著者

Yasuhiro TAKASHIMA Isako ONODA Shin-Pin CHIOU Katsuya KITOH

出版者

公益社団法人 日本獣医学会

雑誌

Journal of Veterinary Medical Science (ISSN:09167250)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.16-0461, (Released:2016-12-30)

被引用文献数

2

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Platelet function hyper-activity has been reported in Dirofilaria immitis (heartworm, HW)-infected dogs. Although the mechanism of increased platelet hyper-activity has not yet been elucidated, it is suggested to be mediated by unknown factors, which may be related to adult HW components. This study aims to determine whether adult male HW whole body extract induces canine platelet aggregation in vitro. The results indicate that HW extract caused an aggregation of canine platelets in a concentration-dependent manner. This aggregation ability of the HW extract was not mediated by the adenosine diphosphate receptor. In addition, the mechanisms of aggregation did not require cyclooxygenase-dependent pathways, and the aggregating activity of substances contained in the HW extract was heat stable; therefore, the active substances may be different from collagen. Furthermore, the platelet aggregating activity remained within the molecular weight (MW)≥100,000 fraction obtained by ultrafiltrating the HW extract. In contrast, the MW<100,000 fraction also had a platelet aggregation ability, but the aggregation pattern was reversible and the maximum extent decreased, compared with the MW≥100,000 fraction response. Our experiments have been conducted using a whole body extract from adult HWs to determine with certainty the aggregating activity of HW elements on canine platelets. More studies are necessary to evaluate the effects of the metabolic products released from live adult worms in pulmonary arteries and the symbiont bacterium Wolbachia-derived antigens on canine platelet aggregation.

著者

Yuko KONISHI Hiroyuki SATOH Yasuyoshi KUROIWA Mizuki KUSAKA Atsushi YAMASHITA Yujiro ASADA Taketoshi ASANUMA

出版者

公益社団法人 日本獣医学会

雑誌

Journal of Veterinary Medical Science (ISSN:09167250)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.16-0504, (Released:2016-12-23)

被引用文献数

9

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Fiber tractography is a technique capable of depicting the three-dimensional structure and connectivity of nerve fibers using serial magnetic resonance diffusion tensor imaging (DTI). To establish fiber tractography and DTI methods in veterinary clinical medicine, we evaluated fiber tractography and DTI parameters: apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values and fractional anisotropy (FA) values, in various spinal cord diseases. Spinal cord DTI was examined in 28 dogs with spinal cord diseases. The ADC and FA values were measured at lesion sites and cranial normal sites on spinal cords, and both values of lesion sites were compared with normal sites. In thoracolumbar intervertebral disk herniation (IVDH) cases, depending on their neurologic grades, fiber tractography indicated rupture of fiber trajectories, loss of neuronal bundles and disorder of fiber directions. In these cases, the average ADC values at lesion sites significantly decreased compared with normal sites (P=0.016). In the progressive myelomalacia case, the average ADC and the FA values of hyperintense swollen regions in T2WI decreased compared to both values in other disease cases. Finally, in the meningioma case, the continuity of fiber trajectories improved after the administration of an anticancer agent. This study suggests that fiber tractography and DTI are useful in the diagnosis and prognosis of veterinary spinal cord diseases.

著者

Azusa INUI Kazuhito ITAMOTO Tetsuya TAKUMA Hideki TSUTSUMI Manabu TANIGAWA Mineo HAYASAKI Yasuho TAURA Koichi MAMBA

出版者

公益社団法人 日本獣医学会

雑誌

Journal of Veterinary Medical Science (ISSN:09167250)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.66, no.6, pp.599-609, 2004 (Released:2004-07-05)

参考文献数

43

被引用文献数

12 19

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Bone mineral density (BMD), distribution of its density and bone histomorphometric parameters were evaluated in lumbar vertebra of normally growing miniature pigs. The fourth lumbar vertebra (L4) of the Göttingen miniature pig were used in this cross-sectional study in vitro. The BMD of the miniature pig was similar to that of humans in tendency of gender differences and some growth patterns during puberty. In these regards this animal appears useful as a model for human bone study. However, the trabecular and cortical BMDs of lumbar spine were extremely high value (399.43 ± 26.36 mg/cm3 in female trabeculae; 973.06 ± 69.55 mg/cm3 in female cortical bone; 419.04 ± 34.84 mg/cm3 in male trabeculae; 1038.81 ± 125.72 mg/cm3 in male cortical bone in pigs 30 months or more). Furthermore, histomorphometric analysis yielded values that were remarkably different from those found in humans. From these results, it was revealed that miniature pig had a higher bone mass and denser trabecular network than human, indicating that its bone is probably stronger. Therefore, care should be taken in choosing the miniature pig as a bone study model.

