著者

高畑 裕樹

出版者

北海道農業経済学会

雑誌

フロンティア農業経済研究 (ISSN:21851220)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.22, no.2, pp.22-24, 2020-03-31

著者

加賀爪 優

出版者

北海道農業経済学会

雑誌

北海道農業経済研究 (ISSN:09189742)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.14, no.2, pp.1-17, 2009-02-27

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Historically, Australia had been substantially supported by the British Commonwealth's preferential treaties. However, after the UK joined the EC, the Australian economy stagnated for a long period. This situation was remedied by import demand expansion due to Japan's rapid industrialization in the 1970s. After a long term recession, Australia has been enjoying an economic boom since the Sydney Olympics in 2000, recently even more so due to the booming import demand from China. Australia has shown an exceptional pattern against the law of Colin Clark, i.e. the service sector has expanded greatly without the maturing process of the manufacturing sector from the early stage dominance of the primary sector. Australian agricultural policy has been based on intervention for market stabilization but not support. Marketing boards have played substantial roles for these agricultural measures. As for agricultural free trade negotiations, Australia has shown strong leadership in promoting global liberalization under the GATT Uruguay round with the USA by forming the Cairns group. However, WTO negotiations have not been agreed upon since 1999, and instead, FTAs have sharply increased. Under these circumstances, Australia has gradually changed its stance towards regional liberalization by FTAs from global liberalization by the WTO. Among current FTA negotiations in Australia, an FTA with China is the most significant. Australia has been indecisive and left behind by the world movement on FTAs, GMO and Bio fuel projects. These situations are partially caused by unfriendly relations between the federal government and the state governments, and also friction among the state governments. As for future prospects, important factors are the possibility of renewal of the single desk function of AWB, impacts of the climate situation such as droughts and floods, and environmental resource issues such as soil erosion, salinity and water degradation, etc. Also, policy attitudes on FTA, Bio fuel project, GMO and APEC have substantial implications.

著者

土井 時久

出版者

北海道農業経済学会

雑誌

フロンティア農業経済研究 (ISSN:21851220)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.15, no.2, pp.69-72, 2010-12-27

著者

山本 康貴 桟敷 孝浩 澤内 大輔 増田 清敬 所 説夫 岩本 博幸

出版者

北海道農業経済学会

雑誌

北海道農業経済研究 (ISSN:09189742)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.14, no.2, pp.77-83, 2009-02-27

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We analyzed factors that affect Japanese consumers' willingness to pay (WTP) price premiums for locally produced agricultural products (LPAP) and estimated the mean WTP for LPAP using data obtained from a consumer survey conducted at a supermarket with 'shop in shop'. The results showed that consumers are willing to pay a price premium on average just under 10 percent for LPAP.

著者

耕野 拓一

出版者

北海道農業経済学会

雑誌

フロンティア農業経済研究 (ISSN:21851220)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.20, no.1, pp.33-44, 2017-02-28

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Halal certification is a system used to certify items relating to food、 finance、 medical treatments、 and cosmetics、 among others. It indicates that these items have been prepared in conformance with Islamic percept and are permitted for Muslim consumption. In Japan、 a focus has been placed on expanding sales channels within the country by acquiring Halal certification for its exports、 primarily in relation to foods、 and the possibilities for exporting Japan’s food and farm produce to Islamic nations. As part of the grass roots technical co-operation project “Southeast Asian Food Industry Human Resources Development Project” conducted by the Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) in May 2014、the Obihiro Chamber of Commerce and Industry conducted a human resources exchange project for members of small- to medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) related to the food industry. This project focused on Malaysia where、 even as an ASEAN nation、 the Halal certification system is in widespread use. Based on a survey of actual conditions in Malaysia、 Indonesia、 and within Japan that was carried out during the grass roots technical co-operation project、 this paper considers the problems involved in achieving Halal certification in the agriculture and food industries in Japan、 and the possibility of improving the added-value of Hokkaido farm produce by exporting this produce to Islamic countries in Southeast Asia. The majority of the farm produce exported from Hokkaido is marine based、 such as scallops and sea cucumbers、 while there are few exports of livestock produce such as beef. There are many beef producers who are interested in acquiring Halal certification for their product、 but there are no Halal-compliant slaughterhouse facilities in Hokkaido. As additional transport expenses are required to transport cattle to Halal-compliant slaughterhouses outside of Hokkaido、 Halal-compliant Hokkaido beef sold in stores domestically and overseas will likely be quite expensive. Many problems remain in facilitating the Halal compliance of Hokkaido beef、 such as methods of support related to these additional transportation expenses、 and methods of transportation that involve a mixed cargo of Halal-compliant items.

