著者

Katsuyasu Kouda Masayuki Iki

出版者

Japan Society of Physiological Anthropology

雑誌

Journal of PHYSIOLOGICAL ANTHROPOLOGY (ISSN:18806791)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.29, no.4, pp.127-132, 2010-07-31 (Released:2010-08-01)

参考文献数

62

被引用文献数

34 49

---

Hormesis is defined as a dose-response phenomenon characterized by low-dose stimulation and high-dose inhibition, and has been recognized as representing an overcompensation for mild environmental stress. The beneficial effects of mild stress on aging and longevity have been studied for many years. In experimental animals, mild dietary stress (dietary restriction, DR) without malnutrition delays most age-related physiological changes, and extends maximum and average lifespan. Animal studies have also demonstrated that DR can prevent or lessen the severity of cancer, stroke, coronary heart disease, autoimmune disease, allergy, Parkinson's disease and Alzheimer's disease. The effects of DR are considered to result from hormetic mechanisms. These effects were reported by means of various DR regimens, such as caloric restriction, total-nutrient restriction, alternate-day fasting, and short-term fasting. Mild dietary stress, including restriction of amount or frequency of intake, is the essence of DR. For more than 99% of their history, humans lived as hunter-gatherers and adapted to restrictions in their food supply. On the other hand, an oversufficiency of food for many today has resulted in the current global epidemic of obesity and obesity-related diseases. DR may be used, therefore, as a novel approach for therapeutic intervention in several diseases, when detailed information about effects of mild dietary stress on human health is obtained from clinical trials.

著者

岩尾 総一郎

出版者

Japan Society of Physiological Anthropology

雑誌

The Annals of physiological anthropology (ISSN:02878429)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.2, no.4, pp.176-178, 1983-10-01 (Released:2008-02-08)

参考文献数

7

著者

大中 忠勝

出版者

Japan Society of Physiological Anthropology

雑誌

The Annals of physiological anthropology (ISSN:02878429)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.12, no.1, pp.1-10, 1993-01-01 (Released:2008-02-08)

参考文献数

17

被引用文献数

7 13

---

Exposure to ultraviolet radiation (UVR) occurs from both natural and artificial sources. The main natural source is the sun. On the other hand, artificial UVR sources are widely used in industry and also used in hospitals, Iaboratories, etc. because of their germicidal properties. They are even used for cosmetic purposes. UVR can be classified into three regions according to its wavelength : as UVA (320-400nm), UVB (320-280nm) and UVC (280-200nm). The UVC has the greatest health effect on humans among the three. The sun radiates a wide range of spectrum of electromagnetic radiation including the UVR, however the radiation below 290 nm in wavelength does hot reach the surface of the earth for effective absorption by the strato-spheric ozone layer. As a result, UVR from a natural source consists of only UVA and a part of UVB. On the other hand, artificial UVR sources include UVC region and have serious effects on the human body, especially on the skin and eyes.

著者

山下 久仁子 曽根 良昭 鶴岡 裕子 山本 佳弘

出版者

Japan Society of Physiological Anthropology

雑誌

日本生理人類学会誌 (ISSN:13423215)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.5, no.3, pp.15-22, 2000-08-25 (Released:2017-07-28)

参考文献数

15

---

We studied the effects of an additive flavor on human physiological responses accompanied with normal tea ingestion. In this study, we prepared and used a newly devised cup that gives aroma while subjects are drinking tea. As a result, we observed higher relative power value of α waves[α p/(αp+βp)x100, p : power value] of EEG at Pz position when the subjects drink tea with an additive flavor than when normal tea. In addition, the records of HRV and skin blood flow showed that the additive flavor moderated the level of the increase in the hear rate and the activity of sympathetic nervous system accompanied with normal tea ingestion. These results suggest that the additive flavor enhanced the relaxation of normal tea ingestion.

