著者

Tatsuro Murata

出版者

Japanese Society of Breeding

雑誌

Breeding Science (ISSN:13447610)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.73, no.4, pp.393-400, 2023 (Released:2023-10-03)

参考文献数

29

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This study aimed to investigate the relationship between low seed set and abnormal embryo sacs lacking normal female organs, such as one egg cell, two assistant cells, and two polar nuclei, in Ipomoea trifida, which is closely related to sweet potato, and sweet potato cultivars and lines, through histological analysis of their ovaries on flowering day. Ovaries of diploid, tetraploid, and hexaploid lines of I. trifida each had four ovules, except for some hexaploid lines with five or six ovules. Almost all sweet potato cultivars and lines had four ovules per ovary, although some sib-cross lines had two or three ovules. The number of ovules per ovary did not have direct effects on low seed set. The frequency of abnormal embryo sac increased with polyploidy in I. trifida. However, it varied among different sweet potato cultivars and lines. Moreover, the variation in abnormal embryo sacs occurred at an earlier stage of gametogenesis (type A) in the tetraploid and hexaploid plants of I. trifida and sweet potato cultivars and lines. These findings suggest that the high frequency of abnormal embryo sacs is a primary cause of low seed set in sweet potato and that it is closely related to the decline in seed propagation that occurs in the evolution process of sweet potato.

著者

Agetha Bigie Nanape Hlaing Moe Haine Kazuhiko Sugimoto Fuminori Kobayashi Youko Oono Hirokazu Handa Takao Komatsuda Katsuyuki Kakeda

出版者

Japanese Society of Breeding

雑誌

Breeding Science (ISSN:13447610)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.73, no.4, pp.401-407, 2023 (Released:2023-10-03)

参考文献数

18

被引用文献数

1

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Closed fertilization in flowers, or cleistogamy, reduces the risk of fungal infection in Triticeae crops. In barley (Hordeum vulgare), cleistogamy is determined by a single recessive gene, cly1, which results from a single nucleotide polymorphism within the microRNA172 target site of the Apetala2 (AP2) transcription factor gene. The recessive cly1 allele negatively regulates the development of lodicules, keeping florets closed at anthesis. However, cleistogamy is not evident in hexaploid wheat (Triticum aestivum) cultivars. This study aimed at identifying mutations in wheat AP2 orthologs by ethyl methane sulfonate–induced mutagenesis and high-resolution melt analysis. Although flowers of AP2 mutants induced in the A and D genomes opened at anthesis, their lodicule size was significantly smaller, especially in the direction of depth, than that of wild-type plants. One of the mutants that carried a nucleotide replacement in AP2 from the D genome produced a compact spike caused by a substantial decrease in rachis internode length, analogous to the barley dense spike. Cleistogamous hexaploid wheat might be generated by combining effective mutant alleles of AP2-homoeologous genes.

著者

Katsuhiro Matsui Takayuki Tamura Keito Nishizawa Akiko Ohara-Takada

出版者

Japanese Society of Breeding

雑誌

Breeding Science (ISSN:13447610)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.73, no.4, pp.408-414, 2023 (Released:2023-10-03)

参考文献数

20

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Job’s tears (Coix lacryma-jobi L.) is grown widely in Asian countries and a crop that can fertilize with own pollen and pistils. The grains are used not only for food but also for medicinal purposes. The grain of many cultivars contains glutinous endosperm; only grains with this glutinous endosperm are suitable for use as medicine in Japan. Many wild types have non-glutinous endosperm and can easily cross with cultivar under natural environmental conditions. Because the non-glutinous endosperm trait is dominant to that of glutinous endosperm, F1 seeds produced by crosses between a cultivar and a wild type have non-glutinous endosperm. To reduce the rate of unwanted crosses, we investigated the pollen dispersal distance by using a red leaf sheath as a morphological marker. When plants were cultivated in rows 70 cm apart, the crossing rate was about 25%–35%. As the distance increased, the crossing rate decreased at a rate that could be fitted to a power approximation in fields without intervening plants and to an exponential equation in fields with intervening plants. Our data could be used as guidelines for preventing unwanted crossing with wild types when growing cultivars.