著者

Fungwithaya PUNPICHAYA Brikshavana PASAKORN Chanchaithong PATTRARAT Prapasarakul NUVEE

出版者

公益社団法人 日本獣医学会

雑誌

Journal of Veterinary Medical Science (ISSN:09167250)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.16-0146, (Released:2016-12-17)

被引用文献数

9

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This study aimed to investigate the spread of methicillin-resistant coagulase-positive staphylococci (MRCoPS) among veterinary staff, hand-touch sites and surgical tissue during cystotomy operations on cats and dogs that were patients, and to analyze the genetic relatedness and antimicrobial resistance profiles of the isolates. Human and environmental samples were obtained from the nasal passageways of 12 surgeons and veterinary assistants and from 29 hand-touch sites of instruments in operative units and subjected to bacterial isolation and enumeration. Swab samples were collected in triplicate from 29 dogs and three cats at the site of incision, from the incision area, from the peritoneum during surgery and from the peritoneum before suture. MRCoPS were identified by mecA gene detection and characterized by their antibiogram profile, SCCmec type and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. Twenty-four staphylococci were isolated, derived from one veterinary assistant, 12 operating room floor areas and hand-touch sites, three dogs and one cat. Methicillin-resistant S. pseudintermedius (MRSP) was found on an electric clipper and rebreathing circuits in the operating room. Three dogs were positive for MRSP during surgery, and one methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) was detected in a cat. All MRCoPS were resistant to doxycycline, erythromycin, clindamycin and enrofloxacin, but no patients developed surgical site infections. According to their genotypic patterns, the clones obtained from the environment and human sources differed from the animal clones. Despite intensive hygienic management, a variety of MRCoPS clones were present within the surgical unit and during surgery.

著者

Shinya MIZUTANI Shidow TORISU Yasuyuki KANEKO Shushi YAMAMOTO Shinsuke FUJIMOTO Benedict Ong Huai ERN Kiyokazu NAGANOBU

出版者

公益社団法人 日本獣医学会

雑誌

Journal of Veterinary Medical Science (ISSN:09167250)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.16-0562, (Released:2016-12-17)

被引用文献数

20

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The pathophysiology of canine gallbladder diseases, including biliary sludge, gallbladder mucoceles, and gallstones, is poorly understood. This study aimed to evaluate the composition of gallbladder contents and bacterial infection of the gallbladder in order to elucidate the pathophysiology of biliary sludge and gallbladder mucoceles. A total of 43 samples of canine gallbladder contents (biliary sludge, 21 and gallbladder mucoceles, 22) were subjected to component analysis by infrared spectroscopy, and the resultant infrared spectra were compared with that of swine mucin. Of the 43 samples, 41 were also evaluated by aerobic and anaerobic bacterial culture. The contents of 20 (95.2%) biliary sludge and 22 (100%) gallbladder mucocele samples exhibited similar infrared spectra as swine mucin. Although biliary sludge and gallbladder mucocele contents exhibited similar infrared spectra, one sample of biliary sludge (4.8%) was determined to be composed of proteins. The rate of bacterial infection of the gallbladder was 10.0% for biliary sludge and 14.3% for gallbladder mucoceles. Almost all of the identified bacterial species were intestinal flora. These results indicate that the principal components of gallbladder contents in both gallbladder mucoceles and biliary sludge are mucins and that both pathophysiologies exhibit low rates of bacterial infection of the gallbladder. Therefore, it is possible that gallbladder mucoceles and biliary sludge have the same pathophysiology, and, rather than being independent diseases, they could possibly represent a continuous disease. Thus, biliary sludge could be considered as the stage preceding the appearance of gallbladder mucoceles.