著者

耕野 拓一

出版者

北海道農業経済学会

雑誌

フロンティア農業経済研究 (ISSN:21851220)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.20, no.1, pp.33-44, 2017-02

著者

ソイルカム バトゥール 志賀 永一 吉仲 怜

出版者

北海道農業経済学会

雑誌

フロンティア農業経済研究 (ISSN:21851220)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.15, no.1, pp.74-83, 2010-02-28

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Pastoral livestock husbandry in Mongolia have suffered from three consecutive years of Dzud, since 1999. The paper examines the Dzud recovery condition among nomads and clarifies the process of recovery. Based on interviews with nomads from a Dzud affected area, the research revealed the change of the livestock composition, the changes of the economic value of livestock, and the tendency of moving to settlement areas among young members of herder families and an increase of education expenses. These changes show that in the Dzud recovery period. nomads begun to consider changes in their livelihood rather than just seeking to increase the number of livestock.

著者

澤内 大輔 小澤 壮介 山本 康貴

出版者

北海道農業経済学会

雑誌

北海道農業経済研究 (ISSN:09189742)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.14, no.1, pp.49-54, 2007-09-28

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The purpose of this study is to test the hypothesis that the area of production is a more significant factor influencing rice prices in Japan than the variety and taste of rice. We estimated a hedonic price function relating rice prices and the three factors influencing them. The results support our hypothesis that the area of production has the most significant influence among the three factors.

著者

Sasaki Ichio

出版者

北海道農業経済学会

雑誌

フロンティア農業経済研究 (ISSN:21851220)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.15, no.2, pp.63-68, 2010-12-27

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本研究は、日本における新たな社会的下支えプログラムとしての「グリーンケア農業」の実践とその成果について論及したものである。ここでグリーンケア農業とは、農業者が農場資源を活用して心身に病みをもつ人びとに対して健康増進と社会復帰を助長する社会活動と定義される。全国の有機栽培農園におけるグリーンケア農業への応答及びその成果に関する分析結果、次の3点が明らかになった。すなわち、(1)有機栽培農園の67%がグリーンケア農業に関心をもち、19%は既に実践していた。(2)グリーンケアの成果として、農業者と彼らの来訪者の間の共感関係が生れていた。(3)来訪者に対する事前面談とその共感関係には関連性がある。日本のグリーンケア農業の展開に関して、理由は二つ示すことができよう。第一に、失業者、引きこもりなどの社会問題は、政府予算にのみ頼る従来型の社会福祉システムでは対処できなくなってきたことである。第2にこれが最も重要な理由であるが、自己の私的目的を失わず社会問題解決に貢献する「多元的な相関選好構造」をもつ新農業者が出現していることである。

著者

清水池 義治

出版者

北海道農業経済学会

雑誌

フロンティア農業経済研究 (ISSN:21851220)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.21, no.2, pp.11-25, 2019-03-31

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This paper aims to test the effects of countermeasures implemented by the government to deal with recent butter shortages by making supply and demand adjustments. Since 2007, the food market in Japan has frequently faced an insufficient supply of butter, mainly because of a decrease in raw milk production. The government has devised two countermeasures in parallel, namely, butter imports through the National Import Control System (NICS) and Provisional Measures (PM) to support the additional production of milk products. The NICS has added an enormous volume of imported frozen bulk butter to the domestic market. The authorities concerned, however, have not been completely able to overcome butter shortages, especially as regards the refrigerated kind used for cooking, which accounts for approximately 60% of total butter consumption. The reason is considered to be imperfect product substitutability between frozen bulk butter and the refrigerated kind, due to smal-scale consumption and low profitability when subdivided packaging of bulk butter is involved. On the other hand, PM has promoted increased production of butter in spring and early summer through a switch in uses for raw milk, contributing to an elevated supply of refrigerated butter. These analyses have led us to the conclusion that effective supply and demand adjustments have substantially depended on not only imports by NICS but also vertical coordination in the uses for raw milk between agricultural cooperatives and milk processors in the private sector. It is important to recognize that such coordination does not work well without government interventionin the form of PM. The succeses of countermeasures for butter shortages are deemed to reflect the complementary relationship between the government and coperatives.