著者

Ma. LaRue E. Ballesfin Ricky B. Vinarao Janice Sapin Sung-Ryul Kim Kshirod K. Jena

出版者

Japanese Society of Breeding

雑誌

Breeding Science (ISSN:13447610)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.68, no.4, pp.474-480, 2018 (Released:2018-10-10)

参考文献数

34

被引用文献数

9 9

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An intergeneric hybrid was successfully developed between Oryza sativa L. (IRRI 154) and Leersia perrieri (A. Camus) Launert using embryo rescue technique in this study. A low crossability value (0.07%) implied that there was high incompatibility between the two species of the hybrid. The F1 hybrid showed intermediate phenotypic characteristics between the parents but the plant height was very short. The erect plant type resembled the female parent IRRI 154 but the leaves were similar to L. perrieri. Cytological analysis revealed highly non-homology between chromosomes of the two species as the F1 plants showed 24 univalents without any chromosome pairing. The F1 hybrid plant was further confirmed by PCR analysis using the newly designed 11 indel markers showing polymorphism between O. sativa and L. perrieri. This intergeneric hybrid will open up opportunities to transfer novel valuable traits from L. perrieri into cultivated rice.

著者

Kyoko Yamane Tomoe Yamada-Kato Natsuko Haga Kaori Ishida Seiji Murayama Keiko Kobayashi Isao Okunishi

出版者

Japanese Society of Breeding

雑誌

Breeding Science (ISSN:13447610)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.73, no.3, pp.237-245, 2023 (Released:2023-07-27)

参考文献数

46

被引用文献数

1

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Wasabi (Japanese horseradish, Eutrema japonicum) is the only cultivated species in the genus Eutrema with functional components that provide a strong pungent flavor. To evaluate genetic resources for wasabi breeding, we surveyed variations in the two most abundant isothiocyanate (ITC) components in wasabi, allyl isothiocyanate (AITC) and 6-methylsulfinyl (hexyl) isothiocyanate (6-MSITC, hexaraphane). We also examined the phylogenetic relationships among 36 accessions of wild and cultivated wasabi in Japan using chloroplast DNA analysis. Our results showed that (i) the 6-MSITC content in currently cultivated wasabi accessions was significantly higher than in escaped cultivars, whereas the AITC content was not significantly different. (ii) Additionally, the 6-MSITC content in cultivated wasabi was significantly lower in the spring than during other seasons. This result suggested that the 6-MSITC content responds to environmental conditions. (iii) The phylogenetic position and the 6-MSITC content of accessions from Rebun, Hokkaido Prefecture had different profiles compared with those from southern Honshu, Japan, indicating heterogeneity of the Rebun populations from other Japanese wasabi accessions. (iv) The total content of AITC and 6-MSITC in cultivated wasabi was significantly higher than that of wild wasabi. In conclusion, old cultivars or landraces of wasabi, “zairai”, are the most suitable candidates for immediate use as genetic resources.

著者

Wei Xiang Kailong Li Fang Dong Ya Zhang Qiang Zeng Ling Jiang Daowei Zhang Yanlan Huang Liang Xiao Zhuo Zhang Chaofan Zhang

出版者

Japanese Society of Breeding

雑誌

Breeding Science (ISSN:13447610)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.73, no.3, pp.246-260, 2023 (Released:2023-07-27)

参考文献数

113

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Sweetpotato variety breeding is always a long process. Screening of hybrid offspring is dominated by empirical judgment in this process. Data analysis and decision fatigue have been troubling breeders. In recent years, the low-efficiency screening mode has been unable to meet the requirements of sweetpotato germplasm innovation. Therefore, it is necessary to construct a high-efficiency method that can screen germplasms for different usages, for mining elite genotypes, and to create dedicated sweetpotato varieties. In this article, the multicriteria decision-making (MCDM) model was constructed based on six agronomic traits, including fresh root yield, vine length, vine diameter, branch number, root number and the spatial distribution of storage roots, and five quality traits, including dry matter content, marketable root yield, uniformity of roots, starch content and the edible quality score. Among these, the edible quality score was calculated by using fuzzy comprehensive evaluation to integrate the sensory scores of color, odor, sweetness, stickiness and fibrous taste. The MCDM model was compared with the traditional screening method via an evaluation in 25 sweetpotato materials. The interference of subjective factors on the evaluation results was significantly reduced. The MCDM model is more overall, more accurate and faster than the traditional screening method in the selection of elite sweetpotato materials. It could be programmed to serve the breeders in combination with the traditional screening method.