著者

Seijirow GOYA Tomoki WADA Kazumi SHIMADA Daiki HIRAO Ryuji FUKUSHIMA Norio YAMAGISHI Miki SHIMIZU Ryou TANAKA

出版者

公益社団法人 日本獣医学会

雑誌

Journal of Veterinary Medical Science (ISSN:09167250)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.16-0323, (Released:2016-12-16)

被引用文献数

2

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The purpose of the present study is to investigate the effect of postural change on transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) views and parameters of interest anesthesia monitoring in healthy dogs. Twelve Beagle dogs were anesthetized and randomly positioned in one of four postures: right lateral-recumbency, left lateral-recumbency, supine position and prone position. After examinations in one posture, the same examination was demonstrated in another posture and repeated in all postures. In each posture, several standard TEE views were demonstrated: longitudinal cranial-esophageal aorta long-axis-view, transverse middle-esophageal mitral valve long-axis-view and transgastric middle short-axis-view. Additionally, echocardiographic parameters were attempted to measure, and direct blood pressure monitoring was performed in each view. As a result, oriented views, except for transgastric middle short-axis-view, could be obtained in all postures. Stroke volume and peak early diastolic velocity of mitral inflow were lower in supine position compared with those in right and left lateral-recumbency. Heart rate (HR) and systemic vascular resistance were higher in supine position compared with those in right and left lateral-recumbency. Left ventricular pre-ejection period/left ventricular ejection time corrected and uncorrected by HR were higher in supine position compared with those in right and left lateral-recumbency. In conclusion, longitudinal cranial-esophageal aorta long-axis-view and transverse middle-esophageal mitral valve long-axis-view provide useful information of interest anesthesia monitoring, because of their views enable to certainly obtain TEE parameters in various postures. Furthermore, TEE parameters allow to detect the changes of preload, afterload and HR that occur in supine position dogs.

著者

Yosuke SHIMIZU Tadashi IWASAKI Tomoko TAJIMA Eiji YUBA Kenji KONO Shinobu WATARAI

出版者

公益社団法人 日本獣医学会

雑誌

Journal of Veterinary Medical Science (ISSN:09167250)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.16-0338, (Released:2016-12-05)

被引用文献数

8

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Induction of mucosal immune responses against Porphyromonas gingivalis within the oral cavity of dogs was studied by immunizing with pH-sensitive fusogenic polymer (MGluPG)-modified liposome-associated cell lysate. Dogs immunized with P. gingivalis cell lysate-containing MGluPG-modified liposomes by intraocular (eye drop) route displayed significant levels of P. gingivalis cell lysate-specific serum IgG and IgA as well as mucosal IgA antibodies in saliva secretion. Serum and salivary antibodies generated by intraocularly immunized with MGluPG-modified liposome-associated P. gingivalis cell lysate revealed a significant aggregation activity against P. gingivalis, whereas serum and saliva from dogs receiving MGluPG-modified liposomes unentrapping P. gingivalis cell lysate did not show the aggregation activity against P. gingivalis. Furthermore,P. gingivalis-specific antibodies in saliva of immunized dogs inhibited the adherence of P. gingivalis to cultured HeLa cells. More importantly, salivary antibodies induced by intraocular immunization with P. gingivalis cell lysate-containing MGluPG-modified liposomes significantly inhibited the coaggregation of P. gingivalis with A. naeslundii and the cell damage activity of P. gingivalis against FaDu cells, an oral epithelial cell. These results suggest that intraocularly administered P. gingivalis cell lysate-containing MGluPG-modified liposomes should be an effective mucosal vaccine against P. gingivalis infection in dogs and may be an important tool for the prevention of periodontitis.

著者

Meucci VALENTINA Luci GIACOMO Vanni MICHELE Guidi GRAZIA Perondi FRANCESCA Intorre LUIGI

出版者

公益社団法人 日本獣医学会

雑誌

Journal of Veterinary Medical Science (ISSN:09167250)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.16-0226, (Released:2016-12-12)

被引用文献数

16

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Ochratoxin A (OTA) is a mycotoxin produced by secondary metabolism of several fungi belonging to the genera Aspergillus and Penicillium. OTA is potentially nephrotoxic, neurotoxic, immunotoxic and carcinogenic in several animal species and in humans. This toxin has been detected in several human food and animal feed. The aim of this study was to determine OTA in blood samples of healthy and affected by chronic kidney disease (CKD) dogs. CKD group showed higher incidence of OTA-positivity than healthy dogs (96% vs. 56%) and a significantly higher median value of OTA plasma concentration (0.008 ng/ml vs. 0.144 ng/ml). No significant correlation was observed between OTA levels and creatinine values in CKD dogs. This is first study regarding OTA detection in plasma samples of healthy and CKD dogs; the presence of this toxin is higher in nephropatic patients but is not yet clear, if it is correlated with progression of the disease.