著者

Ryoji Yoshitake Norihiro Ise Satoru Yamada Kazuo Tsuchiya

出版者

Japan Society of Physiological Anthropology

雑誌

Applied Human Science (ISSN:13413473)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.16, no.5, pp.205-211, 1997 (Released:2001-09-28)

参考文献数

8

被引用文献数

1 1

---

The usability of four kinds of keyboards as regards touch and feel was evaluated by measuring the performance and eliciting the preferences of a total of 24 Japanese participants in a test that consisted of typing English text. It was found that quiet keyboards with an indistinct tactile feedback tend to give higher uncorrected error rates than keyboards with a distinct tactile feedback and clicking sound, while no significant difference in throughput was found among the four keyboards. As regards preference, the test participants were divided into two groups: those who preferred keyboards with a distinct tactile feedback and clicking sound, and those who preferred keyboards with an indistinct tactile feedback and no sound. Analysis revealed that these two groups also showed different sensations and preferences with respect to several aspects of the touch and feel of keyboards. This result suggests that suppliers of computer keyboards should provide two kinds of keyboards, with distinct and indistinct tactile key switches, in order to satisfy as many users as possible.

著者

Harunobu Nakamura Kaori Shimoji Katsuyasu Kouda Rikio Tokunaga Hiroichi Takeuchi

出版者

Japan Society of Physiological Anthropology

雑誌

Journal of PHYSIOLOGICAL ANTHROPOLOGY and Applied Human Science (ISSN:13453475)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.22, no.5, pp.237-240, 2003 (Released:2003-10-01)

参考文献数

23

被引用文献数

8 11 9

---

It has been reported that nutritional stress, such as short-term fasting and long-term energy restriction, has a suppressive effect on allergic dermatitis in experimental animals. Furthermore, clinical study has demonstrated a positive association between weight loss by low-energy diet and improvement in patients with atopic dermatitis. In this report, a 23-year-old female with atopic dermatitis received a treatment of repeated short-term fasting. 24-hour fasting was conducted once a week for a period of 20 weeks. On the fasting day, the amount of energy intake was 200 kcal. No medication was administered during the trial period. Clinical symptoms were evaluated using the Scoring Atopic Dermatitis index, and IgE, lactase dehydrogenase-5, and number of eosinophils were measured. At the end of the trial, body weight was reduced and clinical symptoms improved, whereas no improvements in laboratory findings were shown. For sufficient evidence of the effects of fasting, additional controlled study is needed.

著者

丸山 康子 飯塚 幸子 吉田 敬一

出版者

Japan Society of Physiological Anthropology

雑誌

The Annals of physiological anthropology (ISSN:02878429)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.10, no.1, pp.61-70, 1991-01-01 (Released:2011-02-07)

参考文献数

33

被引用文献数

8 11

---

Utilizing an ultrasonic device (B-mode, 7.5MHz), the thickness of subcutaneous fat was measured at 54 different points in the bodies of 59 males (aged 20-25) and 66 females (aged 20-23). The results were as follows;1. The females had significantly thicker subcutaneous fat than those of the males at every point measured.2. The thick subcutaneous fats were obsereved at the abdomen, buttocks, and the anterior and medial parts of the thigh in the males, and at the breast, buttocks, abdomen, the posterior, medial, and anterior parts of the thigh, and the anterior, medial, and posterior parts of the upperarm in the females, respectively.3. The subcutaneous fat of both sexes was more likely to be thicker in body parts closer to the trunk than the extremities.4. The correlation coefficient between the percent body fat and the mean thickness of subcutaneous fat obtained from data was 0.91 for the males and 0.83 for the females.

著者

梁瀬 度子

出版者

Japan Society of Physiological Anthropology

雑誌

The Annals of physiological anthropology (ISSN:02878429)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.4, no.4, pp.331-333, 1985-10-01 (Released:2008-02-08)

参考文献数

6

被引用文献数

3 2

著者

Hiroyuki Imamura Yoshitaka Yoshimura Kazuhiro Uchida Seiji Nishimura Anthony T. Nakazawa

出版者

Japan Society of Physiological Anthropology

雑誌

Applied Human Science (ISSN:13413473)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.17, no.5, pp.215-218, 1998 (Released:2001-08-31)

参考文献数

15

被引用文献数

23 26

著者

Aya Miyatsuji Tamaki Matsumoto Sachiko Mitarai Tetsuro Kotabe Takehiro Takeshima Shigeki Watanuki

