著者

Katsuhiko Inamoto Tanjuro Goto Motoaki Doi

出版者

The Japanese Society for Horticultural Science

雑誌

The Horticulture Journal (ISSN:21890102)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.QH-102, (Released:2023-10-31)

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Three rose varieties, ‘Meivildo’, ‘Meikatana’, and ‘Korcut0122’ were grown using an “arching” method for three years. The relationship between temperature and light intensity, and the yield and quality of cut flowers, were analyzed. Flowering flushes were observed 18 times in ‘Meivildo’ and ‘Meikatana’ and 16 times in ‘Korcut0122’ during the experimental period. In three varieties, significant negative linear regressions between the interval of flowering flush (growth period, GP) and the mean temperature per GP were observed. Significant positive correlations and linear regression were observed between the number of cut flowers per plant and the mean temperature in ‘Meivildo’ and ‘Meikatana’, and the total light integral per GP (TLI) in ‘Korcut0122’. In three varieties, significant positive correlations and linear regressions were observed between the total cut flower weight per plant, and the mean daily light integral per GP (DLI) and TLI. Highly significant positive correlations and linear regressions were observed between the daily gain in flower weight (DGW) of cut flowers per plant (the total cut flower weight divided by the number of days of GP) and the mean DLI in all three varieties. In ‘Meivildo’ and ‘Meikatana’, cut flower weight per stem had significant negative correlations and linear regression with mean temperature and positive ones with TLI, while ‘Korcut0122’ showed no significant correlation with the three environmental factors. Significant positive correlations and linear regressions existed between the specific cut flower weight (the cut flower weight per stem length) and TLI in all three varieties, and negative ones existed between the specific cut flower weight and mean temperature in ‘Meivildo’ and ‘Meikatana’. The relationship between the results in this experiment and previous reports on the relation between the environment and cut flower yield quality are discussed. Finally, we present the significance of the method used in this experiment for 1) prediction of flowering and shipping of cut flowers, 2) evaluation of differences in characteristics among the rose varieties, and 3) contribution to the development of a growth model.

著者

Ken-ichiro YASUBA Hidehito KUROSAKI Takehiko HOSHI Takashi OKAYASU Yoshiyuki TANAKA Tanjuro GOTO Yuichi YOSHIDA

出版者

Japanese Society of Agricultural, Biological and Environmental Engineers and Scientists

雑誌

Environmental Control in Biology (ISSN:1880554X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.56, no.3, pp.107-112, 2018 (Released:2018-07-20)

参考文献数

17

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A program library for use on open-source hardware was developed in order to construct a low-cost environmental control system for greenhouses. The library facilitated the development of environmental sensing and control devices that conform to the protocols of the Ubiquitous Environment Control System (UECS). The open-source hardware used was the "Arduino Ethernet" and the "Arduino Mega 2560 with Ethernet Shield" microcontroller boards. UECS is a system for controlling greenhouse environments that communicates information via a local area network, and devices utilizing the library that we developed can perform the UECS defined communication tasks automatically. With the help of this library, device developers no longer need to program the communications aspects of the device and can concentrate on programming setting and control logic of the device. The library occupies about 29 kilobytes of the read only memory area of the target board. The library and associated open-source microcontroller boards are powerful tools for developing low-cost environmental control systems.

著者

Keigo Fukushima Shinji Kajihara Satoshi Ishikura Noritoshi Katsutani Tanjuro Goto

出版者

The Japanese Society for Horticultural Science

雑誌

The Horticulture Journal (ISSN:21890102)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.OKD-149, (Released:2018-02-08)

被引用文献数

2

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This study was initiated to investigate the effects of wet treatment at 10°C (WT10°C) and subsequent re-drying treatment (RDT) on the germination and growth of Eustoma grandiflorum seeds. Both treatments, WT10°C and RDT, were applied at 10°C under dark conditions. In all the experiments, ‘King of Snow’, which is one of the major Eustoma cultivars in Japan, was used. When the total number of days exposed to WT10°C and RDT was set to 35 days, the prevention of rosettes and the promotion of growth were dependent on the number of days of WT10°C, and these effects were maintained after RDT. When RDT was applied to the seeds after WT10°C for 35 days, the growth promotion due to WT10°C was maintained regardless of the length of re-drying time from 7 to 28 days; however, the germination rate decreased with RDT. On the other hand, applying RDT after WT10°C for 14 days had no effect on the germination rate; however, the growth promotion was insufficient compared with WT10°C for 28 days. This problem was solved by carrying out a further 14 days of WT10°C after RDT. When the seeds were exposed to WT10°C for 14 days, then re-dried for 7 days, and exposed to WT10°C for a further 14 days, the same growth promotion was achieved as for seeds exposed to WT10°C for 28 days continuously. The above results suggest that the promotion of growth depends on the total number of days of WT10°C regardless of whether these days are continuous or not. Moreover, the growth promotion was maintained after RDT. The results also suggest the possibility that when both the processes of WT10°C and the RDT are carried out by seed companies, growers who have no cooling equipment can produce cut flowers using seedlings grown in the high-temperature season.

