- 著者
-
土佐 昌樹
- 出版者
- 国士舘大学21世紀アジア学会
- 雑誌
- 21世紀アジア学研究 = Bulletin of Asian Studies (ISSN:21863709)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.20, pp.25-51, 2022-03-15
This article explores a theoretical possibility of the “shaman manqué” by examining specific ethnographic examples. First, my field experience in South Korea over thirty years ago, which inspired me to coin this phrase, will be described. Even in societies with shamanistic tradition, it is commonplace to find persons who suffer from supernatural sickness but never reach a level to become shamans. The social significance of the “shaman manqué” is no less remarkable than the“authentic” shaman, but such perspective has been academically neglected. One of the reasons comes from the semantic overload of shaman and shamanism. Second, M. Eliadeʼs Shamanism will be critically re-examined, because this book contributed greatly to forming a transcendental significance of the shaman. Third, Shirokogoroffʼs Psychomental Complex of the Tungus, which gave ethnographic evidence to Eliadeʼs archetypal model, will be re-examined to retrieve the richness of reality that suggests an alternative interpretation. Forth, the case of South Korea will be re-presented to generalize the interpretation of the “shaman manqué.” In conclusion, it is suggested that modernity has not extinguished shamanism, but rather it contributed to flourishing of shamans manqué. If this hypothesis is right, it demands a new model of human mind based on hybrid subjectivity in contrast to total displacement of subjectivity enacted by the shaman.