著者

大谷 文章

出版者

The Society of Synthetic Organic Chemistry, Japan

雑誌

有機合成化学協会誌 (ISSN:00379980)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.55, no.5, pp.460-465, 1997-05-01 (Released:2009-11-16)

参考文献数

35

被引用文献数

1 1

---

Principle and recent development of photochemical reactions which are applicable to organic syntheses are interpreted. Special emphasis is placed on the new types of heterogeneous photoinduced reactions, e.g., semiconductor photocatalytic reactions, photoreactions of solid, and those of incorporated or intercalation compounds. Some industrialized photoreactions, e.g. photonitrosation of cyclohexane, or photochlorination of pyridines are also reviewed in order to see the perspective for application of photoreactions.

著者

南雲 紳史

出版者

公益社団法人 有機合成化学協会

雑誌

有機合成化学協会誌 (ISSN:00379980)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.81, no.8, pp.773, 2023-08-01 (Released:2023-08-05)

著者

谷 久也 山下 伸典

出版者

The Society of Synthetic Organic Chemistry, Japan

雑誌

有機合成化学協会誌 (ISSN:00379980)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.24, no.11, pp.997-1012, 1966-11-01 (Released:2010-06-28)

参考文献数

99

著者

平井 功一

出版者

The Society of Synthetic Organic Chemistry, Japan

雑誌

有機合成化学協会誌 (ISSN:00379980)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.38, no.2, pp.97-114, 1980-02-01 (Released:2010-01-22)

参考文献数

163

被引用文献数

11 13

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Recent advances in the field of the β-lactam ring syntheses are reviewed. All the methods are classified according to the notation of m±n_??_4 cyclization (m and n=0, 1, 2, 3, …), which is first proposed by the author. Each reaction is briefly commented.

著者

関屋 実

出版者

The Society of Synthetic Organic Chemistry, Japan

雑誌

有機合成化学協会誌 (ISSN:00379980)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.34, no.2, pp.67-81, 1976-02-01 (Released:2009-11-13)

参考文献数

71

被引用文献数

3 3

---

In an abundance of the previous papers formic acid has been exhibited as a versatile reducing agent for diverse organic compounds. This article is an attempt to review its reduction reactions, but does not exhaustively cover every paper in the literature. Attention has been made, in the main, to a consideration of studies in the reduction induced by formic acid or formate itself. Therefore, the reductions which seem likely to depend upon its prior decomposition are left out of consideration. Particularly, emphasis in this article is laid upon the works in recent decade on the reductions by the use of the formic acid-trialkylamine azeotropes as reducing agents, which have been devoted to developing several fields of the reduction.

著者

山本 亮

出版者

The Society of Synthetic Organic Chemistry, Japan

雑誌

有機合成化学協会誌 (ISSN:00379980)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.18, no.8, pp.531-542, 1960-08-01 (Released:2010-10-20)

参考文献数

31

著者

小林 祐輔 竹本 佳司

出版者

公益社団法人 有機合成化学協会

雑誌

有機合成化学協会誌 (ISSN:00379980)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.81, no.5, pp.483-491, 2023-05-01 (Released:2023-05-10)

参考文献数

51

被引用文献数

1

---

In recent years, halogen bonding (XB) interaction has attracted much attention in organic synthesis, especially for the activation of substrates. On the other hand, the use of XB interaction for the “stabilization” of molecules has been less explored. In this manuscript, the authors described our recent work on the development of new class of N-acyliminoiodinanes and iodonium ylides, which can be used as nitrene and carbene equivalents, respectively. The intramolecular XB interactions were confirmed by X-ray structure and natural bond orbital (NBO) analyses. The synthesized N-acyliminoiodinanes were found to be activated by photo-irradiation to react with silyl enol ethers, glycals, alkynes, and(hetero)aromatic compounds to afford the corresponding aminated adducts. In addition, the iodonium ylides baring intramolecular XB interaction underwent additive-free chemoselective coupling reaction of thioamides, even in protic polar solvents. The intramolecular XB could also control the coordination mode of the nucleophile via σ-holes, suppressing undesired side reactions. These findings would pave new avenues chemoselective coupling reactions using hypervalent iodine compounds.