著者

Shoichi WAKITANI Daigo YOKOI Yuichi HIDAKA Koichiro NISHINO

出版者

公益社団法人 日本獣医学会

雑誌

Journal of Veterinary Medical Science (ISSN:09167250)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.16-0321, (Released:2016-12-04)

被引用文献数

10

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Runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2) is essential for osteogenesis. This study is aimed at identification of the genomic region differentially methylated in DNA for regulation of Runx2 expression. In the proximal promoter of mouse Runx2, DNA methylation was frequent at the region further than 3 kb relative to the transcription start site, in contrast to lower methylation status of the closer locus within 2 kb from the transcription start site. At the intermediate part, we identified a novel differentially methylated region in the Runx2 promoter region (Runx2-DMR): from -2.7 to -2.2 kb relative to the start site of Runx2 transcription in mice. In this region, the DNA methylation rate correlated negatively with Runx2 expression among mouse organs as well as among primary cultures of bone marrow from different dogs. Induction of mouse and dog mesenchymal-like cells into osteoblastic differentiation decreased the methylation rate of Runx2-DMR. Thus, in this study, we identified a novel genomic region in which DNA methylation status is related to Runx2 expression and detected demethylation of Runx2-DMR during osteoblastic differentiation in mouse and dog.

著者

平間 郷子 後藤 陽子 上間 匡 遠藤 泰之 三浦 竜一 甲斐 知恵子

出版者

社団法人日本獣医学会

雑誌

Journal of Veterinary Medical Science (ISSN:09167250)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.66, no.12, pp.1575-1578, 2004-12-25

被引用文献数

2 22

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野生ハクビシンから分離されたCDV(Haku93株・Haku00株)のH遺伝子は,607アミノ酸をコードするORFを有していた.アミノ酸配列はともに,ワクチン株よりもイヌの近年分離株と高い相同性を示し,12のシステイン残基,疎水性領域およびN型糖鎖付加部位が保存されていた.系統樹解析ではHaku93株およびHaku00株は,日本の近年分離株と同じグループに属することが明らかとなった.

著者

Takuya DOI Yuki TOMONARI Kazufumi KAWASAKO Naoaki YAMADA Minoru TSUCHITANI

出版者

公益社団法人 日本獣医学会

雑誌

Journal of Veterinary Medical Science (ISSN:09167250)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.16-0486, (Released:2016-11-24)

被引用文献数

1

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Lymphocytic adrenal medullitis characterized by inflammation and atrophy in the medulla of the bilateral adrenal glands was observed in an 18-month-old male laboratory beagle dog. It might be that the present lymphocytic adrenal medullitis is an autoimmune-mediated disease as the histological characteristics are consistent with an autoimmune pathogenesis. However, the actual cause remains unclear as the existence of serum autoantibodies against the adrenal medulla could not be confirmed. Although this dog also contracted lymphocytic thyroiditis along with serum thyroglobulin autoantibodies, indicating that the thyroiditis occurred with an autoimmune basis; the relation between the adrenal medullitis and thyroiditis is unknown.

著者

Dung VAN NGUYEN Yukata TERADA Shohei MINAMI Kenzo YONEMITSU Nao NAGATA Thanh Dinh Ha LE Ryusei KUWATA Hiroshi SHIMODA Ken MAEDA

出版者

公益社団法人 日本獣医学会

雑誌

Journal of Veterinary Medical Science (ISSN:09167250)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.16-0538, (Released:2016-11-14)

被引用文献数

16

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Canine coronavirus (CCoV) is an important pathogen that causes enteritis in dogs, but there is no information on CCoV infection in Vietnam. To examine the prevalence of CCoV infection among Vietnamese dogs, 201 serum samples were analyzed by virus-neutralization (VN) test. The results showed that antibody against CCoV-II was present in 87 dogs (43.3%). To detect genes of CCoV, fecal samples collected from 30 diarrheic and 50 healthy dogs were examinated by RT-PCR, confirming that 2 diarrheic dogs and 5 healthy dogs were positive for CCoV. Nucleotide sequences of N-terminal region of spike (S) gene indicated that CCoV strains were divided into two subgenotypes, CCoV-IIa and -IIb, respectively. Furthemore, we succeeded in isolating CCoV/dog/HCM47/2015, the isolate was plaque-purified three times, and 3′-terminal one-third of the genome was analyzed. Interestingly, the plaque-purified virus had a large deletion in ORF3abc and E genes (1,165 nt), and a short deletion in ORF7b gene (60 nt), suggesting that these regions are not necessary for in vitro replication of CCoV. Next, the antigenicity between the isolated CCoV-IIb and the other CCoV-IIa was compared by VN test, revealing that antigenicty of the isolated CCoV is equal or higher than that of the other CCoV. In summary, two subgenotypes of CCoV-II are spreading among Vietnamese dogs. The isolated virus with a large deletion after in vitro passage may be useful for the development of vaccine, owing to its antigenicity and efficient viral growth in vitro.