出版者

Japan Society of Physiological Anthropology

雑誌

Journal of PHYSIOLOGICAL ANTHROPOLOGY and Applied Human Science (ISSN:13453475)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.21, no.1, pp.67-74, 2002 (Released:2002-04-04)

参考文献数

34

被引用文献数

28 32

---

The present study was designed to investigate the effects of clothing skin pressures exerted by two different types of brassieres (a conventional higher skin-pressured brassiere and a newly devised low skin-pressured brassiere) on the autonomic nervous system (ANS) activity. Six healthy young women (22.8 ± 1.4 yrs.) with regular menstrual cycles participated in this study. The ANS activities were assessed by means of heart rate variability power spectral analysis. The skin pressures exerted by the brassieres were measured with an air-pack type contact surface pressure sensor at five different points. The total amount of clothing pressure, and the pressures at the center and the side regions of the brassieres were significantly greater in the high than in the low skin-pressured brassiere (Total 9816.1 ± 269.0 vs. 6436.8 ± 252.4 Pa, P<0.01; Center 2212.1 ± 336.3 vs. 353.8 ± 85.8 Pa, P<0.01; Side 2556.8 ± 316.1 vs. 1747.2 ± 199.2 Pa, P<0.05). Concerning the ANS activity, the Total power, and the very low frequency (VLF) and the high frequency (HF) components were significantly decreased in the high skin-pressured brassiere than those in the low skin-pressured brassiere (Total 531.6 ± 57.3 vs. 770.5 ± 54.2 ms2, P<0.01; VLF 60.7 ± 14.6 vs. 179.2 ± 38.1 ms2, P<0.05; HF 209.5 ± 33.2 vs. 283.2 ± 61.5 ms2, P<0.01). Our data indicate that the higher clothing pressures exerted by a conventional brassiere have a significant negative impact on the ANS activity, which is predominantly attributable to the significant decrease in the parasympathetic as well as the thermoregulatory sympathetic nerve activities. Since the ANS activity plays an important role in modulating the internal environment in the human body, excess clothing pressures caused by constricting types of foundation garments on the body would consequently undermine women's health.

著者

Ai Yoto Tetsuo Katsuura Koichi Iwanaga Yoshihiro Shimomura

出版者

Japan Society of Physiological Anthropology

雑誌

Journal of PHYSIOLOGICAL ANTHROPOLOGY (ISSN:18806791)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.26, no.3, pp.373-379, 2007 (Released:2007-07-20)

参考文献数

17

被引用文献数

51 83

---

This study was designed to investigate the physiological effects of color in terms of blood pressure and the results of electroencephalogram (EEG) as subjects looked at the sheets of paper of various colors. A questionnaire was also used to assess psychological effects. Three colors (red, green, blue) were shown to each subject in randomized order. The various colors showed distinctly different effects on the mean power of the alpha band, theta band, and on the total power in the theta-beta EEG bandwidth and alpha attenuation coefficient (AAC). Scores of the subjective evaluations concerning heavy, excited, and warm feelings also indicated significant differences between red and blue conditions. Against to our prediction, blue elicited stronger arousal than did red as expressed by the results of AAC and the mean power of the alpha band, which conflicted with the results of the subjective evaluations scores. This phenomenon might be caused by bluish light's biological activating effect. The powers of the alpha band, and the theta band, and the total power of the theta-beta bandwidth as measured by EEG showed larger values while the subjects looked at red paper than while they looked at blue paper. This indicated that red possibly elicited an anxiety state and therefore caused a higher level of brain activity in the areas of perception and attention than did the color blue. Red paper's effect to activate the central cortical region with regard to perception and attention was considerably more distinguishable than was the biological activating effect of bluish light in our study.

