著者

Yuka Inada Naomi Oyama-Okubo Masumi Yamagishi

出版者

The Japanese Society for Horticultural Science

雑誌

The Horticulture Journal (ISSN:21890102)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.QH-066, (Released:2023-06-10)

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Although a strong floral scent is typical of hybrid lilies, Asiatic hybrid lilies (Lilium spp.) have only a weak scent. Therefore, developing new cultivars with pleasant floral scents is an important objective in Asiatic hybrid lily breeding programs. Among the wild species contributing to Asiatic hybrid lily establishment, L. cernuum has a characteristic scent that the nose can perceive. We crossed Asiatic hybrid lily cultivars twice with L. cernuum to introduce floral scent traits into Asiatic hybrid lilies, and scent emission in the F1 plants and their progeny lines was evaluated instrumentally. Flowers of L. cernuum emitted benzenoids/phenylpropanoids (mainly 2-phenylethanol and benzaldehyde), monoterpenes (predominantly linalool and linalool oxides), and a fatty acid (iso-valeric acid). Lilium cernuum gave off unpleasant odors mainly because of iso-valeric acid emission. The F1 flowers also emitted these three chemical classes. Among the lines derived from the crosses between Asiatic hybrid lily cultivars and the F1 plant, lines that emitted all three chemical classes and lines that released one or two of the three chemical classes were segregated, and some lines emitted benzenoids/phenylpropanoids or terpenoids without emitting fatty acids. We successfully selected elite breeding lines that predominantly emitted pleasant scents. Therefore, this study demonstrated the introduction of pleasant scent production capability into Asiatic hybrid lilies using interspecific hybridization with L. cernuum.

著者

Naomi Oyama-Okubo Yuki Mikanagi

出版者

The Japanese Society for Horticultural Science

雑誌

The Horticulture Journal (ISSN:21890102)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.QH-050, (Released:2023-02-18)

被引用文献数

2

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Rosa foetida Herrm. is an important wild rose that contributed to the birth of modern yellow cultivars. It is also well known for the unpleasant odor, not prevalent in other roses, emanating from its petals. We analyzed the floral scent of R. foetida and its sport cultivars, R. foetida var. bicolor (Jacq.) Willm. and R. foetida f. persiana (Lem.) Rehd., to identify the causative compounds for their offensive odor. Fatty acid derivatives 2,4-decadienal (2,4-DA), 2,4-decadienol (2,4-DO), and (Z)-jasmone were detected by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry along with several terpenoids, phenylpropanoids, and hydrocarbons. Among them, 2,4-DA and 2,4-DO were identified as the causative compounds of the offensive odor. This is the first detection of these fatty acid derivatives in the scent of rose flowers. We also analyzed the floral scent of eight descendant cultivars of R. foetida: ‘Agnes’, ‘Harison’s Yellow’, ‘Rhodophile Gravereaux’, ‘Schloss Seusslitz’, ‘Soleil d’Or’, ‘Star of Persia’, ‘The Queen Alexandra Rose’, and ‘Williams’ Double Yellow’. 2,4-DA and 2,4-DO were only detected in the smell of ‘Star of Persia’. No other descendant was found to emit these fatty acids. This is the first analysis of an unpleasant odor in roses.

著者

Naomi Oyama-Okubo Tomoaki Haketa Hiroyuki Furuichi Shunsuke Iioka

出版者

一般社団法人 園芸学会

雑誌

The Horticulture Journal (ISSN:21890102)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.OKD-090, (Released:2017-09-15)

被引用文献数

6

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A new blue petunia cultivar, TX-794 bred by Takii & Co., Ltd, has a sweet floral fragrance different from conventional petunia cultivars that typically have no odor or have a somewhat unfavorable smell. Since fragrant bedding plants suitable for summer cultivation are rare, we expect that the fragrance will enhance the value of TX-794. The characteristics of emitted scent compounds from TX-794 were evaluated in this study. The major scent compound was phenylacetaldehyde, a C6-C2 aromatic compound that was emitted at higher levels in TX-794 compared to conventional petunia cultivars. iso-Eugenol, a C6-C3 aromatic compound, is the major scent compound in conventional petunia cultivars. These results suggest that TX-794 has a high capacity to biosynthesize C6-C2 aromatic compounds, resulting in a significantly different scent compound composition compared to conventional petunia cultivars. Time-course analysis of scent compound emission revealed that the largest release of scent compounds by TX-794 occurs during the switch from light periods to dark periods. Soon after flowering, that is, in the light period on the day of anthesis, the major scent compound was p-cresol. Thereafter, the primary scent compound was phenylacetaldehyde or methyl benzoate with 2-phenylethanol occupying the next position. Since a bed or a container of petunias has flowers that are primarily over 2-days old, the basic fragrance of TX-794 plants is derived from phenylacetaldehyde, which has a hyacinth-like scent, 2-phenylethanol, which has a rose-like scent, and methyl benzoate, which has a dry fruit-like scent.