著者

Xudong Song Guangfei Zhou Zhenliang Zhang Huiming Zhang Lin Xue Hui Wang Mingliang Shi Huhua Lu Yuxiang Mao Guoqing Chen Xiaolan Huang Hongjian Zheng Derong Hao

出版者

Japanese Society of Breeding

雑誌

Breeding Science (ISSN:13447610)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.73, no.3, pp.261-268, 2023 (Released:2023-07-27)

参考文献数

36

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Ear tip-barrenness (ETB), which results from aborted kernels or infertile florets at the ear tip, is an undesirable factor affecting the yield and quality of waxy maize. To uncover the genetic basis of ETB, a genome-wide association study (GWAS) was conducted using the genotype with 27,354 SNPs and phenotype with three environments. Five SNPs that distributed on chromosomes 1, 3 and 6, were identified to be significantly associated with ETB based on the threshold of false discovery rate (FDR) at 0.05. Among these significant loci, three SNPs were clustered together and colocalized with genomic regions previously reported. The average length of ETB decreased almost linearly from the inbred lines containing no favorable alleles across the three loci (1.75 cm) to those with one (1.18 cm), two (0.94 cm) and three (0.65 cm) favorable alleles. Moreover, three important genes, Zm00001d030028, Zm00001d041510 and Zm00001d038676 were predicted for three significant QTLs, respectively. These results promote the understanding genetic basis for ETB and will be useful for breeding waxy maize varieties with high-quality and high-yield.

著者

Md. Mostofa Kamal Cuong Dinh Nguyen Sachiyo Sanada-Morimura Shao-Hui Zheng Daisuke Fujita

出版者

Japanese Society of Breeding

雑誌

Breeding Science (ISSN:13447610)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.73, no.3, pp.278-289, 2023 (Released:2023-07-27)

参考文献数

55

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The brown planthopper (BPH), Nilaparvata lugens Stål, is an insect pest that severely damages rice (Oryza sativa L.) in Asia, causing huge yield loss. Use of resistant variety is a cost-effective and eco-friendly strategy for maintaining BPH populations below the economic injury level. However, current BPH populations have been changed to virulence against resistant varieties. In this study, to estimate effective combinations among eight BPH resistance genes (BPH32, BPH17-ptb, BPH20, BPH17, BPH3, BPH25, BPH26 and qBPH6), eight near-isogenic lines with the genetic background of an Indica Group rice variety ‘IR64’ (IR64-NIL) were developed using marker-assisted selection. The genome recoveries of these NILs ranged from 89.3% to 98.8% and agronomic traits of them were similar to those of ‘IR64’. In modified seed box screening test, resistance level of IR64-NILs was higher than that of ‘IR64’. In antibiosis test, high adult mortalities of BPH (from 56.0% to 97.0%) were observed among NILs, in comparison with that of ‘IR64’. Among IR64-NILs, the line carrying BPH17 showed the highest resistance level at all tests. Thus, these IR64-NILs with multiple BPH resistance genes could be valuable breeding lines for enhancing resistance levels by gene pyramiding and multiline variety.

