- 著者
- 落合 知美 綿貫 宏史朗 鵜殿 俊史 森村 成樹 平田 聡 友永 雅己 伊谷 原一 松沢 哲郎
- 出版者
- 一般社団法人 日本霊長類学会
- 雑誌
- 霊長類研究 (ISSN:09124047)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.31, no.1, pp.19-29, 2015-06-20 (Released:2015-08-07)
- 参考文献数
- 70
- 被引用文献数
- 1 2
The Great Ape Information Network has collated and archived information on captive chimpanzees within Japan since 2002. As of July 1st, 2014, a total of 323 chimpanzees were housed within 52 facilities across Japan, all registered in the Japanese Association of Zoos and Aquariums (JAZA) studbook. JAZA has recorded information on captive chimpanzees within Japan since the 1980s. However, for individuals unregistered and/or deceased prior to this period, JAZA holds scant information. There are very few surviving reports on living conditions and husbandry of such individuals, particularly for the years preceding the Second World War (WWII) (up to 1945). Here we present the first detailed history of captive chimpanzees in Japan before WWII, following a systematic investigation of disparate records. The first record of any live chimpanzee within Japan was a chimpanzee accompanying an Italian travelling circus in 1921. The history of resident captive chimpanzees in Japan began in 1927 when a chimpanzee, imported into Japan by a visitor, was exhibited in Osaka zoo. In the 1930s, many chimpanzee infants were imported to Japanese zoos until in 1941 imports were halted because of WWII. By the end of WWII, there was only one single chimpanzee still alive within Japan, “Bamboo”, housed in Nagoya. In 1951, importation of wild chimpanzees into Japan resumed. In total, we identified 28 individuals housed within Japan before 1945, none listed previously in the JAZA studbook. Of these 28 individuals: 6 entered Japan as pets and/or circus animals, 21 were imported to zoos, and one was stillborn in zoo. Of the 21 zoo-housed individuals, 7 died within one year and 9 of the remaining 14 were dead within 5 years of arriving in Japan. Four individuals are recorded to have lived 7-8 years. Only one male individual, the aforementioned “Bamboo”, lived notably longer, to about 14 years.
- 著者
- 落合 知美 綿貫 宏史朗 鵜殿 俊史 森村 成樹 平田 聡 友永 雅己 伊谷 原一 松沢 哲郎
- 出版者
- Primate Society of Japan
- 雑誌
- 霊長類研究 (ISSN:09124047)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- 2015
- 被引用文献数
- 2
The Great Ape Information Network has collated and archived information on captive chimpanzees within Japan since 2002. As of July 1<sup>st</sup>, 2014, a total of 323 chimpanzees were housed within 52 facilities across Japan, all registered in the Japanese Association of Zoos and Aquariums (JAZA) studbook. JAZA has recorded information on captive chimpanzees within Japan since the 1980s. However, for individuals unregistered and/or deceased prior to this period, JAZA holds scant information. There are very few surviving reports on living conditions and husbandry of such individuals, particularly for the years preceding the Second World War (WWII) (up to 1945). Here we present the first detailed history of captive chimpanzees in Japan before WWII, following a systematic investigation of disparate records. The first record of any live chimpanzee within Japan was a chimpanzee accompanying an Italian travelling circus in 1921. The history of resident captive chimpanzees in Japan began in 1927 when a chimpanzee, imported into Japan by a visitor, was exhibited in Osaka zoo. In the 1930s, many chimpanzee infants were imported to Japanese zoos until in 1941 imports were halted because of WWII. By the end of WWII, there was only one single chimpanzee still alive within Japan, "Bamboo", housed in Nagoya. In 1951, importation of wild chimpanzees into Japan resumed. In total, we identified 28 individuals housed within Japan before 1945, none listed previously in the JAZA studbook. Of these 28 individuals: 6 entered Japan as pets and/or circus animals, 21 were imported to zoos, and one was stillborn in zoo. Of the 21 zoo-housed individuals, 7 died within one year and 9 of the remaining 14 were dead within 5 years of arriving in Japan. Four individuals are recorded to have lived 7-8 years. Only one male individual, the aforementioned "Bamboo", lived notably longer, to about 14 years.
2 0 0 0 OA 日本におけるチンパンジー飼育の変遷(1926-2013年)
- 著者
- 綿貫 宏史朗 落合 知美 平田 聡 森村 成樹 友永 雅己 伊谷 原一 松沢 哲郎
- 出版者
- 一般社団法人 日本霊長類学会
- 雑誌
- 霊長類研究 (ISSN:09124047)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- pp.30.009, (Released:2014-06-18)
- 参考文献数
- 23
- 被引用文献数
- 9 9
Chimpanzees were first kept in captivity in Japan in 1926. The Great Ape Information Network (GAIN) collated historical and current data on all chimpanzees housed in Japan between 1926 and 2013 (972 individuals). GAIN has made this information available on an open-access database, with a record for each chimpanzee. Aims of this resource are to promote and inform good scientific research, welfare, care, and management of captive chimpanzees in Japan. This review presents quantitative data on the number of chimpanzees housed in each facility-type, number of individuals per facility, and increases in the number of individuals (imported historically or born in Japan). Facilities were categorized according to purpose: 1) zoo exhibition and/or entertainment, 2) cognitive/behavioral studies, 3) biomedical, and 4) other (animal dealer or privately-owned as pets). By the 1970s, chimpanzees housed in captivity increased with the number of zoos. Many wild chimpanzees were imported from Africa for use in invasive biomedical studies in around 1980. Japan ratified CITES in 1980. The captive population peaked in the 1990s, before decreasing. Field studies and laboratory-based cognitive investigations of chimpanzees in the 1990s and 2000s swayed public opinion against biomedical use. In 2006, invasive study of chimpanzees in Japan was severely limited and, by mid-2012, completely stopped. Ex-biomedical chimpanzees were assigned to cognitive and welfare studies. Since the 1987 peak in number of facilities, number of chimpanzees housed per facility has generally increased. The GAIN database has tried to facilitate increasing awareness of the vital importance, to good welfare, of housing chimpanzees within social groups. On 31st March, 2014, there were 323 chimpanzees in 51 facilities. Data provided by GAIN, and summarized in this paper, will hopefully aid the establishment of an action plan for good welfare, care, management and reproduction strategies to develop a self-sustaining population of captive chimpanzees in Japan.
