著者

加賀爪 優

出版者

北海道農業経済学会

雑誌

北海道農業経済研究 (ISSN:09189742)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.14, no.2, pp.1-17, 2009-02-27

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Historically, Australia had been substantially supported by the British Commonwealth's preferential treaties. However, after the UK joined the EC, the Australian economy stagnated for a long period. This situation was remedied by import demand expansion due to Japan's rapid industrialization in the 1970s. After a long term recession, Australia has been enjoying an economic boom since the Sydney Olympics in 2000, recently even more so due to the booming import demand from China. Australia has shown an exceptional pattern against the law of Colin Clark, i.e. the service sector has expanded greatly without the maturing process of the manufacturing sector from the early stage dominance of the primary sector. Australian agricultural policy has been based on intervention for market stabilization but not support. Marketing boards have played substantial roles for these agricultural measures. As for agricultural free trade negotiations, Australia has shown strong leadership in promoting global liberalization under the GATT Uruguay round with the USA by forming the Cairns group. However, WTO negotiations have not been agreed upon since 1999, and instead, FTAs have sharply increased. Under these circumstances, Australia has gradually changed its stance towards regional liberalization by FTAs from global liberalization by the WTO. Among current FTA negotiations in Australia, an FTA with China is the most significant. Australia has been indecisive and left behind by the world movement on FTAs, GMO and Bio fuel projects. These situations are partially caused by unfriendly relations between the federal government and the state governments, and also friction among the state governments. As for future prospects, important factors are the possibility of renewal of the single desk function of AWB, impacts of the climate situation such as droughts and floods, and environmental resource issues such as soil erosion, salinity and water degradation, etc. Also, policy attitudes on FTA, Bio fuel project, GMO and APEC have substantial implications.

著者

山本 康貴 桟敷 孝浩 澤内 大輔 増田 清敬 所 説夫 岩本 博幸

出版者

北海道農業経済学会

雑誌

北海道農業経済研究 (ISSN:09189742)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.14, no.2, pp.77-83, 2009-02-27

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We analyzed factors that affect Japanese consumers' willingness to pay (WTP) price premiums for locally produced agricultural products (LPAP) and estimated the mean WTP for LPAP using data obtained from a consumer survey conducted at a supermarket with 'shop in shop'. The results showed that consumers are willing to pay a price premium on average just under 10 percent for LPAP.

著者

澤内 大輔 小澤 壮介 山本 康貴

出版者

北海道農業経済学会

雑誌

北海道農業経済研究 (ISSN:09189742)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.14, no.1, pp.49-54, 2007-09-28

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The purpose of this study is to test the hypothesis that the area of production is a more significant factor influencing rice prices in Japan than the variety and taste of rice. We estimated a hedonic price function relating rice prices and the three factors influencing them. The results support our hypothesis that the area of production has the most significant influence among the three factors.

著者

淡路 和則

出版者

北海道農業経済学会

雑誌

北海道農業経済研究 (ISSN:09189742)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.3, no.2, pp.75-81, 1994-04-30

著者

入江 千晴

出版者

北海道農業経済学会

雑誌

北海道農業経済研究 (ISSN:09189742)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.12, no.2, pp.3-8, 2005-12-25

著者

大江 靖雄 佐々木 東一 金岡 正樹

出版者

北海道農業経済学会

雑誌

北海道農業経済研究 (ISSN:09189742)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.3, no.1, pp.68-80, 1993-10-01

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This study provides an economic analysis about risk aversion behavior, focusing on farmers' selection of varieties of wheat in upland farming areas in Tokachi, Hokkaido and clarified managerial factors that are considered to determine the aversion behavior. The main points mentioned in this paper are as follows; 1. The wheat acreage increased three times in recent two decades in Hokkaido. In every time, changes in variety are one of the major contributed factors. 2. Takune, a variety of wheat preferred by farmers in Tokachi, is preferred as a crop which enables farmers to take risk aversion behavior so that the higher the risk, the larger the ratio of Takune. Thus we can regard Takune as a crop which shows the degree of risk aversion. 3. In a logit regression analysis applied for Takune selection, the results show that it is correlated positively with farm size and negatively with age of the farmer. That means the larger the farm size and the younger the age, the more farms select Takune. Labor and productivity also have a positive correlation with Takune selection although farms without a successor and variance of yield of kidney beans show a negative sign. The results show that in general farmers who have better managerial condition tend to be risk averse. Consequently, it is reasonable to say that further increases in farm size would raise necessity of the risk spreading function in the upland farming management. This role of risk spreading function played by Takune would be one of the important managerial conditions for stable evolution of farm management in the future.