著者

Yu Wei Sun Xin Yu Wang Lu Liu Qi Zhang Yong Jing Xi Pi Wu Wang

出版者

Japanese Society of Breeding

雑誌

Breeding Science (ISSN:13447610)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.73, no.3, pp.290-299, 2023 (Released:2023-07-27)

参考文献数

44

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Light provides energy for photosynthesis and is also an important environmental signal that regulates plant growth and development. Ribose-5-phosphate isomerase plays a crucial role in photosynthesis. However, ribose-5-phosphate isomerase has yet to be studied in soybean photosynthesis. To understand the biological function of GmRPI2, in this study, GmRPI2 was cloned, plant overexpression vectors and gene editing vectors were successfully constructed, and transformed into recipient soybean JN74 using the Agrobacterium-mediated method. Using qRT-PCR, we analyzed that GmRPI2 gene expression was highest in leaves, second highest in roots, and lowest in stems. Promoter analysis revealed the presence of multiple cis-acting elements related to light response in the promoter region of GmRPI2. Compared with the control soybean plants, the net photosynthetic rate and transpiration rate of the overexpression lines were higher than those of the control and gene editing lines, while the intercellular CO2 concentration was significantly lower than that of the control and gene editing lines; the total chlorophyll, chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b contents and soluble sugar contents of the overexpression plants were significantly higher than those of the recipient and editing plants, indicating that the GmRPI2 gene can increase The GmRPI2 gene can increase the photosynthetic capacity of soybean plants, providing a theoretical basis and genetic resources for improving soybean yield by regulating photosynthetic efficiency.

著者

Anna Ivanova-Pozdejeva Liina Jakobson Kai Ilves Agnes Kivistik Liina Kann Jekaterina Aida Liisa Kübarsepp Terje Tähtjärv Kristiina Laanemets

出版者

Japanese Society of Breeding

雑誌

Breeding Science (ISSN:13447610)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.73, no.3, pp.300-312, 2023 (Released:2023-07-27)

参考文献数

50

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Globodera rostochiensis resistance has been an important trait in potato (Solanum tuberosum) breeding for decades. Our aim was to complement phenotypic testing with genetic marker analysis. We analysed the results of G. rostochiensis resistance greenhouse testing in 4601 tubers of 2918 breeding clones from 11 years. Applicability of H1 gene markers TG689 and 57R was compared. We implemented the latter with the positive predictive value of 99.1% and negative predictive value of 60.0% into the breeding scheme. The 57R marker alleles of 22 Estonian cultivars and 470 breeding clones were determined. Two unique 57R alleles, 57R-887 and 57R-1155, were found in Estonian cultivar ‘Anti’. The 887 bp allele has two deletions (14 bp and 490 bp) accompanied by several other indels and SNPs within the 57R marker region. The 1155 bp allele has three deletions (7 bp, 20 bp and 210 bp) accompanied by several other indels and SNPs within the same region. Partial resistance to G. rostochiensis in ‘Anti’ suggests that the newly described alleles could affect the H1-mediated resistance directly or indirectly.

著者

Kunihiko Komatsu Takashi Sayama Ken-ichiro Yamashita Yoshitake Takada

出版者

Japanese Society of Breeding

雑誌

Breeding Science (ISSN:13447610)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.73, no.3, pp.322-331, 2023 (Released:2023-07-27)

参考文献数

36

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To avoid crop failure because of climate change, soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill) cultivars adaptable to early planting are required in western Japan. Because current Japanese cultivars may not be adaptable, genetic resources with high early-planting adaptability, and their genetic information must be developed. In the present study, summer type (ST) soybeans developed for early planting were used as plant materials. We examined their phenological characteristics and short reproductive period as an indicator of early planting adaptability and performed genetic studies. Biparental quantitative trait loci (QTL) analysis of a representative ST cultivar revealed a principal QTL for the reproductive period duration on chromosome 11. The results of resequencing analysis suggested that circadian clock-related Tof11 (soybean orthologue of PRR3) is a candidate QTL. Additionally, all 25 early planting-adaptable germplasms evaluated in this study possessed mutant alleles in Tof11, whereas 15 conventional cultivars only had wild-type alleles. These results suggest that mutant alleles in Tof11 are important genetic factors in the high adaptability to early planting of these soybeans, and thus, these alleles were acquired and accumulated in the ST soybean population.