著者

Tran Duy Vinh Yuichi Yoshida Mitsuo Ooyama Tanjuro Goto Ken-ichiro Yasuba Yoshiyuki Tanaka

出版者

一般社団法人 園芸学会

雑誌

The Horticulture Journal (ISSN:21890102)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.OKD-114, (Released:2017-11-17)

被引用文献数

14

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Blossom-end rot (BER) in tomato has been generally reported as a calcium (Ca)-related physiological disorder influenced by cultivar and environmental factors. In our previous works, we found that different fruit-sized cultivars could share a similar threshold value of water-soluble Ca. In addition, seasonal susceptibility to BER was closely related to fruit growth rate. This study aimed to clarify the effect of fruit growth rate as a dominant factor determining the susceptibility in different fruit-sized tomato cultivars. A large-sized cultivar, ‘Momotaro Fight’, and medium-sized ‘Cindy Sweet’, with different susceptibility to BER disorder, were hydroponically grown with modified Hoagland nutrient solutions consisting of a range of Ca:K (potassium) ratios in four cropping seasons. In spring and summer, BER incidence was more than 60 and 10% in ‘Momotaro Fight’ and ‘Cindy Sweet’, respectively, when plants were fed with low Ca. BER was rarely observed when water-soluble Ca exceeded 0.30 μmol·g−1 FW, and the rate of BER incidence increased with a decrease in water-soluble Ca concentration in both cultivars. Fruit growth rate was much more vigorous in ‘Momotaro Fight’ than ‘Cindy Sweet’, especially in summer. It was significantly favored by the increased temperature and solar radiation in both cultivars. The multiple regression analyses detected a significant effect of fruit growth rate on BER incidence, exclusively in ‘Momotaro Fight’. Together with water-soluble Ca, fruit growth rate explained over 50% of the variation of BER incidence. A vigorous rate of fruit growth can play a more important role in decreasing water-soluble Ca in ‘Momotaro Fight’, and result in severe and frequent BER incidence, compared to ‘Cindy Sweet’. Thus the cultivar difference in the susceptibility to BER is likely explained by the difference in the growth rate of young fruit affecting water-soluble Ca in the distal part of tomato fruit.

著者

Yoshiyuki Tanaka Shiho Fukuta Sota Koeda Tanjuro Goto Yuichi Yoshida Ken‑ichiro Yasuba

出版者

一般社団法人 園芸学会

雑誌

The Horticulture Journal (ISSN:21890102)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.OKD-115, (Released:2017-10-28)

被引用文献数

15

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Capsinoids are low-pungent capsaicinoid analogues in chili pepper fruits. They exhibit various bioactivities in humans similar to capsaicinoids, but do not produce a nasty burning sensation, encouraging their application in foods and supplements. Previous reports demonstrated that loss-of-function of putative aminotransferase (pAMT) leads to low-pungency and capsinoid accumulation. Therefore, the pamt allele is a useful gene in chili pepper breeding programs to enhance health-promoting properties. Eight loss-of-function alleles have been identified in the Capsicum genus, but the variation in pamt alleles remains to be fully elucidated. In this study, we identified one novel loss-of-function allele from the analysis of low-pungent chili pepper ‘No. 4034’ (C. chinense). ‘No. 4034’ contained mainly capsinoid with an undetectable level of capsaicinoid. A genetic complementation test was conducted by crossing ‘No. 4034’ with other accessions. The results indicated that ‘No. 4034’ possessed a loss-of-function pamt allele. Sequence analysis showed that the novel mutant allele contained a 7-bp insertion (TCGGTAC) in the 16th exon region, which we designated as pamt9. The insertion caused a frameshift mutation and resulted in a truncated protein. Gene expression analysis showed that the expression level of pAMT specifically decreased among biosynthetic genes tested here in ‘No. 4034’, compared with that of pungent accession. pamt9 will be useful for low-pungency and capsinoid breeding, and will provide additional information for variations in pAMT mutants.

