- 著者
- 落合 知美 綿貫 宏史朗 鵜殿 俊史 森村 成樹 平田 聡 友永 雅己 伊谷 原一 松沢 哲郎
- 出版者
- 一般社団法人 日本霊長類学会
- 雑誌
- 霊長類研究 (ISSN:09124047)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.31, no.1, pp.19-29, 2015-06-20 (Released:2015-08-07)
- 参考文献数
- 70
- 被引用文献数
- 1 2
The Great Ape Information Network has collated and archived information on captive chimpanzees within Japan since 2002. As of July 1st, 2014, a total of 323 chimpanzees were housed within 52 facilities across Japan, all registered in the Japanese Association of Zoos and Aquariums (JAZA) studbook. JAZA has recorded information on captive chimpanzees within Japan since the 1980s. However, for individuals unregistered and/or deceased prior to this period, JAZA holds scant information. There are very few surviving reports on living conditions and husbandry of such individuals, particularly for the years preceding the Second World War (WWII) (up to 1945). Here we present the first detailed history of captive chimpanzees in Japan before WWII, following a systematic investigation of disparate records. The first record of any live chimpanzee within Japan was a chimpanzee accompanying an Italian travelling circus in 1921. The history of resident captive chimpanzees in Japan began in 1927 when a chimpanzee, imported into Japan by a visitor, was exhibited in Osaka zoo. In the 1930s, many chimpanzee infants were imported to Japanese zoos until in 1941 imports were halted because of WWII. By the end of WWII, there was only one single chimpanzee still alive within Japan, “Bamboo”, housed in Nagoya. In 1951, importation of wild chimpanzees into Japan resumed. In total, we identified 28 individuals housed within Japan before 1945, none listed previously in the JAZA studbook. Of these 28 individuals: 6 entered Japan as pets and/or circus animals, 21 were imported to zoos, and one was stillborn in zoo. Of the 21 zoo-housed individuals, 7 died within one year and 9 of the remaining 14 were dead within 5 years of arriving in Japan. Four individuals are recorded to have lived 7-8 years. Only one male individual, the aforementioned “Bamboo”, lived notably longer, to about 14 years.
- 著者
- 落合 知美 綿貫 宏史朗 鵜殿 俊史 森村 成樹 平田 聡 友永 雅己 伊谷 原一 松沢 哲郎
- 出版者
- Primate Society of Japan
- 雑誌
- 霊長類研究 (ISSN:09124047)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- 2015
- 被引用文献数
- 2
The Great Ape Information Network has collated and archived information on captive chimpanzees within Japan since 2002. As of July 1<sup>st</sup>, 2014, a total of 323 chimpanzees were housed within 52 facilities across Japan, all registered in the Japanese Association of Zoos and Aquariums (JAZA) studbook. JAZA has recorded information on captive chimpanzees within Japan since the 1980s. However, for individuals unregistered and/or deceased prior to this period, JAZA holds scant information. There are very few surviving reports on living conditions and husbandry of such individuals, particularly for the years preceding the Second World War (WWII) (up to 1945). Here we present the first detailed history of captive chimpanzees in Japan before WWII, following a systematic investigation of disparate records. The first record of any live chimpanzee within Japan was a chimpanzee accompanying an Italian travelling circus in 1921. The history of resident captive chimpanzees in Japan began in 1927 when a chimpanzee, imported into Japan by a visitor, was exhibited in Osaka zoo. In the 1930s, many chimpanzee infants were imported to Japanese zoos until in 1941 imports were halted because of WWII. By the end of WWII, there was only one single chimpanzee still alive within Japan, "Bamboo", housed in Nagoya. In 1951, importation of wild chimpanzees into Japan resumed. In total, we identified 28 individuals housed within Japan before 1945, none listed previously in the JAZA studbook. Of these 28 individuals: 6 entered Japan as pets and/or circus animals, 21 were imported to zoos, and one was stillborn in zoo. Of the 21 zoo-housed individuals, 7 died within one year and 9 of the remaining 14 were dead within 5 years of arriving in Japan. Four individuals are recorded to have lived 7-8 years. Only one male individual, the aforementioned "Bamboo", lived notably longer, to about 14 years.