著者

Kazufumi Nagata Yasunori Nonoue Kazuki Matsubara Ritsuko Mizobuchi Nozomi Ono Taeko Shibaya Kaworu Ebana Eri Ogiso-Tanaka Takanari Tanabata Kazuhiko Sugimoto Fumio Taguchi-Shiobara Jun-ichi Yonemaru Yusaku Uga Atsunori Fukuda Tadamasa Ueda Shin-ichi Yamamoto Utako Yamanouchi Toshiyuki Takai Takashi Ikka Katsuhiko Kondo Tomoki Hoshino Eiji Yamamoto Shunsuke Adachi Jian Sun Noriyuki Kuya Yuka Kitomi Ken Iijima Hideki Nagasaki Ayahiko Shomura Tatsumi Mizubayashi Noriyuki Kitazawa Kiyosumi Hori Tsuyu Ando Toshio Yamamoto Shuichi Fukuoka Masahiro Yano

出版者

Japanese Society of Breeding

雑誌

Breeding Science (ISSN:13447610)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.73, no.3, pp.332-342, 2023 (Released:2023-07-27)

参考文献数

64

被引用文献数

1

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Many agronomic traits that are important in rice breeding are controlled by multiple genes. The extensive time and effort devoted so far to identifying and selecting such genes are still not enough to target multiple agronomic traits in practical breeding in Japan because of a lack of suitable plant materials in which to efficiently detect and validate beneficial alleles from diverse genetic resources. To facilitate the comprehensive analysis of genetic variation in agronomic traits among Asian cultivated rice, we developed 12 sets of chromosome segment substitution lines (CSSLs) with the japonica background, 11 of them in the same genetic background, using donors representing the genetic diversity of Asian cultivated rice. Using these materials, we overviewed the chromosomal locations of 1079 putative QTLs for seven agronomic traits and their allelic distribution in Asian cultivated rice through multiple linear regression analysis. The CSSLs will allow the effects of putative QTLs in the highly homogeneous japonica background to be validated.

著者

Mutsuo Tsuyama Shogo Ogawa Keiichi Ogawa Toshiya Igarashi Emiko Koizumi

出版者

Japanese Society of Breeding

雑誌

Breeding Science (ISSN:13447610)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.73, no.3, pp.343-348, 2023 (Released:2023-07-27)

参考文献数

11

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Golden cyst nematodes have threatened the cultivation of ‘Toyoshiro’, a major potato variety used for chip processing in Japan. Common scab is a soilborne disease that occurs in potato fields worldwide. To solve these problems, we crossed two US varieties and selected a clone that showed a slightly higher marketable yield and a significantly higher yield rate, compared with ‘Toyoshiro’, and had good chip processing quality, extreme resistance to cyst nematodes, and moderately high resistance to common scab. This clone was named ‘Poroshiri’; it is the first variety released from the Calbee Potato breeding program.

著者

Masako Ichikawa Norio Kato Erika Toda Masakazu Kashihara Yuji Ishida Yukoh Hiei Sachiko N. Isobe Kenta Shirasawa Hideki Hirakawa Takashi Okamoto Toshihiko Komari

出版者

Japanese Society of Breeding

雑誌

Breeding Science (ISSN:13447610)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.73, no.3, pp.349-353, 2023 (Released:2023-07-27)

参考文献数

25

被引用文献数

1

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Somaclonal variation was studied by whole-genome sequencing in rice plants (Oryza sativa L., ‘Nipponbare’) regenerated from the zygotes, mature embryos, and immature embryos of a single mother plant. The mother plant and its seed-propagated progeny were also sequenced. A total of 338 variants of the mother plant sequence were detected in the progeny, and mean values ranged from 9.0 of the seed-propagated plants to 37.4 of regenerants from mature embryos. The natural mutation rate of 1.2 × 10–8 calculated using the variants in the seed-propagated plants was consistent with the values reported previously. The ratio of single nucleotide variants (SNVs) among the variants in the seed-propagated plants was 91.1%, which is higher than 56.1% previously reported, and not significantly different from those in the regenerants. Overall, the ratio of transitions to transversions of SNVs was lower in the regenerants as shown previously. Plants regenerated from mature embryos had significantly more variants than different progeny types. Therefore, using zygotes and immature embryos can reduce somaclonal variation during the genetic manipulation of rice.

