著者
間嶋 隆一
出版者
日本古生物学会
雑誌
化石 (ISSN:00229202)
巻号頁・発行日
no.45, pp.1-7, 1988-12-15

(1) Glossaulax hyugensisは後期中新世ないし前期鮮新世にG. didymaから進化した.この種分化の際, G. hyugensisの個々の個体に生じた個体発生上の異なりが遺伝的に固定された.(2)後期鮮新世にGlossaulax hagenoshitensisはG. hyugensisからperamorphosisにより, またG. nodaiはG. hyugensisからpaedomorphosisにより進化した.これらの進化はheterochronyの特殊な様式によって説明される.3種は前期更新世までにいずれも絶滅した.
著者
藤山 佳人 実吉 玄貴 河原 康浩
出版者
日本古生物学会
雑誌
化石 (ISSN:00229202)
巻号頁・発行日
no.90, pp.17-24, 2011-09-30
著者
鈴木 雄太郎
出版者
日本古生物学会
雑誌
化石 (ISSN:00229202)
巻号頁・発行日
no.72, pp.21-38, 2002-09-20

This paper reviews researches on trilobites and history of trilobite diversity under the Paleozoic environment. First, the studies on exoskeletal morphology, its chemical compositions and internal organs are reviewed. Second, a systematic outline of classification on the Trilobita and its bearing taxonomic problems such as these of agnostids and naraoids are discussed based on previous studies focused into the aspect of functional morphology. The life history of trilobites are divided into three major periods of the initial (early Cambrian), radiative (Cambrian to Ordovician) and declining stages (Silulian to Permian), respectively. Dominated carbonate ramp-settings under the condition of sea-level fluctuation are favored to be one of the most important factors that influenced the history of the morphological and the taxonomic diversity in the initial stage. Increased morphological diversity occurred in the radiative stage, corresponding to the period of widely expanded carbonate depositional settings, especially of reefal facies. In case of the declined stage, sea-level lowering during the mid Silurian to the earliest Devonian and the late Devonian extinction event is favored as the main factors to explain the trend of the declined and low morphological diversity. An additional factor to this may be the switch of the aragonite/calcite sea water which happened in the middle Carboniferous.
著者
近藤 康生
出版者
日本古生物学会
雑誌
化石 (ISSN:00229202)
巻号頁・発行日
no.64, pp.54-60, 1998-07-20
被引用文献数
1

Transgressive-regressive cycles, or depositional sequences can serve as fundamental units for taphonomic, paleoecololgical and evolutionary analyses of fossil assemblages. For benthic animals, formation of a depositional sequence means temporal changes of substrate condition, that is, erosion, condensation and rapid deposition. These are critical environmental attributes controlling colonization by benthos. Characteristics of the fossil assemblage are closely related to the stratigraphic and geographic position within the depositional sequence. This means that characteristics and patterns of change in composition of the assemblage, as well as taphonomic processes are predictable from the stratigraphic position within a depositional sequence.
著者
久住 勉 小澤 智生 遠藤 一佳
出版者
日本古生物学会
雑誌
化石 (ISSN:00229202)
巻号頁・発行日
no.57, pp.37-44, 1994-11-30

The inarticulate brachiopod Lingula has been regarded as a typical "living fossil" because of its extreme morphologic conservation signified by its longest geological history among known living animal genera. To make clear the mechanisms of the evolutionary conservatism, an investigation of genetic structures of two Japanese populations of Lingula anatina (Ariake Bay population in Kyushu, southern Japan and Mutsu Bay population in northeastern Japan) has been conducted, along with morphometric investigations of the shells. An electrophoretic survey of enzyme variations demonstrated that both populations of Lingula anatina retained a high level of genetic variability comparable with that of other marine animals. In contrast, the genetic distance between the two populations from localities up to 1500km apart is within the value that characterize conspecific populations. The genetic distances between the Japanese populations and the Queensland populations in Australia studied by Hammond and Poiner (1983) are also within the values usually recorded among the populations of a species. The strategy employed by Lingula to prolong pelagic larval existence may play an important role in maintaining a homogeneous population over this long geographic range. The panmixia among the populations of Lingula anatina sustained by the special dispersal mechanism may be one of the genetic mechanisms that keeps the species stable for a long time.
著者
小松 俊文 四宮 義昭 石田 啓祐
出版者
日本古生物学会
雑誌
化石 (ISSN:00229202)
巻号頁・発行日
no.73, pp.61-63, 2003-03-20
被引用文献数
1

2時間ちょっと.四国がこんなに近いことが信じられなかった.京都で10時のバスに乗り, 淡路島を経由して鳴門に着いたのが12時半.確かに時刻表どおり.しかし, 本当に2時間そこそこで着いてしまうとは….以前, 徳島を訪ねた時は, JRで瀬戸大橋を渡り, 初日は移動日で翌日からが化石採集.徳島の化石産地を訪ねるのは, それなりの準備と覚悟が必要だった.ところが, 今では京都・大阪在住の化石愛好家にとって, 車さえあれば十分日帰りの地域になっている.徳島県には白亜系の地層が広く分布する.勝浦盆地周辺にはアンモナイトや二枚貝, 植物化石などを豊富に産出する主に白亜系下部の堆積物が広がり(沼野・中野, 1964;Nakai and Matsumoto, 1968;小川, 1971;前田他, 1987;松川・江藤, 1987;石田・橋本, 1991;石田ほか, 1992), 瀬戸内周辺には, 白亜系上部の和泉層群が露出する.また, 古生代や中生代三畳紀, ジュラ紀の化石を含む地層もあり, 化石の種類や産出量は申し分ない.多くの化石愛好家が育つのはあたり前の環境である.今回, 著者の一人である小松は勝浦盆地の傍示(ぼうじ)層・藤川層の化石産地を案内してもらう目的で, 徳島化石同好会の方々にお会いした.なお, この記事はその時の体験にもとづいて記されている.
著者
北村 晃寿
出版者
日本古生物学会
雑誌
化石 (ISSN:00229202)
巻号頁・発行日
no.63, pp.40-48, 1997-12-20
被引用文献数
1

The middle part of the early Pleistocene Omma Formation (1.5-1.0Ma) is composed of eleven depositional sequences caused by glacio-eustatic sea-level changes associated with Milankovitch cycles (41, 000-year orbital obliquity). Each depositional sequence contains inner shelf sediments of transgressive and high-stand systems tracts. Within each depositional sequence the molluscan fauna changes from cold-water associations to warm-water associations, followed again by cold-water associations. On the basis of detailed stratigraphic distributions of molluscs and planktonic foraminifers, the following events can be recognized during the warming interval from a glacial stage to an interglacial stage : 1. initiation of inflow of the warm Tsushima Current into the Japan Sea, 2. local extinction of cold-water molluscs, 3. absence of both cold-and warm-water molluscs, 4. successful migration of warm-water molluscs. The absence of both elements may have been caused by high seasonal fluctuations of water temperature associated with the unstable inflow of the Tsushima Current.
著者
三本 健二
出版者
日本古生物学会
雑誌
化石 (ISSN:00229202)
巻号頁・発行日
no.51, pp.15-23, 1991-11-30
被引用文献数
1

以上示したように, これは四国からの化石蔓脚類の最初の報告である.それらは17種で, 1種のエボシガイ亜目のほかはフジツボ亜目である.また, 化石として日本で最初の報告となるもの, これまでに知られた更新統の地理的分布をさらに南に拡げるものを含んでいる.
著者
阿部 勝巳
出版者
日本古生物学会
雑誌
化石 (ISSN:00229202)
巻号頁・発行日
no.52, pp.26-27, 1992-06-30