著者

Manabu KOIKE Yasutomo YUTOKU Aki KOIKE

出版者

公益社団法人 日本獣医学会

雑誌

Journal of Veterinary Medical Science (ISSN:09167250)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.16-0440, (Released:2016-10-14)

被引用文献数

7

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Understanding the molecular mechanisms of DNA double-strand break (DSB) repair processes, especially nonhomologous DNA-end joining (NHEJ), is critical for developing next-generation radiotherapies and chemotherapeutics for human and animal cancers. The localization, protein-protein interactions and post-translational modifications of core NHEJ factors, such as human Ku70 and Ku80, might play critical roles in controlling NHEJ activity. XRCC4-like factor (XLF) is a core NHEJ factor and plays a key role in the Ku-dependent NHEJ repair process in human cells. Recently, companion animals, such as canines, have been proposed to be a good model for many aspects of cancer research, including the development of chemotherapeutics. However, the localization and regulation of core NHEJ factors in canine cells have not been elucidated. Here, we show that the localization of canine XLF changes dynamically during the cell cycle. EYFP-canine XLF localizes in the nuclei of interphase cells and accumulates immediately at microirradiated DSB sites. The structure of a putative human XLF nuclear localization signal (NLS) and a putative 14-3-3 binding motif are evolutionarily conserved in canine, chimpanzee and mouse XLF. However, the putative β-TRCP-recognizable degron of human XLF is not conserved in canine and mouse. Additionally, some vital human XLF phosphorylation sites, including the ATM major phosphorylation site (S251), are not conserved in canine XLF. Our findings might be useful for the study of the molecular mechanisms of NHEJ in canine cells and for the development of new radiosensitizers that target XLF.

著者

Bum-Sul CHOI Hyeong-Sun MOON Sang-Hyuk SEO Changbaig HYUN

出版者

公益社団法人 日本獣医学会

雑誌

Journal of Veterinary Medical Science (ISSN:09167250)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.16-0188, (Released:2016-09-30)

被引用文献数

17

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Reduction in glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is a common complication in advanced stages of heart failure (HF). The convenient and precise assessment for GFR would be useful for early detection of renal impairment in HF dogs. Our hypothesis of this study was the GFR would be reduced in advanced stages of HF from chronic mitral valvular disease (CMVI), as indicated by renal markers including serum cystatin-C (Cys-C) and symmetric dimethylarginine (SDMA) concentrations. Forty-three client-owned dogs consisting of 33 dogs with different stages of HF from CMVI and 10 age-matched healthy dogs were enrolled in this study. Serum Cys-C and SDMA concentrations along with other renal (i.e., urea nitrogen and creatinine) and echocardiographic markers were evaluated in healthy and CMVI dogs. Serum Cys-C concentrations were 1.4 ± 0.4 mg/l in control, 2.1 ± 0.9 mg/l in ISACHC I, 2.9 ± 0.8 mg/l in ISACHC II and 3.6 ± 0.6 mg/l in ISACHC III dogs, whereas serum SDMA concentrations were 8 ± 2 ug/dl in control, 14 ± 3 ug/dl in ISACHC I, 18 ± 6 ug/dl in ISACHC II and 22 ± 7 ug/dl in ISACHC III dogs. There was close correlation of serum Cys-C and SDMA concentrations to serum creatinine, urea nitrogen and the severity of HF. Our study demonstrated that the GFR was decreased in dogs with CMVI having earlier stages of HF.