著者

Kanae Masuda Takashi Akagi

出版者

Japanese Society of Breeding

雑誌

Breeding Science (ISSN:13447610)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.73, no.2, pp.95-107, 2023 (Released:2023-06-06)

参考文献数

136

被引用文献数

2

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Sexuality is the main strategy for maintaining genetic diversity within a species. In flowering plants (angiosperms), sexuality is derived from ancestral hermaphroditism and multiple sexualities can be expressed in an individual. The mechanisms conferring chromosomal sex determination in plants (or dioecy) have been studied for over a century by both biologists and agricultural scientists, given the importance of this field for crop cultivation and breeding. Despite extensive research, the sex determining gene(s) in plants had not been identified until recently. In this review, we dissect plant sex evolution and determining systems, with a focus on crop species. We introduced classic studies with theoretical, genetic, and cytogenic approaches, as well as more recent research using advanced molecular and genomic techniques. Plants have undergone very frequent transitions into, and out of, dioecy. Although only a few sex determinants have been identified in plants, an integrative viewpoint on their evolutionary trends suggests that recurrent neofunctionalization events are potentially common, in a “scrap and (re)build” cycle. We also discuss the potential association between crop domestication and transitions in sexual systems. We focus on the contribution of duplication events, which are particularly frequent in plant taxa, as a trigger for the creation of new sexual systems.

著者

Keisuke Nagai Motoyuki Ashikari

出版者

Japanese Society of Breeding

雑誌

Breeding Science (ISSN:13447610)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.73, no.2, pp.108-116, 2023 (Released:2023-06-06)

参考文献数

26

被引用文献数

5

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Rice plants that form ventilated tissues, such as aerenchyma in the leaves, stems, and roots, allow for growth in waterlogged conditions (paddy fields), but they cannot breathe and drown in flooded environments where the whole plant body is submerged. However, deepwater rice plants grown in flood-prone areas of Southeast Asia survive in prolonged flooded environments by taking in air through an elongated stem (internode) and leaves that emerge above the water surface, even if the water level is several meters high and flooding continues for several months. Although it has been known that plant hormones, such as ethylene and gibberellins, promote internode elongation in deepwater rice plants, the genes that control rapid internode elongation during submergence have not been identified. We recently identified several genes responsible for the quantitative trait loci involved in internode elongation in deepwater rice. Identification of the the genes revealed a molecular gene network from ethylene to gibberellins in which internode elongation is promoted by novel ethylene-responsive factors and enhances gibberellin responsiveness at the internode. In addition, elucidation of the molecular mechanism of internode elongation in deepwater rice will help our understanding of the internode elongation mechanism in normal paddy rice and contribute to improving crops through the regulation of internode elongation.

著者

Yu Takahashi Hiroo Nasu Seiji Nakayama Norihiko Tomooka

出版者

Japanese Society of Breeding

雑誌

Breeding Science (ISSN:13447610)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.73, no.2, pp.117-131, 2023 (Released:2023-06-06)

参考文献数

132

被引用文献数

3

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Domestication of azuki bean and soybean has enabled them to acquire non-dormant seeds, non-shattering pods, and larger seed size. Seed remains of the Jomon period recently discovered at archeological sites in the Central Highlands of Japan (6,000–4,000 BP) suggest that the use of azuki bean and soybean and their increase in seed size began earlier in Japan than in China and Korea; molecular phylogenetic studies indicate that azuki bean and soybean originated in Japan. Recent identification of domestication genes indicate that the domestication traits of azuki bean and soybean were established by different mechanisms. Analyses of domestication related genes using DNA extracted from the seed remains would reveal further details about their domestication processes.