著者

Akiko Ito Daisuke Sakamoto Akihiro Itai Takaaki Nishijima Naomi Oyama-Okubo Yuri Nakamura Takaya Moriguchi Ikuko Nakajima

出版者

一般社団法人 園芸学会

雑誌

The Horticulture Journal (ISSN:21890102)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.MI-107, (Released:2015-12-17)

被引用文献数

10

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In order to promote increases in the size of ‘Kosui’ Japanese pear [Pyrus pyrifolia (Burm.) Nakai] fruit by plant growth regulators, we applied gibberellin (GA)3+4 paste [2.7% (w/w), A3:A4 = 90:10] in combination with prohexadione-calcium [1%, PCa; BAS-125 (3-oxido-4-propionyl-5-oxo-3-cyclohexene-carboxylate)], an inhibitor of GA 2β-hydroxylation that catabolizes active GA into an inactive form, to fruit pedicels at approximately 30 days after full bloom. GA3+4+PCa treatment advanced fruit growth only in the early stages, but fruit weight did not show any significant differences between the untreated control and GA3+4+PCa-treated fruits at harvest. In contrast, when GA4+7 [2.7% (w/w), A4:A7 = 66:34] was applied, the fruit weight at harvest was greater than that of untreated fruit. Moreover, GA4+7 treatment in combination with PCa resulted in an even higher fruit weight at harvest. The GA4 concentration in fruit flesh was not affected by GA3+4 application at 1 week after the treatment (WAT) either with or without PCa, but GA4 levels increased with GA4+7+PCa treatment, resulting in a significant increase in fruit weight at harvest. A single GA4+7 application almost doubled the GA4 concentration compared with the untreated control, but the difference was not significant. These results indicate that fruit weight at harvest was greater when the GA4 concentration was higher in the fruit flesh at 1 WAT. The higher concentration of GA4 in the GA4+7+PCa-treated fruit compared with the GA4+7 treatment alone may be attributed to the function of PCa that acts to prevent the inactivation of GA4 to GA34 by inhibiting 2β-hydroxylation.

著者

Kyutaro Kishimoto Hiroyuki Maeda Tomoaki Haketa Naomi Oyama-Okubo

出版者

園芸学会

雑誌

Journal of the Japanese Society for Horticultural Science (ISSN:18823351)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.CH-093, (Released:2014-04-23)

被引用文献数

6

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Ornamental cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. acephala f. tricolor) cultivars of Japanese seed companies are grown in Europe. Unpleasant odors from cut flowers have become a problem in this region. We investigated volatiles emitted from cut flowers of ‘Hatsubeni’ and ‘Haresugata’, two major Japanese ornamental cabbage cultivars in Europe, by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Dimethyl disulfide was identified as the major odor-active component emerging from plants as well as from vase water. Vase water was a major source of unpleasant scents, and odor development was prevented by changing the water frequently. We tested the effects of potential suppressors of dimethyl disulfide emission from cut flowers applied to vase water. Cyprodinil, an inhibitor of the synthesis of dimethyl disulfide from methionine, and aminooxyacetic acid, an inhibitor of enzymatic reactions involved in dimethyl disulfide biosynthesis, did not show any effects. In contrast, isothiazolinonic germicide, a cut-flower preservative, inhibited the rot of cut ends of flower stems and reduced dimethyl disulfide emission from cut flowers by 30–40%. In addition, this germicide significantly inhibited emissions from vase water. Isothiazolinonic germicide is a promising candidate inhibitor of unpleasant scents from cut flowers of ornamental cabbage.