著者

Kazuma Okada Masato Wada Taku Shimizu Shigeki Moriya Kazuyuki Abe

出版者

The Japanese Society for Horticultural Science

雑誌

The Horticulture Journal (ISSN:21890102)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.QH-101, (Released:2023-10-14)

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The Tall Spindle apple (Malus × domestica Borkh.) planting system achieves high early and sustained yields and excellent fruit quality. This system requires high-density planting (1,000–1,500 trees/acre) of highly branched (feathered) nursery trees, which increases the total cost of nursery trees purchased. To supply large quantities of highly feathered nursery trees at low prices, the nursery cycle should be shortened to one year. However, it is difficult to naturally obtain one-year-old nursery trees with sufficient feather number and length. Repeated spraying with 6-benzyladenine (BA) has been used as a conventional method to induce feather formation in apple nursery trees. We recently demonstrated that gibberellin A3 (GA3) treatment also increases the feather number on young apple trees. Here, we investigated the effects of GA3 (0, 100, 500, and 1,000 μM) and BA (0, 75, 150, and 300 mg·L−1) combinations on the production of well-feathered trees over a one-year cycle. Among the 16 GA3 and BA combinations, repeated (7 or 9 times) spraying with 1,000 μM GA3 + 300 mg·L−1 BA solution (3 or 5 mL) was the most effective method for producing highly feathered nursery trees of ‘Fuji’/JM7 over a one-year cycle. In two trials, trees treated with 1,000 μM GA3 + 300 mg·L−1 BA had 0.9–1.0-fold greater terminal shoot lengths, 1.5–1.9-fold greater feather numbers (≥ 1 cm), 2.0-fold greater feather numbers (≥ 5–< 50 cm), 1.1–1.2-fold greater feather lengths, and 0.9-fold greater trunk diameters than those treated with 300 mg·L−1 BA (conventional method). The feathers of trees treated with 1,000 μM GA3 + 300 mg·L−1 BA were predominantly 1–30 cm long (≥ 94.5%), and only few large feathers were observed. Thus, compared with the conventional method, treatment with 1,000 μM GA3 + 300 mg·L−1 BA facilitated the production of highly feathered nursery trees over a one-year cycle. It also reduced the time and labor cost required to obtain a large number of well-branched nursery trees needed for high-density plantings such as in the Tall Spindle system.

著者

Shigeki Moriya Miyuki Kunihisa Kazuma Okada Hiroshi Iwanami Hiroyoshi Iwata Mai Minamikawa Yuichi Katayose Toshimi Matsumoto Satomi Mori Harumi Sasaki Takashi Matsumoto Chikako Nishitani Shingo Terakami Toshiya Yamamoto Kazuyuki Abe

出版者

一般社団法人 園芸学会

雑誌

The Horticulture Journal (ISSN:21890102)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.MI-156, (Released:2016-07-23)

被引用文献数

21

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During apple (Malus × domestica Borkh.) storage, a loss in fruit firmness can occur. This is frequently associated with mealiness, an undesirable trait. There have been studies, such as phenotypic analyses and transcriptomics, as well as others employing a transgenic approach, focusing on this trait. Certain genetic approaches, such as quantitative trait loci (QTL) approach, however, have not been attempted. In this study, to identify and characterize QTLs controlling flesh mealiness and to investigate their application in apple breeding, we performed classical QTL mapping based on a bi-parental population and a genome-wide association study (GWAS) of mealiness. Phenotypic data for mealiness allowed us to identify two QTLs in the bi-parental family located on linkage group 10. The GWAS discovered significant marker-trait associations on chromosomes 2, 9, and 10. The MdPG1 locus, located on chromosome 10, was identified as the locus with the strongest significance by both QTL mapping and GWAS, suggesting its primary contribution to flesh mealiness. Using a tri-allelic simple sequence repeat marker, Md-PG1SSR10kd, 10 kb downstream of the MdPG1 coding sequence, we divided apple accessions into six groups based on their genotypes. Among the six groups, the Md-PG1SSR10kd genotype “2/2” had the least mealy phenotype.