著者

船橋 新太郎

出版者

日本霊長類学会

雑誌

霊長類研究 (ISSN:09124047)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.22, no.2, pp.85-96, 2006 (Released:2007-03-13)

参考文献数

38

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ADHD is one of the most prevalent childhood psychiatric disorders and could be explained as a prefrontal dysfunction. Studies suggest that ADHD is related to deficits of dopamine-related functions, because methylphenidate, which is a dopamine transporter inhibitor, is the most effective medication for the treatment of ADHD. The prefrontal cortex is the cortical area where the most strong dopamine innervation is observed. Local acute injection of dopamine-related drugs to the prefrontal cortex produces modulation of task-related activity and behavioral deficits in cognitive task performances. Thus, the dysfunction of dopamine-related modulation in the prefrontal cortex could be a possible candidate of biological causes of ADHD. To prove this idea, in the future we are going to inject 6-OHDA into infant monkeys' prefrontal cortex to disturb dopamine functions chronically and compare its behavior with normal monkeys.

著者

渡邉 慶 船橋 新太郎

出版者

一般社団法人 日本霊長類学会

雑誌

霊長類研究 (ISSN:09124047)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.31, no.2, pp.87-100, 2015-12-20 (Released:2016-01-30)

参考文献数

66

被引用文献数

2 3

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A dual-task is a procedure in which subjects are asked to perform two tasks simultaneously. Humans often show performance deficits in one or both of the component tasks in the dual-task. This effect, known as dual-task interference, is thought to reflect the fundamental characteristics of higher-order cognitive functions such as attention and working memory, therefore human dual-task performance has been extensively studied in the fields of cognitive psychology and neuroscience. Despite many decades of research, our understanding regarding the mechanisms underlying dual-task performance is still limited due to the lack of animal models that are amenable to direct recording of neuronal signals during dual-task performance. In this review, we first outline the history of dual-task research in human cognitive psychology. We then review the major trends of dual-task research in human functional neuroimaging studies, and discuss how these studies contributed to the understanding of neural mechanisms underlying dual-task performance. Finally, we review recent advances in behavioral and neurophysiological studies in nonhuman primates, and discuss how the development of animal models of dual-task performance will shed new light in these areas.

著者

田中 暁生 船橋 新太郎

出版者

日本霊長類学会

雑誌

霊長類研究 (ISSN:09124047)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.23, no.2, pp.91-105, 2007-12-20 (Released:2009-03-13)

参考文献数

36

被引用文献数

1

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Metamemory refers to the knowledge about one's own memory capabilities and mnemonic strategies that support efficient learning and memory, and/or to the awareness and recognition about on-going mnemonic processes as well as what is stored in memory. Psychological studies established experimental methods to investigate the accuracy of human metamnemonic judgments and demonstrated that humans were capable of monitoring their own memory accurately. Recently, a number of neuropsychological as well as neuroimaging studies have indicated that the prefrontal cortex plays a crucial role in metamemory. Meanwhile there have been growing interests in exploring metacognitive abilities in animals. These lines of studies have developed new experimental paradigms suitable for systematically investigating the capability of animals' metamemory. In this article, we first briefly review previous studies on metamemory in humans and animals. Based on the findings from these studies, we then discuss strategies for examining neuronal substrates of metamemory in monkeys through neurophysiological approaches.

著者

竹田 里江 山下 聖子 宮田 友樹 竹田 和良 池田 望 松山 清治 船橋 新太郎

出版者

日本作業療法士協会

雑誌

作業療法 (ISSN:02894920)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.35, no.4, pp.384-393, 2016-08-15

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要旨:日常生活場面を取り入れ,個人の興味・関心に配慮したワーキングメモリ課題を開発し,保続性の反応を呈する統合失調症患者に実施した.その結果,保続性の反応が改善し,BACS-Jのワーキングメモリ,運動機能,遂行機能の改善を認めた.また,意欲や活力,心の健康の改善が得られた.これらの結果は2回目介入時に再現性を認めた.本課題は,実生活の一場面をモデルに,思考・計画・判断・意思決定をするという特徴をもち,個人の興味・関心や遂行能力にテーラーメイドできる.興味・関心に配慮することは,課題に対する注意集中,記憶,思考,選択のしやすさに繋がり,潜在能力を喚起し,認知機能や意欲の改善に寄与することが示唆された.

著者

竹田 里江 竹田 和良 池田 望 松山 清治 石合 純夫 船橋 新太郎

出版者

日本作業療法士協会

雑誌

作業療法 (ISSN:02894920)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.31, no.5, pp.452-462, 2012-10-15

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要旨:ワーキングメモリ機能,目的志向的行動の計画や実行など前頭連合野機能を基盤にし,個人の興味・関心や遂行能力にテーラーメイド可能な訓練を開発した.今回,アルツハイマー型認知症の1症例に施行したところ,語の流暢性,抑制コントロール,記憶機能に向上を認めた.また,日常生活面での記憶,見当識,会話に改善が得られ,うつ状態評価尺度や症例の感想から情動面の改善も示唆された.本訓練は実生活に密着した内容で,対象に合わせて課題の難易度や題材を設定できる.単なる反復的な記憶訓練ではなく過去の記憶やアイディアの創出を刺激することを意図している.こうした特徴が症例の認知・情動の両側面の機能改善に寄与したと考えられた.