- 著者
- 落合 知美 綿貫 宏史朗 鵜殿 俊史 森村 成樹 平田 聡 友永 雅己 伊谷 原一 松沢 哲郎
- 出版者
- 一般社団法人 日本霊長類学会
- 雑誌
- 霊長類研究 (ISSN:09124047)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- pp.31.001, (Released:2015-03-20)
- 参考文献数
- 70
- 被引用文献数
- 2 2
The Great Ape Information Network has collated and archived information on captive chimpanzees within Japan since 2002. As of July 1st, 2014, a total of 323 chimpanzees were housed within 52 facilities across Japan, all registered in the Japanese Association of Zoos and Aquariums (JAZA) studbook. JAZA has recorded information on captive chimpanzees within Japan since the 1980s. However, for individuals unregistered and/or deceased prior to this period, JAZA holds scant information. There are very few surviving reports on living conditions and husbandry of such individuals, particularly for the years preceding the Second World War (WWII) (up to 1945). Here we present the first detailed history of captive chimpanzees in Japan before WWII, following a systematic investigation of disparate records. The first record of any live chimpanzee within Japan was a chimpanzee accompanying an Italian travelling circus in 1921. The history of resident captive chimpanzees in Japan began in 1927 when a chimpanzee, imported into Japan by a visitor, was exhibited in Osaka zoo. In the 1930s, many chimpanzee infants were imported to Japanese zoos until in 1941 imports were halted because of WWII. By the end of WWII, there was only one single chimpanzee still alive within Japan, “Bamboo”, housed in Nagoya. In 1951, importation of wild chimpanzees into Japan resumed. In total, we identified 28 individuals housed within Japan before 1945, none listed previously in the JAZA studbook. Of these 28 individuals: 6 entered Japan as pets and/or circus animals, 21 were imported to zoos, and one was stillborn in zoo. Of the 21 zoo-housed individuals, 7 died within one year and 9 of the remaining 14 were dead within 5 years of arriving in Japan. Four individuals are recorded to have lived 7-8 years. Only one male individual, the aforementioned “Bamboo”, lived notably longer, to about 14 years.
1 0 0 0 日本に輸入された霊長類:江戸期以降の記録
- 著者
- 綿貫 宏史朗
- 出版者
- 日本霊長類学会
- 雑誌
- 霊長類研究 Supplement
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.34, pp.63-64, 2018
<p>近年の研究の進展による分類の見直しや新種の発見により,霊長目に属す種は年々増加しており,IUCNの最新の分類基準では約450種にのぼる。そのうち日本の在来種はニホンザルのみであり,ヒトを除くその他のすべての霊長類は外国産サル類ということになる。これらはヒトが持ち込まなければ日本に来ることはないはずのものたちだ。では,これまでにいったいどれだけの外国産サル類が日本に輸入されたのだろうか。江戸時代の鳥獣図誌などの各種史料や書籍,報道資料,動物園等の出版物や飼育台帳,日本動物園水族館協会年報,剥製や写真などの博物館資料をもとに,日本で飼育された記録のある霊長類種を集計した。種の分類基準は日本モンキーセンターが2018年3月に発表した霊長類和名リストに掲載される14科74属447種に準拠した。その結果,コビトキツネザル科2種,キツネザル科9種,イタチキツネザル科1種,インドリ科2種,アイアイ科1種,ガラゴ科3種,ロリス科7種,メガネザル科2種,サキ科7種,クモザル科9種,オマキザル科31種,オナガザル科オナガザル亜科48種,同コロブス亜科15種,テナガザル科11種,ヒト科6種の計154種について日本への輸入の記録が見つかった。写真記録や剥製標本により現在の分類基準に基づく種を推定できた例がある一方,ショウガラゴ<i>Galago senegalensis</i>,ヨザル<i>Aotus trivirgatus</i>,サバンナモンキー<i>Chlorocebus aethiops</i>など長らく1種とみなされておりながら現在細分化されているような分類群において細分化後の実態が不明な例もあった。その場合は「少なくとも」の数字でカウントした。こういった情報を日本における霊長類の飼育史として整理することで,今後の飼育下個体の福祉向上や希少霊長類の保全に貢献するとともに,博物館や大学で保管される標本や写真等の資料価値を高めることにつながると考える。本発表ではまだ資料収集や考察が不十分な点も理解しているが,今後も引き続き情報の集積に努めたい。</p>