著者

加賀爪 優

出版者

北海道農業経済学会

雑誌

北海道農業経済研究 (ISSN:09189742)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.14, no.2, pp.1-17, 2009-02-27

参考文献数

9

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Historically, Australia had been substantially supported by the British Commonwealth's preferential treaties. However, after the UK joined the EC, the Australian economy stagnated for a long period. This situation was remedied by import demand expansion due to Japan's rapid industrialization in the 1970s. After a long term recession, Australia has been enjoying an economic boom since the Sydney Olympics in 2000, recently even more so due to the booming import demand from China. Australia has shown an exceptional pattern against the law of Colin Clark, i.e. the service sector has expanded greatly without the maturing process of the manufacturing sector from the early stage dominance of the primary sector. Australian agricultural policy has been based on intervention for market stabilization but not support. Marketing boards have played substantial roles for these agricultural measures. As for agricultural free trade negotiations, Australia has shown strong leadership in promoting global liberalization under the GATT Uruguay round with the USA by forming the Cairns group. However, WTO negotiations have not been agreed upon since 1999, and instead, FTAs have sharply increased. Under these circumstances, Australia has gradually changed its stance towards regional liberalization by FTAs from global liberalization by the WTO. Among current FTA negotiations in Australia, an FTA with China is the most significant. Australia has been indecisive and left behind by the world movement on FTAs, GMO and Bio fuel projects. These situations are partially caused by unfriendly relations between the federal government and the state governments, and also friction among the state governments. As for future prospects, important factors are the possibility of renewal of the single desk function of AWB, impacts of the climate situation such as droughts and floods, and environmental resource issues such as soil erosion, salinity and water degradation, etc. Also, policy attitudes on FTA, Bio fuel project, GMO and APEC have substantial implications.

著者

トンプソン ワイアット 鈴木 充夫

出版者

北海道農業経済学会

雑誌

北海道農業経済研究 (ISSN:09189742)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.8, no.1, pp.21-40, 1999-09-01

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近年のわが国畜産物市場を取り巻く環境は、1980年代半ばからの牛肉価格の下落、1987年以降の飲用乳値の下落等大きく変化してきている。加えて、ガット・ウルグアイランド農業合意は、これらの変化を加速するものと予想される。本稿では、これらの環境変化がわが国畜産物市場に与える影響を分析するための計量経済モデルを開発することを目的としている。このモデルは、トンプソンの開発した畜産・食肉モデルと鈴木が開発した生乳・乳製品モデルをリンクしたものであり、(1)牛肉(和牛、乳用牛)、豚肉、鶏肉及び生乳・乳製品(バター、脱脂粉乳、チーズ)を包括的に含んでいること、(2)生乳・乳製品モデルで、北海道、また、バターと脱脂粉乳の技術的関係を明示的に取り入れた点が従来のこの種のモデルとは異なる。開発したモデルをもとに、牛肉の国際価格、飼料価格、及び所得変化がわが国畜産物市場に与える影響方向を検討した。その結果は以下のとおりである。1.牛肉の国際価格(CIF)が下落すれば、牛肉輸入量の増加をもたらすとともに他の食肉価格の下落を引き起こす。その影響は、乳用牛肉において大きい。これに対し、生乳・乳製品市場へ及ぼす影響は小さい。2.飼料価格の下落は、国内生乳生産を刺激的し飲用向供給量を増加させ、飲用乳価、農家平均生乳価格を引き下げる。北海道から都府県への飲用向供給量が大幅に増加することにより、飲用乳価の下落幅は北海道において大きい。国内の食肉消費量は、ほとんど変化しないが、豚肉、鶏肉生産はわずかに増加する。3.所得の増加は、食肉需要(とりわけ、牛肉需要)と食肉輸入量を増加させるとともに飲用乳価、農家平均生乳価格の上昇を引き起こし、搾乳牛頭数を増加させる。この結果、乳用雌牛と殺頭数が増加し、乳用牛肉価格が下落する。また、所得の増加は、乳製品生産量を刺激する。その影響はチーズにおいて大きい。