2 0 0 0 OA 日本におけるチンパンジー飼育の変遷(1926-2013年)
- 著者
- 綿貫 宏史朗 落合 知美 平田 聡 森村 成樹 友永 雅己 伊谷 原一 松沢 哲郎
- 出版者
- 一般社団法人 日本霊長類学会
- 雑誌
- 霊長類研究 (ISSN:09124047)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- pp.30.009, (Released:2014-06-18)
- 参考文献数
- 23
- 被引用文献数
- 9 9
Chimpanzees were first kept in captivity in Japan in 1926. The Great Ape Information Network (GAIN) collated historical and current data on all chimpanzees housed in Japan between 1926 and 2013 (972 individuals). GAIN has made this information available on an open-access database, with a record for each chimpanzee. Aims of this resource are to promote and inform good scientific research, welfare, care, and management of captive chimpanzees in Japan. This review presents quantitative data on the number of chimpanzees housed in each facility-type, number of individuals per facility, and increases in the number of individuals (imported historically or born in Japan). Facilities were categorized according to purpose: 1) zoo exhibition and/or entertainment, 2) cognitive/behavioral studies, 3) biomedical, and 4) other (animal dealer or privately-owned as pets). By the 1970s, chimpanzees housed in captivity increased with the number of zoos. Many wild chimpanzees were imported from Africa for use in invasive biomedical studies in around 1980. Japan ratified CITES in 1980. The captive population peaked in the 1990s, before decreasing. Field studies and laboratory-based cognitive investigations of chimpanzees in the 1990s and 2000s swayed public opinion against biomedical use. In 2006, invasive study of chimpanzees in Japan was severely limited and, by mid-2012, completely stopped. Ex-biomedical chimpanzees were assigned to cognitive and welfare studies. Since the 1987 peak in number of facilities, number of chimpanzees housed per facility has generally increased. The GAIN database has tried to facilitate increasing awareness of the vital importance, to good welfare, of housing chimpanzees within social groups. On 31st March, 2014, there were 323 chimpanzees in 51 facilities. Data provided by GAIN, and summarized in this paper, will hopefully aid the establishment of an action plan for good welfare, care, management and reproduction strategies to develop a self-sustaining population of captive chimpanzees in Japan.
- 著者
- 落合 知美 綿貫 宏史朗 鵜殿 俊史 森村 成樹 平田 聡 友永 雅己 伊谷 原一 松沢 哲郎
- 出版者
- 一般社団法人 日本霊長類学会
- 雑誌
- 霊長類研究 (ISSN:09124047)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- pp.31.001, (Released:2015-03-20)
- 参考文献数
- 70
- 被引用文献数
- 2 2
The Great Ape Information Network has collated and archived information on captive chimpanzees within Japan since 2002. As of July 1st, 2014, a total of 323 chimpanzees were housed within 52 facilities across Japan, all registered in the Japanese Association of Zoos and Aquariums (JAZA) studbook. JAZA has recorded information on captive chimpanzees within Japan since the 1980s. However, for individuals unregistered and/or deceased prior to this period, JAZA holds scant information. There are very few surviving reports on living conditions and husbandry of such individuals, particularly for the years preceding the Second World War (WWII) (up to 1945). Here we present the first detailed history of captive chimpanzees in Japan before WWII, following a systematic investigation of disparate records. The first record of any live chimpanzee within Japan was a chimpanzee accompanying an Italian travelling circus in 1921. The history of resident captive chimpanzees in Japan began in 1927 when a chimpanzee, imported into Japan by a visitor, was exhibited in Osaka zoo. In the 1930s, many chimpanzee infants were imported to Japanese zoos until in 1941 imports were halted because of WWII. By the end of WWII, there was only one single chimpanzee still alive within Japan, “Bamboo”, housed in Nagoya. In 1951, importation of wild chimpanzees into Japan resumed. In total, we identified 28 individuals housed within Japan before 1945, none listed previously in the JAZA studbook. Of these 28 individuals: 6 entered Japan as pets and/or circus animals, 21 were imported to zoos, and one was stillborn in zoo. Of the 21 zoo-housed individuals, 7 died within one year and 9 of the remaining 14 were dead within 5 years of arriving in Japan. Four individuals are recorded to have lived 7-8 years. Only one male individual, the aforementioned “Bamboo”, lived notably longer, to about 14 years.