著者

高橋 英一

出版者

The Society of Synthetic Organic Chemistry, Japan

雑誌

有機合成化学協会誌 (ISSN:00379980)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.39, no.11, pp.1114-1123, 1981-11-01 (Released:2009-11-13)

参考文献数

57

---

Many of the elements in the soil circulate through the ecosystem : soil (source) →plant (assimilator) →animal (predator) →microorganism (decomposer) →soil. In this circulation of elements, plant occupies a special and important position that the elements in the lithosphere firstly enter into the biosphere. Since 1900, the information on the existence and roles of trace metals in the plant has been much accumulated. These knowledges enable us not only to increase the crop yield but also to cure the disorders of crop, cattle and human caused by deficiency and excess of trace metals in the soil. In this paper such topics of essential (Cu, Zn, Mo, Mn, Fe) and non-essential (Cd, Al, Ge, Cr, Co, Ni, ) trace metals are briefly presented.

著者

奥田 靖浩

出版者

公益社団法人 有機合成化学協会

雑誌

有機合成化学協会誌 (ISSN:00379980)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.80, no.3, pp.246-247, 2022-03-01 (Released:2022-03-09)

参考文献数

8

---

As the mesityl group-substituted acridinium photocatalyst has an orthogonal structure, the π-systems are not conjugated, leading to the formation of a long-lived electron-transfer state depicted as Acr•-Mes•+ under photoirradiation conditions. Since this excited acridinium salt displayed a strong oxidizing ability (E*1/2=+2.06 V vs. SCE), single-electron oxidation of alkenes and arenes was accomplished. Applying this arene oxidation as key radical initiation protocol, direct C-H amination, cyanation, fluorination of electron-rich arenes and desulfurative [4+2] benzannulation were developed. Moreover, a single-electron reduced TICT state served as photoreductant in reductive dehalogenation of aryl halides and detosylation of N-tosylamines.

著者

芝 哲夫

出版者

公益社団法人 有機合成化学協会

雑誌

有機合成化学協会誌 (ISSN:00379980)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.48, no.8, pp.758-763, 1990-08-01 (Released:2009-11-13)

参考文献数

26

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わが国の明治時代の化学者たちの生き様には現代の我々が研究を進めるに当って参考になり学ぶことが多い。鈴木梅太郎のビタミンB1の発見, 下瀬雅允と下瀬火薬, Bälzの言葉, 高峰譲吉のタカジアスターゼおよびアドレナリンの発見の物語を紹介して私見を加える。

著者

伊藤 昌寿

出版者

公益社団法人 有機合成化学協会

雑誌

有機合成化学協会誌 (ISSN:00379980)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.21, no.3, pp.160-163, 1963-03-01 (Released:2010-06-28)

参考文献数

15

著者

山根 英人 真崎 光夫

出版者

The Society of Synthetic Organic Chemistry, Japan

雑誌

有機合成化学協会誌 (ISSN:00379980)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.35, no.11, pp.926-934, 1977-11-01 (Released:2009-11-13)

参考文献数

27

被引用文献数

2 2

---

The manufacture of ε-caprolactam is carried on by means of three processes at present. The first process was developed by IG Farben, at which the first industrial production of ε-caprolactam was begun in 1943. The starting material is phenol, from which cyclohexanone is produced, and then converted to the corresponding oxime. Hydoxylamine is produced by Raschig method. The oxime is transformed into ε-caprolactam by Beckmann rearrangement in oleum. Major amount of ε-caprolactam in the world is manufactured still by this process, which is, however, somewhat modified. The modifications differ with manufacturers. Phenol may be replaced with cyclohexane which is converted to cyclohexanone by air oxidation. Hydroxylamine can be produced also by reduction of either nitrogen monoxide or nitric acid. The second process was developed by Snia Viscosa in 1962. The starting material is toluene, which is converted into cyclohexane carboxylic acid. The treatment of the acid with nitrosyl sulfuric acid in oleum yields ε-caprolactam. The third process was developed by Toyo Rayon (now, Toray) in 1963. The method consists of the photo-reaction of cyclohexane with nitrosyl chloride giving cyclohexanone oxime hydrochloride, which is rearranged in oleum to ε-caprolactam.The ε-caprolactam manufacture is historically reviewed.