著者

Erasmus Kirii Tanjuro Goto Yuichi Yoshida Ken-ichiro Yasuba Yoshiyuki Tanaka

出版者

一般社団法人 園芸学会

雑誌

The Horticulture Journal (ISSN:21890102)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.MI-148, (Released:2016-05-27)

被引用文献数

1 21

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Pungency in peppers is due to the presence of the alkaloid capsaicin and its analogues, collectively known as capsaicinoids. These compounds are only produced in the Capsicum genus and function as deterrents to mammals from consuming the pepper fruits. Pungency in pepper is qualitatively controlled by the Pun1 locus, which encodes a putative acyltransferase enzyme. Mutations in the Pun1 gene result in a loss of pungency, and several Pun1 loss-of-function alleles have been identified in sweet peppers to date (pun11–3). However, variations in pun1 alleles have not been completely elucidated. In the present study, we report a new type of loss-of-function pun1 allele, named pun14, in a Japanese sweet pepper cultivar, ‘Nara Murasaki’ (C. annuum). Sequence analysis at the Pun1 locus revealed that this type of Pun1 allele is caused by a single adenine nucleotide insertion in the second exon region. This insertion is unique to ‘Nara Murasaki’ and is not present in wild-type Pun1. This insertion causes a frameshift mutation and a change in the amino acid sequence, resulting in a truncated protein. The results of gene expression analysis indicated that the expression of Pun1 in ‘Nara Murasaki’ was hardly detectable, while the transcripts of this gene were strongly expressed in a pungent cultivar. In a co-segregation test, the pun14 genotype perfectly co-segregated with non-pungency in 103 F2 population plants of a cross between ‘Nara Murasaki’ and a pungent cultivar. ‘Nara Murasaki’ and a DNA marker to distinguish the pun14 allele will be informative for understanding the domestication process of sweet peppers.

著者

Yoshio Mori Katsuhiko Sumitomo Tamotsu Hisamatsu Tanjuro Goto

出版者

一般社団法人 園芸学会

雑誌

The Horticulture Journal (ISSN:21890102)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.MI-072, (Released:2015-12-16)

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Summer-to-autumn-flowering small-flowered spray-type (SAFS) chrysanthemums (Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat.) are commercially important in Japan, and there is an occasional increased demand for these flowers. However, under current cultivation methods, the quality of spray formations is compromised in order to maintain a sufficient production rate at times of peak demand. This study investigated the effect of interrupted lighting (IL), the intercalation of a period of long days (by night interruption) into the natural day length (NDL) period of growing, in order to regulate spray formations in SAFS chrysanthemum cultivars ‘Haruka’ and ‘Subaru’, in which lighting can markedly delay flowering. The effects of the NDL period before IL and those of the IL period were investigated. First, we investigated the effect of 2–12 days of NDL followed by 12 days of IL. Plants subjected to 2–6 days of NDL had longer flower clusters and a greater number of flower buds on the upper lateral flower stems and developed a broom-like spray. Next, we investigated the effect of 4–20 days of IL after 4 days of NDL. Plants subjected to 8–20 days of IL had longer flower clusters, more flower buds on the upper lateral flower stems, and broom-like sprays. These changes were more pronounced when the IL periods were prolonged. Our results showed that spray formation in SAFS chrysanthemum cultivars ‘Haruka’ and ‘Subaru’ can be regulated by controlling the timing and period of IL.

著者

Yuichi Yoshida Nobuyuki Irie Tran Duy Vinh Mitsuo Ooyama Yoshiyuki Tanaka Ken-ichiro Yasuba Tanjuro Goto

出版者

園芸学会

雑誌

Journal of the Japanese Society for Horticultural Science (ISSN:18823351)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.CH-107, (Released:2014-07-04)

被引用文献数

2 14

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To understand the factors affecting the incidence of blossom-end rot (BER), the effect of the Ca/K ratio (4/12–12/4, in me·L–1) in nutrient solutions and Ca concentration in fractions in the distal part of young tomato fruits immediately before BER symptoms appear were investigated for three seasons. The rate of BER incidence increased with a decrease in the Ca/K ratio in the supplied solutions in the summer and spring, but little difference was observed in the winter. Ca concentration was highest in winter and lowest in summer, and the concentration in fractions decreased with a decrease in the Ca/K ratio of the solutions. When the results of all three experiments were pooled, among the fractions, water-soluble Ca concentration was found to have the highest significance in the relationship to BER incidence. The risk of BER incidence in rapidly growing tomato increased to a critical level when water-soluble Ca in the distal part of the fresh fruit decreased to less than 0.20 μmol·g–1 FW. Multiple-regression analysis revealed that the concentration of water-soluble Ca, which is predominantly recovering apoplastic or cytoplasmic Ca2+, and total Ca, which has been translocated during fruit development, are significantly affected by solar radiation and Ca concentration in the supplied solution rather than air temperature.