- 著者
- 吉川 泰弘 長谷川 寿一 赤見 理恵 落合 知美 倉島 治 斎藤 成也 数藤 由美子 高見 一利
- 出版者
- 日本霊長類学会
- 雑誌
- 霊長類研究 Supplement
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.20, pp.vi, 2004
「大型類人猿情報ネットワーク(GAIN)」は、その前身である「チンパンジー研究利用に関するフィージビリティースタディ(ナショナルバイオリソースプロジェクトの一環)」が培ってきた大型類人猿由来の研究リソース配分ネットワークとその理念を引き継ぎ、動物園などの飼育施設や研究者とのネットワークの拡大、大型類人猿死亡時のリソース分配をおこなってきた。本集会では、GAINがおこなってきた調査(研究リソースのニーズ調査、国内飼育下大型類人猿の飼育状況調査など)の結果や、リソース配分の具体例などについて報告したい。またGAINをとりまく様々な立場(資源の利用者側、飼育施設側など)からの話題提供も予定している。そのうえで、大型類人猿研究の現状と将来展望、資源配布を中心とする研究支援システムの問題点やこれからの展開について検討したい。
1 0 0 0 関西の電鉄系動物園と大型類人猿
- 著者
- 落合 知美
- 出版者
- 日本霊長類学会
- 雑誌
- 霊長類研究 Supplement
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.32, pp.45, 2016
<p>日本には、全国各地に動物園がある。それら動物園の運営形態は様々であるが、民間所有の動物園には、私鉄が運営する「電鉄系動物園」がある。これらの動物園は、私鉄沿線に作られ、公立動物園とは異なる発展を遂げてきた。関西地方においても、複数の私鉄が動物園を所有し、そこで大型類人猿を飼育してきた。しかし、2000年に入るといくつかの動物園は閉園し、残る電鉄系動物園も大型類人猿を飼育することはなくなった。そのため、飼育されていた大型類人猿の情報が紛失したり、確認が難しい状況となっている。そこで、関西の電鉄系動物園の成り立ちや歴史を調べるとともに、そこで飼育された大型類人猿の情報収集を試みた。調査は、文献調査を中心としておこなった。公益社団法人日本動物園水族館協会が発行する年報や国内血統登録書、文部科学省ナショナルバイオリソースのデータベース、図書館の郷土資料、地域の過去の新聞などを確認した。調査の結果、関西の電鉄系動物園の始まりは、1907年に阪神電気鉄道が開いた香櫨園大遊園地だろうと推測された。香櫨園大遊園地には、動物園のほか、ウォーターシュートや音楽堂などの施設もあった。1910年には、箕面有馬電気鉄道が箕面動物園を開園し、そこではボルネオオランウータンが飼育された。当時の記録には「佛領ボルネオ産の大ゴリラ」との記載がある。その後、京阪電気鉄道、阪急電気鉄道などが動物園を開園した。これら電鉄系の動物園は、沿線開発の一環として、都市と都市をつなぐ沿線に作られ、大型類人猿は珍しい動物として集客に使われていた。開園時期は、蒸気機関車から電車に変化し、都市間を走る私鉄が増加した時代である。一方、2000年代に入り電鉄系動物園の閉鎖が相次いだのは、沿線の宅地開発が終わった時期である。沿線に動物園を所有する意味や、大型類人猿を飼育する理由が時代とともに変化したことが大きな原因になったと推測された。</p>