mini are precise replicas with more perfection than their originals. Others are drained from immediate functions and actual life by being replanted regardless of the backgrounds on which they should be. They are all signs of"Indonesian-ness", and the Park serves as a sketch map showing in public space how Indonesia is organized.The Taman Mini conveys a set of values. The juxtaposition of provincial architectures, houses of worship, folk ways of life, handicrafts, and performing arts visualize the cultural diversity and relativism of Indonesian society.
1 0 0 0 OA インドネシアの地理学 ―大学教育にみるその特徴―
- 著者
- 瀬川 真平
- 出版者
- 公益社団法人 東京地学協会
- 雑誌
- 地学雑誌 (ISSN:0022135X)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.121, no.5, pp.867-873, 2012-10-25 (Released:2012-12-05)
- 参考文献数
- 3
This paper presents an overview of the current status of geography in Indonesia with particular reference to the university education system. Geography as a discipline apparently occupies a peripheral position in the academic institutions of Indonesia as shown by the fact that so far only three universities offer geography-majors among the nation's some four-hundred colleges. The geography of Indonesia today is characterized by three major trends. The first is a preference for physical geography in accordance with the perception that geography as a whole is one of the natural sciences. The second trend can be observed in the remarkable emphasis placed upon new technologies applying spatial information, which are both subject of study and advanced tools. Finally, geography seeks to play an active role as a practical science within the context of a nation addressing development and integration.
1 0 0 0 OA 社会的弱者の自立と観光のグローバライゼーションに関する地域間比較研究
- 著者
- 江口 信清 藤巻 正己 ピーティ デヴィッド 山本 勇次 村瀬 智 瀬川 真平 池本 幸生 石井 香世子 四本 幸夫 古村 学
- 出版者
- 立命館大学
- 雑誌
- 基盤研究(A)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- 2006
本研究の目的は、社会的弱者が、不利益をもたらされがちであった観光現象を逆手にとって、自立化・自律化の途を進み、かつ近代化の過程で喪失してきた自信やプライド、そして「伝統」を回復することはできるのだろうか。社会的弱者の自立的な生き方に観光がどのような意味を持つのかについて、世界の多様な地域の事例の比較分析し、考察をすることにある。比較研究の結果、少なくとも4つの結論を得た。(1) 途上国における社会的弱者は、観光にかかわるだけでは自立しえないであろう。(2) 外部で作られた観光の概念やスタイルと現地の人たちの理解するそれらの間には、しばしば齟齬がある。(3) 自生的なリーダーとこの人物を支えるフォロワー関係の存在が、観光開発の成否やコミュニティの福祉の改善に大きくかかわる。そして、(4) 女性の役割がたいへん重要であるということである。