著者

Jeong-Eun Song Yong-Shik Kim Jang-Yeul Sohn

出版者

Japan Society of Physiological Anthropology

雑誌

Journal of PHYSIOLOGICAL ANTHROPOLOGY (ISSN:18806791)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.26, no.6, pp.599-603, 2007-11-30 (Released:2007-12-30)

参考文献数

5

被引用文献数

5 8

---

This study aims at examining the reduction of indoor air contaminants by plants placed in an indoor space. Field measurements were performed using Aglaonema brevispathum, Pachira aquatica, and Ficus benjamiana, which were verified as air-purifying plants by NASA. Three conditions for the amount of plants and positions were used in two separate rooms whose dimensions are identical. The concentration of Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) was monitored three hours after the plants were placed and three days after the plants were placed. The variations of concentration of Benzene, Toluene, Etylbenzene, and Xylene (BTEX), as well as Formaldehyde, which are all known as the major elements of Volatile Organic Compounds were monitored. The amount of reduction in concentration of Toluene and Formaldehyde was monitored 3 hours and 3 days after the plants were placed in the space. The reduction in the concentration of Benzene, Toluene, Etylbenzene, Xylene, and Formaldehyde was significantly greater when plants were present. When plants were placed near a window, the reduction of concentration was greater. The more plants were used, the more a reduction of indoor air contaminants occurred. The effect of reducing the concentration of air contaminants increased when the amount of plants increased, and when the plants were placed in sunny area. The concentration of Toluene was reduced by 45.6 μg/m3 when 10% of the model space was occupied by Aglaonema brevispathum.

著者

Bum-Jin Park Yuko Tsunetsugu Tamami Kasetani Hideki Hirano Takahide Kagawa Masahiko Sato Yoshifumi Miyazaki

出版者

Japan Society of Physiological Anthropology

雑誌

Journal of PHYSIOLOGICAL ANTHROPOLOGY (ISSN:18806791)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.26, no.2, pp.123-128, 2007 (Released:2007-04-15)

参考文献数

12

被引用文献数

79 287

---

The purpose of this study is to examine the physiological effects of Shinrin-yoku (taking in the atmosphere of the forest). The subjects were 12 male students (22.8±1.4 yr). On the first day of the experiments, one group of 6 subjects was sent to a forest area, and the other group of 6 subjects was sent to a city area. On the second day, each group was sent to the opposite area for a cross check. In the forenoon, the subjects were asked to walk around their given area for 20 minutes. In the afternoon, they were asked to sit on chairs and watch the landscapes of their given area for 20 minutes. Cerebral activity in the prefrontal area and salivary cortisol were measured as physiological indices in the morning at the place of accommodation, before and after walking in the forest or city areas during the forenoon, and before and after watching the landscapes in the afternoon in the forest and city areas, and in the evening at the place of accommodation. The results indicated that cerebral activity in the prefrontal area of the forest area group was significantly lower than that of the group in the city area after walking; the concentration of salivary cortisol in the forest area group was significantly lower than that of the group in the city area before and after watching each landscape. The results of the physiological measurements show that Shinrin-yoku can effectively relax both people's body and spirit.

著者

Yasukouchi Akira Isayama Tatsuro

出版者

Japan Society of Physiological Anthropology

雑誌

Applied human science : journal of physiological anthropology

巻号頁・発行日

vol.14, no.1, pp.15-21, 1995

被引用文献数

4

著者

Eun-Jung Sung Yutaka Tochihara

出版者

Japan Society of Physiological Anthropology

雑誌

Journal of PHYSIOLOGICAL ANTHROPOLOGY and Applied Human Science (ISSN:13453475)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.19, no.1, pp.21-27, 2000-01-30 (Released:2000-04-12)

参考文献数

29

被引用文献数

46 67

---

The effects of daily bathing and hot footbath (immersion of feet in hot water) in winter on the sleep behavior of nine healthy female volunteers were studied. Subjects were assigned to three sleep conditions: sleep after bathing (Condition B), sleep after hot footbath (Condition F), and sleep without either treatment (Control). Polysomnograms (consisting of electro-encephalograph, electrooculograph, and electromyograph) were obtained, and body movements during sleep were measured while monitoring both the rectal and skin temperatures of subjects. In addition, subjective sleep sensations were obtained with a questionnaire answered immediately by the subjects on awakening. The rectal temperature increased by approximately 1.0°C under Condition B, but this elevation was not observed under Condition F compared with Control. In contrast, the respective increases in the mean skin temperature of participants subjected to bathing and hot footbath were greater than those of Control, although these temperature differences became negligible 2 h after subjects went to bed. The sleep onset latency was shortened under both conditions compared with Control. Body movements during the first 30 min of sleep in Control were greater than under the other conditions. Rapid eye movement (REM) sleep decreased under Condition B compared with Condition F, and stage 3 was greater under the latter condition compared with Control. As such, the subjective sleep sensations were better under the two treatment conditions. These results suggest that both daily bathing and hot footbath before sleeping facilitates earlier sleep onset. A hot footbath is especially recommendable for the handicapped, elderly, and disabled, who are unable to enjoy regular baths easily and safely.