著者

櫻井 英博

出版者

公益社団法人 有機合成化学協会

雑誌

有機合成化学協会誌 (ISSN:00379980)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.81, no.4, pp.311, 2023-04-01 (Released:2023-04-08)

著者

谷本 能文 藤原 好恒

出版者

The Society of Synthetic Organic Chemistry, Japan

雑誌

有機合成化学協会誌 (ISSN:00379980)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.53, no.5, pp.413-422, 1995-05-01 (Released:2009-11-16)

参考文献数

17

被引用文献数

17 18

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Effects of high magnetic field (<14 T) on the primary process of organic photochemical reactions and related phenomena are reviewed. With increasing a magnetic field, lifetimes of triplet radical pairs in micellar solution and triplet biradicals in homogeneous solution increase significantly, reach their maximum values at ca. 2 T, and then decrease gradually up to 14 T. These results are interpreted in terms of the radical pair mechanism. The effects at low field are attributable to the reduction of spin transitions due to the isotropic and anisotropic hyperfine interaction. The inversion of the lifetime is attributable to the enhancement of spin relaxation induced by the anisotropic g-value.

著者

百合野 大雅 大熊 毅

出版者

公益社団法人 有機合成化学協会

雑誌

有機合成化学協会誌 (ISSN:00379980)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.81, no.3, pp.235-243, 2023-03-01 (Released:2023-03-07)

参考文献数

66

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Isonitrile (R-NC) is a regioisomer of the corresponding nitrile (R-CN), whose C-terminus has carbene like property. Isonitriles have been deeply investigated from the viewpoint of their use. In contrast to the usability, the synthesis of isonitriles themselves are not sufficiently studied. In this manuscript, we describe our findings on catalytic nucleophilic isocyanation using cyanide with precise control of the ambident reactivity. We successfully demonstrated Pd-catalyzed allylic isocyanation. A wide variety of allylic isonitriles were obtained by this method, in high yield with good linear selectivity. Allylic nitriles were not observed at all, which were the possible side products in the reaction. Even though the reaction is the Pd-catalyzed allylic substitution, no π-allyl Pd(II) intermediate is involved in the catalytic cycle. Pd salt, such as Pd(OAc)2 and Pd(CN)2, was just the precursor of catalytic active species. It was reversibly converted into the ate complex, (Me3Si)[Pd-(CN)3], with excess amount of trimethylsilyl cyanide (Me3SiCN). The ate complex plays dual roles: 1) The Me3Si group activates phosphate leaving group on the allylation electrophile. 2) The [Pd(CN)3]- part reacts as the nucleophile with its N-terminus because the strong interaction between Pd center and C-terminus of cyanide suppresses the C-nucleophilicity. Benzylic isocyanation was successfully catalyzed by Ag2O. Both primary and secondary benzylic isonitriles were obtained in high yield. Pd-catalyzed synthesis of α-aryl-α-isocyanoacetamide derivative was also demonstrated. This catalytic procedure was appropriate to the sequential transformation into the trisubstituted oxazole without isolation of the isonitrile intermediate. Mechanistic investigations revealed that the nucleophilic isocyanation proceeded through a SN1-type substitution predominantly.