著者

Hun-Young YOON Byong-Su MIN Sun-Young KIM Da-Eun LEE Jung-Hyun KIM

出版者

公益社団法人 日本獣医学会

雑誌

Journal of Veterinary Medical Science (ISSN:09167250)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.16-0221, (Released:2016-09-25)

被引用文献数

6

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A 3-year-old French bulldog presented for evaluation of recurrent swelling and a fistula on the right cheek after a dog fight. A large volume of serous fluids was identified on the wound immediately after atropine drops. A diagnosis of parotid salivary duct rupture secondary to trauma was made. On surgical exploration, the thickened proximal segment of the severed duct was identified and circumferentially double ligated with 3-0 silk. No evidence of swelling and normal appearance of the parotid salivary gland was identified 4 months postoperative recheck. No further problems were noted 10 months postoperatively phone-call. To the author’s knowledge, this is the first reported case of successful proximal parotid duct ligation of parotid salivary duct rupture secondary to non-iatrogenic trauma.

著者

Reeko SATO Takuma AOKI Saori KOBAYASHI Naohiro UCHIDA Shunsuke SIMAMURA Masahiro YAMASAKI

出版者

公益社団法人 日本獣医学会

雑誌

Journal of Veterinary Medical Science (ISSN:09167250)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.16-0025, (Released:2016-09-22)

被引用文献数

4

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Propofol (2,6-diisopropylphenol), being used as an intravenous sedative and anesthetic agent, influences not only upon nervous system but also for host inflammatory response through modulating neutrophil functions. This study is designed to evaluate the modulating effects of propofol and its lipid carrier administration at clinically relevant rate on canine neutrophil functions. Clinically healthy beagle dogs were received propofol (8.8 mg/kg) from cephalic vein and maintained with propofol dropping infusion (26.4 mg/kg/hr). Blood samples were collected from the dogs before infusion and 30 min after the start of propofol administration, and neutrophil functions were evaluated. The dogs were also administered lipid carrier, and neutrophil functions were evaluated in the same manner as propofol administration. Peripheral white blood cell and neutrophil counts decreased after the propofol or lipid carrier administration. The administration of propofol or lipid carrier significantly reduced neutrophil adherence ability. The superoxide production of neutrophils was measured by luminol-dependent chemiluminescence response using with opsonized zymosan. Peak height of neutrophil chemiluminescence curve was reduced by propofol and lipid carrier administration, on the contrary, peak time of neutrophil chemiluminescence curve was delayed. Administration of propofol or lipid carrier also reduced neutrophil adherence ability to nylon fibers. In the present study, we showed the modulating effects of propofol and its lipid carrier on canine neutrophil functions. However, there was no significant difference in the modulating effects between propofol group and lipid carrier group. Therefore, the modulating effects observed here were deeply concerned in lipid carrier administration.

著者

Toru SATO Koichi OHNO Takashi TAMAMOTO Mariko OISHI Hideyuki KANEMOTO Kenjiro FUKUSHIMA Yuko GOTO-KOSHINO Masashi TAKAHASHI Hajime TSUJIMOTO

出版者

公益社団法人 日本獣医学会

雑誌

Journal of Veterinary Medical Science (ISSN:09167250)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.16-0009, (Released:2016-09-23)

被引用文献数

37

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Canine pancreatitis is a relatively common disorder, and its mortality rate remains high. However, prognostic factors for pancreatitis based on evidence are limited. Moreover, the relationship between changes in C-reactive protein (CRP) concentration—an important prognostic factor for human patients with acute pancreatitis—and the prognosis of dogs with pancreatitis has not been widely studied. Therefore, we examined prognostic factors for canine pancreatitis during the first medical examination and evaluated the usefulness of serial CRP measurements during hospitalization. Sixty-five dogs met the inclusion criteria, including 22 that were hospitalized and treated. In study 1, a multivariate analysis revealed that three factors— decreased platelet count and a marked (greater than 1,000 μg/l) elevation of specific canine pancreatic lipase (Spec cPL) concentration at the first medical examination, as well as elevated blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and/or creatinine (CRE) level—were significantly different between the survivors and nonsurvivors. Moreover, CRP concentrations on the third and fourth days were significantly different between the two groups in study 2. An evaluation of the decreased platelet count, remarkable elevation of Spec cPL concentration at the first medical examination, elevation of BUN and/or CRE as well as serial CRP concentration measurements may be useful for predicting the prognosis of canine pancreatitis.