著者

Zhaojia Ye Yasuyo Abe Yosuke Kusano Noboru Takamura Kazuyuki Eida Tai-ichiro Takemoto Kiyoshi Aoyagi

出版者

Japan Society of Physiological Anthropology

雑誌

Journal of PHYSIOLOGICAL ANTHROPOLOGY (ISSN:18806791)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.26, no.2, pp.69-73, 2007 (Released:2007-04-15)

参考文献数

24

被引用文献数

34 47

---

Visual display terminals (VDT) are standard equipment for many office workers. Their use, however, may increase the risk of developing adverse conditions related to vision, the musculoskeletal system, and mental health. We carried out a survey among 3070 workers aged 18 to 67 years (mean, 39.9 years) at a prefectural administrative office, in which 76% of subjects were visual display terminal (VDT) users. We examined the relationship between duration of daily VDT use and eyestrain, neck or upper extremity pain, back pain, and mental health, and estimated the effect of breaks and rest during VDT work on these symptoms. The 12-item General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12: total scores ranged from 0 to 12) was used to identify potential poor mental health status, and subjects with 4 or more were considered to have symptoms of psychological distress. Seventeen percent of subjects reported eyestrain, 19.1% reported upper extremity pain, 11.6% reported back pain, and 17% of subjects had GHQ-12 scores of 4 or higher. Logistic regression analysis showed that duration of daily VDT use and lack of breaks and rest during VDT work were significantly associated with eyestrain, neck or upper extremity pain, back pain, and psychological distress. In order to protect users from the adverse effects associated with VDT work, reducing daily VDT exposure, taking breaks, and rest during VDT work are important.

著者

小林 宏光 佐藤 方彦

出版者

Japan Society of Physiological Anthropology

雑誌

The Annals of physiological anthropology (ISSN:02878429)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.11, no.1, pp.45-49, 1992-01-01 (Released:2008-02-08)

参考文献数

7

被引用文献数

38 53

---

The present study was desigend to examine the effects of illuminance and color tempera-ture of room lighting. Four male students volunteered as subjects. Each of them performed a calculation task for 95 minutes under nine different lighting environments consisting of a combination of three levels of illuminance (320lx, 1000lx and 2000lx) and three levels of color temperature (3000°K, 5000°K and 7500°K). Three types of fluorescent lamps were used as a light source to vary the color temperature. Blood pr.essure, critical flicker frequency (CFF) and accommodation time of eye movements were measured every 30 minutes during the task. The accommodation time was significantly influenced by the illuminance level and both the relaxation time and contraction time were prolonged under 2000lx. The diastolic blood pressure was significantly affected by the color temperature level and increased under 7500°K. As for the CFF, the interaction between illuminance and color temperature was significant. These results mean that not only the illuminance but also color temperature produces physio-logical effects. The present study may be the first to recognize the effect of color temperature on the blood pressure

著者

Nozomi Sato Shinji Miyake

出版者

Japan Society of Physiological Anthropology

雑誌

Journal of PHYSIOLOGICAL ANTHROPOLOGY and Applied Human Science (ISSN:13453475)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.23, no.6, pp.215-223, 2004 (Released:2004-12-10)