著者

菅又 功 白井 昭宏 箕浦 真生

出版者

公益社団法人 有機合成化学協会

雑誌

有機合成化学協会誌 (ISSN:00379980)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.81, no.1, pp.46-52, 2023-01-01 (Released:2023-01-10)

参考文献数

22

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Gas storage and separation are closely related to various aspects of human society, such as the alleviation of greenhouse effect, promoting clean energy, and controlling harmful gases. In particular, hydrogen has been enthusiastically researched as a clean energy source that emits no greenhouse gases. Therefore, there are requirements for safe methods to manufacture, store, and transport hydrogen. Conventionally, hydrogen storage materials are metal hydrides and metal amides that react violently with moisture, and their usage environments are limited by the extreme conditions required for hydrogen gas generation. Metal-organic frameworks (PCP/MOFs) are porous coordination materials that are composed of organic ligands and metal ions. Because of their ability to efficiently adsorb small molecules, PCP/MOFs have potential applications in e.g., gas adsorption, catalysis, as well as energy storage and conversion. Functionalization and modification of the organic ligands to construct new MOFs are fascinating and significant areas in crystal engineering owing to the potential applications of the resulting materials. We describe the synthesis and gas-adsorption properties of novel MOFs using the functionalized organic ligands.

著者

功刀 泰碩 酒井 朝也

出版者

The Society of Synthetic Organic Chemistry, Japan

雑誌

有機合成化学協会誌 (ISSN:00379980)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.20, no.5, pp.426-434, 1962-05-01 (Released:2010-06-28)

参考文献数

39

著者

山本 為親

出版者

The Society of Synthetic Organic Chemistry, Japan

雑誌

有機合成化学協会誌 (ISSN:00379980)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.41, no.6, pp.570-576, 1983-06-01 (Released:2009-11-13)

参考文献数

9

被引用文献数

2 2

---

Fuel methanol made of natural gas or coal in large scale under adequate conditions can be substitute of petroleum products. In Japan now the fuel methanol is mainly considered as the fuel of internal combustion engines, however, the most profitable use of fuel methanol is the raw materials of petrochemicals industry. Ethylene and propylene can be made from by far higher yield than that from naphtha under mild conditions. Gasoline from methanol by MTB process contains about 30% of aromatic hydrocarbons. Against hydrocarbon steam reforming to make hydrogen carried out at 800-900°C, methanol can be steam reformed at 250300°C with more simple installation.If the cost of calorific value of fuel methanol and petroleum products are same, the use of methanol as raw material is profitable far away than use of petroleum naphtha in Japan.

著者

伊藤 正雄

出版者

The Society of Synthetic Organic Chemistry, Japan

雑誌

有機合成化学協会誌 (ISSN:00379980)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.34, no.7, pp.505-511, 1976-07-01 (Released:2009-11-13)

参考文献数

32

被引用文献数

2 4

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Maleic Anhydride is produced through an oxidation in a catalytic vapor phase of various hydrocarbons, and Benzene and C4 Hydrocarbons are usually its feedstock in commercial production.A catalyst having vanadium oxides as an active component acts an important role in the process of oxidating hydrocarbons into Maleic Anhydride. In order to find out a catalyst having a higher selectivity against Maleic Anhydride, a study on the oxigen transfer mechanism over the surface of catalyst in the course of oxidation procedure was first carried out, and the oxidation kinetics was also developed for determing the optimum conditions for reation.Process for commercial purpose employs two types of reactor ; one being a fixed bed type and the other a fluidized bed type. In the following, comparison of these two types and characteristic features of several commercial processes for Maleic Anhydride production are also dealt with.

著者

近藤 美欧 正岡 重行

出版者

The Society of Synthetic Organic Chemistry, Japan

雑誌

有機合成化学協会誌 (ISSN:00379980)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.80, no.11, pp.1055-1064, 2022-11-01 (Released:2022-11-05)

参考文献数

90

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Artificial photosynthesis mimics natural photosynthesis and involves oxidation and reduction half-reactions, both of which are small-molecule transformations. Given that the realization of artificial photosynthesis may alleviate the energy and environmental problems faced by humankind, the development of catalysts for such transformations is a task of great practical significance. Our analysis of the natural photosynthetic system suggests that efficient small-molecule conversion requires the related catalysts to have (1) an active center with good reactivity, (2) charge-transporting sites close to the active center, and (3) substrate-transporting channels. Herein, we describe our recent progress in the development of small-molecule conversion catalysts based on this consideration and our original concept of function integration.