著者

Hideto YUASA Youhei MANTANI Natsumi MASUDA Miho NISHIDA Junichi KAWANO Toshifumi YOKOYAMA Nobuhiko HOSHI Hiroshi KITAGAWA

出版者

公益社団法人 日本獣医学会

雑誌

Journal of Veterinary Medical Science (ISSN:09167250)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.16-0349, (Released:2016-09-03)

被引用文献数

3

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The expressions of Toll-like receptor (TLR) -2, -4 and -9 were immunohistochemically investigated in the follicle-associated epithelium (FAE), and epithelia of the follicle-associated intestinal villus (FAIV) and ordinary intestinal villus (IV) in rat Peyer’s patch regions with no bacterial colonies on the mucous membranes. TLR-2 was expressed in the striated borders of microvillous columnar epithelial cells (MV) in both FAIV and IV except in the apices. However, TLR-2 expression in the striated borders was weaker in the epithelium of the follicular side of FAIV (f-FAIV) than in epithelia of IV and the anti-follicular side of FAIV. TLR-4 and -9 were not expressed in the FAIV and IV. In the FAE, TLR-2, -4 and -9 were not expressed in the striated borders of MV, but the roofs of some typical M-cells were immunopositive for all TLRs. Especially, no TLR-positive MV were found at the FAE sites where M-cells appeared most frequently. In the follicle-associated intestinal crypt (FAIC), immunopositivity for all TLRs was observed in the striated borders of MV and the luminal substances. In conclusion, the lower levels of TLR-2 in both FAE and the epithelium of f-FAIV probably reduce recognition of indigenous bacteria. TLR-2, -4 and -9 appear not to participate directly in differentiation of MV into M-cells, because TLRs were not expressed in any MV in the upstream region of M-cells in FAE with no settlement of indigenous bacteria in the rat Peyer’s patches.

著者

Jungmin SOHN Sookyung YUN Jeosoon LEE Dongwoo CHANG Mincheol CHOI Junghee YOON

出版者

公益社団法人 日本獣医学会

雑誌

Journal of Veterinary Medical Science (ISSN:09167250)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.16-0003, (Released:2016-09-05)

被引用文献数

8

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Kidney size may be altered in renal diseases, and the detection of kidney size alteration has diagnostic and prognostic values. We hypothesized that radiographic kidney size, the kidney length to the second lumbar vertebra (L2) length ratio, in normal Miniature Schnauzer dogs may be overestimated due to their shorter vertebral length. This study was conducted to evaluate radiographic and ultrasonographic kidney size, L2 length and the kidney length to aorta diameter ratio in clinically normal Miniature Schnauzers and other dog breeds to evaluate the effect of vertebral length on radiographic kidney size and to reestablish radiographic kidney size in normal Miniature Schnauzers. Abdominal radiographs and ultrasonograms from 49 Miniature Schnauzers and 54 other breeds without clinical evidence of renal disease and lumbar vertebral abnormality were retrospectively evaluated. Radiographic kidney size, mean kidney length to the second lumbar vertebra ratio, in the Miniature Schnauzer (3.31 ± 0.26) was significantly larger than that in other breeds (2.94 ± 0.27). Relative L2 length, the L2 length to width ratio, in the Miniature Schnauzer (1.11 ± 0.06) was significantly shorter than that in other breeds (1.21 ± 0.09). However, ultrasonographic kidney sizes were within or very close to normal range both in the Miniature Schnauzer (6.75 ± 0.67) and other breeds (7.16 ± 1.01). Thus, Miniature Schnauzer dogs have breed-specific short vertebrae and consequently a larger radiographic kidney size, which was greater than standard reference in normal adult dogs. Care should be taken when evaluating radiographic kidney size in Miniature Schnauzers to prevent falsely diagnosed renomegaly.

著者

Fumitaka TAKAHASHI Takaharu HAKOZAKI Nobuo KANNO Yasuji HARADA Shinya YAMAGUCHI Yasushi HARA

出版者

公益社団法人 日本獣医学会

雑誌

Journal of Veterinary Medical Science (ISSN:09167250)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.16-0160, (Released:2016-09-04)

被引用文献数

2

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We evaluated comparatively the mechanical strength in three kinds of surgical fixation techniques for canine atlantoaxial joint. Atlantoaxial plate fixation (APF), polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) fixation (PMF) and transarticular fixation (TAF) were applied to the atlas and axis harvested from healthy beagle dogs, and then the specimens were tested. The PMF group had significantly higher resistance to flexion than the APF group (P=0.030) and the TAF group (P=0.004). There were no significant differences in resistance to torsion between the APF group and the PMF group, while the APF group had significantly higher resistance to torsion than the TAF group (P=0.037). Considering the possible drawbacks of using PMMA, the APF method is proposed as an alternative to the PMF method.