参考文献数

35

被引用文献数

55 91

---

The purpose of the present study was to determine the fluctuation in cardiovascular reactivity to mental stress during the menstrual cycle by comparing heart rate variability (HRV), and other physiological and psychological data in females with those in males. Cardiovascular reactivity to two mental tasks was measured in 14 females during the follicular and luteal phase of menstruation over two menstrual cycles. The same tasks were subsequently given to a matched pair of males (N=14), at the same intervals as their corresponding females. Heart rate, blood pressure and HRV were used as indices of cardiovascular reactivity. Subjective mental workload was measured at the end of each task. Power spectral analysis of HRV showed that the high frequency (HF) component in HRV decreased more during the luteal phase than the follicular phase. The low frequency (LF) component in HRV and the LF/HF ratio in the luteal phase were significantly higher than that in the follicular phase. The LF component and the LF/HF ratio were significantly lower in females than in males; conversely, the HF component was significantly higher in females than in males. Neither significant effects of menstrual cycle, gender and mental stress nor any significant interactions were found for mental workload. These findings indicate that sympathetic nervous activity in the luteal phase is significantly greater than in the follicular phase whereas parasympathetic nervous activity is predominant in the follicular phase. The results also suggest that predominance of sympathetic nervous activity in males compared with a dominant parasympathetic nervous activity in females.

著者

Sokichi Sakuragi Yoshiki Sugiyama Kiyomi Takeuchi

出版者

Japan Society of Physiological Anthropology

雑誌

Journal of PHYSIOLOGICAL ANTHROPOLOGY and Applied Human Science (ISSN:13453475)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.21, no.3, pp.159-165, 2002 (Released:2002-07-31)

参考文献数

31

被引用文献数

33 53

---

We investigated the effects of laughing and weeping induced by watching comedy and tragedy videos on mood and autonomic nervous function. Ten healthy female subjects volunteered for the experiment. Chest electrocardiogram and respiration curve were recorded before, after, and during watching a comedy or a tragedy video. We also asked them to fill out profiles of mood states (POMS) to evaluate their mood states while watching videos. Autonomic nervous function was estimated by spectral analysis of heart rate variability (HRV). All subjects more or less laughed and wept while watching comedy and tragedy videos, respectively. Anger-hostility score of the POMS decreased and vigor score increased significantly after watching comedy videos, while depression-dejection score increased significantly after watching tragedy ones. Although both contents tended to increase a low to high frequency component ratio (LF/HF ratio) of HRV, the time course of responses was different. The LF/HF ratio which reflects cardiac sympathovagal balance increased immediately after they started watching comedy videos, and returned to the basal level right after they stopped watching, whereas the LF/HF ratio increased gradually to a lesser extent while watching tragedy videos. In contrast, the high-frequency component which reflects cardiac parasympathetic nerve activity gradually decreased while watching both videos but did not return to the basal level after watching tragedy ones. These results suggest that laughing has strong but transient effects on the autonomic nervous system, while weeping or feeling sad has moderate but sustained effects on it.

著者

Ryoko Masago Tamiko Matsuda Yoshiaki Kikuchi Yoshifumi Miyazaki Koichi Iwanaga Hajimei Harada Tetsuo Katsuura

出版者

Japan Society of Physiological Anthropology

雑誌

Journal of PHYSIOLOGICAL ANTHROPOLOGY and Applied Human Science (ISSN:13453475)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.19, no.1, pp.35-42, 2000-01-30 (Released:2000-04-12)

参考文献数

25

被引用文献数

36 61

---

The purpose of this study was to investigate EEG changes in subjects directly after inhalation of essential oils, and subsequently, to observe any effect on subjective evaluations. EEG and sensory evaluation were assessed in 13 healthy female subjects in four odor conditions. Four odor conditions (including lavender, chamomile, sandalwood and eugenol) were applied respectively for each subject in the experiment. The results were as follows. 1) Four basic factors were extracted from 22 adjective pairs by factor analysis of the sensory evaluation. The first factor was “comfortable feeling”, the second “cheerful feeling”, the third “natural feeling” and the fourth “feminine feeling”. In the score of the first factor (comfortable feeling), the odors in order of high contribution are lavender, eugenol, chamomile and sandalwood. 2) Alpha 1 (8-10 Hz) of EEG at parietal and posterior temporal regions significantly decreased soon after the onset of inhalation of lavender oil (p<0.01). Significant changes of alpha 1 were also observed after inhalation of eugenol or chamomile. The change after inhalation of sandalwood was not significant. These results showed that alpha 1 activity significantly decreased under odor conditions in which subjects felt comfortable, and showed no significant change under odor conditions in which subjects felt uncomfortable. These results suggest a possible correlation between alpha 1 activity and subjective evaluation.