著者

淡路 和則

出版者

北海道農業経済学会

雑誌

北海道農業経済研究 (ISSN:09189742)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.3, no.2, pp.75-81, 1994-04-30

著者

入江 千晴

出版者

北海道農業経済学会

雑誌

北海道農業経済研究 (ISSN:09189742)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.12, no.2, pp.3-8, 2005-12-25

著者

大江 靖雄 佐々木 東一 金岡 正樹

出版者

北海道農業経済学会

雑誌

北海道農業経済研究 (ISSN:09189742)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.3, no.1, pp.68-80, 1993-10-01

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This study provides an economic analysis about risk aversion behavior, focusing on farmers' selection of varieties of wheat in upland farming areas in Tokachi, Hokkaido and clarified managerial factors that are considered to determine the aversion behavior. The main points mentioned in this paper are as follows; 1. The wheat acreage increased three times in recent two decades in Hokkaido. In every time, changes in variety are one of the major contributed factors. 2. Takune, a variety of wheat preferred by farmers in Tokachi, is preferred as a crop which enables farmers to take risk aversion behavior so that the higher the risk, the larger the ratio of Takune. Thus we can regard Takune as a crop which shows the degree of risk aversion. 3. In a logit regression analysis applied for Takune selection, the results show that it is correlated positively with farm size and negatively with age of the farmer. That means the larger the farm size and the younger the age, the more farms select Takune. Labor and productivity also have a positive correlation with Takune selection although farms without a successor and variance of yield of kidney beans show a negative sign. The results show that in general farmers who have better managerial condition tend to be risk averse. Consequently, it is reasonable to say that further increases in farm size would raise necessity of the risk spreading function in the upland farming management. This role of risk spreading function played by Takune would be one of the important managerial conditions for stable evolution of farm management in the future.

著者

吉田 裕介 白井 康裕

出版者

北海道農業経済学会

雑誌

フロンティア農業経済研究 (ISSN:21851220)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.20, no.2, pp.117-123, 2018-03-31

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The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate disparity factors in income by examining the influence of farm size and farm efficiency on farming income. The following were the four main findings; 1) The influence of farm size and farm efficiency on income showed annual fluctuations. 2) For some cases of large-scale upland farming operations there were large fluctuations in incomes because of fluctuations in farm efficiency, resulting in small average annual incomes. 3) The statistical relationship between revenue and income per unit area was very low, while there was a clear relationship between expenses and incomes per unit area for large-scale upland farming operations. 4) In large-scale upland farming operations where there were decreases in income, financial outlays were still necessary to maintain revenue. As above, large-scale upland farming suffering from lowered incomes showed low efficiency because of increases in expenses to ensure maintenance of revenue per unit area and avoiding overcropping of wheat. These farming enterprises caused some of the problems detailed in literature reviews, and other problems they encounter are to maintain farm efficiency by considering the balance between revenue and expenses.

著者

加賀爪 優

出版者

北海道農業経済学会

雑誌

北海道農業経済研究 (ISSN:09189742)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.14, no.2, pp.1-17, 2009-02-27

参考文献数

9

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Historically, Australia had been substantially supported by the British Commonwealth's preferential treaties. However, after the UK joined the EC, the Australian economy stagnated for a long period. This situation was remedied by import demand expansion due to Japan's rapid industrialization in the 1970s. After a long term recession, Australia has been enjoying an economic boom since the Sydney Olympics in 2000, recently even more so due to the booming import demand from China. Australia has shown an exceptional pattern against the law of Colin Clark, i.e. the service sector has expanded greatly without the maturing process of the manufacturing sector from the early stage dominance of the primary sector. Australian agricultural policy has been based on intervention for market stabilization but not support. Marketing boards have played substantial roles for these agricultural measures. As for agricultural free trade negotiations, Australia has shown strong leadership in promoting global liberalization under the GATT Uruguay round with the USA by forming the Cairns group. However, WTO negotiations have not been agreed upon since 1999, and instead, FTAs have sharply increased. Under these circumstances, Australia has gradually changed its stance towards regional liberalization by FTAs from global liberalization by the WTO. Among current FTA negotiations in Australia, an FTA with China is the most significant. Australia has been indecisive and left behind by the world movement on FTAs, GMO and Bio fuel projects. These situations are partially caused by unfriendly relations between the federal government and the state governments, and also friction among the state governments. As for future prospects, important factors are the possibility of renewal of the single desk function of AWB, impacts of the climate situation such as droughts and floods, and environmental resource issues such as soil erosion, salinity and water degradation, etc. Also, policy attitudes on FTA, Bio fuel project, GMO and APEC have substantial implications.