著者

Masaya Yamamoto Tomoko Ishii Marina Ogura Takashi Akanuma Xing-Yu Zhu Hiroyasu Kitashiba

出版者

Japanese Society of Breeding

雑誌

Breeding Science (ISSN:13447610)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.73, no.2, pp.132-145, 2023 (Released:2023-06-06)

参考文献数

97

被引用文献数

1

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Self-incompatibility is the system that inhibits pollen germination and pollen tube growth by self-pollen. This trait is important for the breeding of Brassica and Raphanus species. In these species, self-incompatibility is governed by the S locus, which contains three linked genes (a set called the S haplotype), i.e., S-locus receptor kinase, S-locus cysteine-rich protein/S-locus protein 11, and S-locus glycoprotein. A large number of S haplotypes have been identified in Brassica oleracea, B. rapa, and Raphanus sativus to date, and the nucleotide sequences of their many alleles have also been registered. In this state, it is important to avoid confusion between S haplotypes, i.e., an identical S haplotype with different names and a different S haplotype with an identical S haplotype number. To mitigate this issue, we herein constructed a list of S haplotypes that are easily accessible to the latest nucleotide sequences of S-haplotype genes, together with revisions to and an update of S haplotype information. Furthermore, the histories of the S-haplotype collection in the three species are reviewed, the importance of the collection of S haplotypes as a genetic resource is discussed, and the management of information on S haplotypes is proposed.

著者

Maneechat Nikornpun Kridsada Sukwiwat Kittisak Wongsing Jutamas Kumchai

出版者

Japanese Society of Breeding

雑誌

Breeding Science (ISSN:13447610)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.73, no.2, pp.158-167, 2023 (Released:2023-06-06)

参考文献数

48

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Selfing and crossing methods were used to develop the cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) lines from 2 elite F1 hybrids of CMS hot chilies. The pungency of the CMS lines was improved by backcrossing with the B cultivar. The first and second backcrossed progenies of the CMS lines showed significantly higher capsaicin contents than the F1 hybrids. One good female line K16 × BBC2 (K16), was selected and backcrossed with 3 good maintainer cultivars, C5, C9 and C0. Some incomplete male sterility of pollens was demonstrated in the F1 hybrids and the 1st backcrossed progenies while the partial sterility disappeared by the stage of the second and third generations of backcrossing. When K16 and P32 were crossed with restorers, fruit yields and yield components of certain F1 hybrids, parental lines and commercial varieties were significantly different. Heterosis of yield and yield components of the F1 hybrid chilies was significant. When K16 was used as a female parent, positive and significant heterosis of the F1 hybrids was the same as P32. Moreover, significant GCA of the restorer lines, C7, C8 and C9, was observed in some horticultural characteristics. Furthermore, significant differences of the specific combining ability of some characteristics were observed in a few F1 hybrids.

著者

Lijiao Fan Dongshan Wei Xingwang Yu Fengqiang Yu Jiameng Wang Guirong Sun Alatengsuhe Li Zhang Guosheng Zhang Haifeng Yang

出版者

Japanese Society of Breeding

雑誌

Breeding Science (ISSN:13447610)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.73, no.2, pp.180-192, 2023 (Released:2023-06-06)

参考文献数

62

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To identify the function of the SpsNAC042 gene and its response to salt and drought stress, the SpsNAC042 gene was transformed into Populus hopeiensis by the Agrobacterium-mediated leaf disc method, and the phenotypic, physiological changes and related genes expression of transgenic lines were analyzed. The results showed that the number and length of roots of transgenic lines increased significantly. The leaves of transgenic lines curled inward. Under salt and simulated drought stress, the transgenic lines showed improved tolerance to salt and drought. The activities of SOD, POD, CAT and proline content in the transgenic lines were significantly increased, and the reduction rates of total chlorophyll and MDA content were significantly decreased, which indicated that the transgenic lines showed strong physiological responses under stress. Meanwhile, the gene expression of MPK6, SOS1, HKT1 and P5CS1 were significantly upregulated, and the gene expression of PRODH1 was significantly downregulated, which preliminarily verified the stress regulation mechanism that SpsNAC042 might activate. The above results showed that the SpsNAC042 gene could promote root development, make leaf morphology curl, and enhance P. hopeiensis tolerance to stress.