著者

槇平 龍宏

出版者

北海道農業経済学会

雑誌

フロンティア農業経済研究 (ISSN:21851220)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.15, no.2, pp.19-32, 2010-12-27

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The substantial agricultural entry by the enterprises other than the agricultural production legal person had been done before nationwide development of the designated "structural reform district (Kozo-Kaikaku Tokubetsu Kuiki)" of 2005. It is divided into two routes of "Entry into the facilities type agriculture that doesn't use the farmland" and "Entry (The agricultural production legal person's establishment by support from the enterprise to the farmer institution etc. is included) by the contract cultivation method". The enterprise acquired directly of the farmland and was able to borrow neither by two routes. The introduction of the lease method from 2005 and the revision Agricultural Land Law enforcement in 2009 that succeeds it do not pass the agricultural production legal person's establishment in addition to two the above-mentioned routes and enable the farm management by the farmland borrowing. As a result, the technique of the agricultural entry by a general enterprise changed greatly. The construction industry and the food business are occupying many to the type of business of the enterprise that enters agriculture. And there is a regionality in the region where the enterprise enters agriculture, and the construction industry enters the region for which the regional economy depends on the investment in public works. A lot when industry related to food enters an active region of agriculture, such as Hokkaido and Tohoku, on the other hand. Food companies often enter agriculture for a stable securing of the ingredient and process materials used by itself, and execute the production method with sticking to of organic farming etc. In this text, the feature with a general not only the its company production of farm products but also connection of the farmer in the region to the production contract dealings of food companies to enter agriculture in addition for securing a stable product was extracted.

著者

トンプソン ワイアット 鈴木 充夫

出版者

北海道農業経済学会

雑誌

北海道農業経済研究 (ISSN:09189742)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.8, no.1, pp.21-40, 1999-09-01

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近年のわが国畜産物市場を取り巻く環境は、1980年代半ばからの牛肉価格の下落、1987年以降の飲用乳値の下落等大きく変化してきている。加えて、ガット・ウルグアイランド農業合意は、これらの変化を加速するものと予想される。本稿では、これらの環境変化がわが国畜産物市場に与える影響を分析するための計量経済モデルを開発することを目的としている。このモデルは、トンプソンの開発した畜産・食肉モデルと鈴木が開発した生乳・乳製品モデルをリンクしたものであり、(1)牛肉(和牛、乳用牛)、豚肉、鶏肉及び生乳・乳製品(バター、脱脂粉乳、チーズ)を包括的に含んでいること、(2)生乳・乳製品モデルで、北海道、また、バターと脱脂粉乳の技術的関係を明示的に取り入れた点が従来のこの種のモデルとは異なる。開発したモデルをもとに、牛肉の国際価格、飼料価格、及び所得変化がわが国畜産物市場に与える影響方向を検討した。その結果は以下のとおりである。1.牛肉の国際価格(CIF)が下落すれば、牛肉輸入量の増加をもたらすとともに他の食肉価格の下落を引き起こす。その影響は、乳用牛肉において大きい。これに対し、生乳・乳製品市場へ及ぼす影響は小さい。2.飼料価格の下落は、国内生乳生産を刺激的し飲用向供給量を増加させ、飲用乳価、農家平均生乳価格を引き下げる。北海道から都府県への飲用向供給量が大幅に増加することにより、飲用乳価の下落幅は北海道において大きい。国内の食肉消費量は、ほとんど変化しないが、豚肉、鶏肉生産はわずかに増加する。3.所得の増加は、食肉需要(とりわけ、牛肉需要)と食肉輸入量を増加させるとともに飲用乳価、農家平均生乳価格の上昇を引き起こし、搾乳牛頭数を増加させる。この結果、乳用雌牛と殺頭数が増加し、乳用牛肉価格が下落する。また、所得の増加は、乳製品生産量を刺激する。その影響はチーズにおいて大きい。

著者

笹木 潤

出版者

北海道農業経済学会

雑誌

フロンティア農業経済研究 (ISSN:21851220)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.18, no.2, pp.59-61, 2015-10