著者

三上 俊夫

出版者

日本医科大学医学会

雑誌

日本医科大学医学会雑誌 (ISSN:13498975)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.8, no.2, pp.168-173, 2012 (Released:2012-05-30)

参考文献数

28

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Regular exercise plays an important role in preventing metabolic diseases, the impairment of cognitive function, and the onset of depression. Regular exercise enhances adult neurogenesis in the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus, and the exercise-derived prevention of cognitive deficits and depression is closely related to adult hippocampal neurogenesis. Both blood-derived factors and brain-derived factors are thought to contribute to the exercise-induced enhancement of adult hippocampal neurogenesis. Blood-derived factors include insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) . Exercise increases the transport of these substances from the blood to the brain and increases adult hippocampal neurogenesis. In contrast the exercise-induced enhancement of adult hippocampal neurogenesis can be blocked by inhibiting the binding of IGF-1 or VEGF to its receptor. On the other hand, brain-derived factors include brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) or Wnt3. In particular, BDNF plays a wide range of roles in neuronal development and survival, and the exercise-induced enhancement of hippocampal BDNF contributes to the increase in hippocampal neurogenesis. Aging and chronic stress impairs cognitive function, whereas regular exercise prevents age- or stress-induced impairment of cognitive function, the improvement of which is attributed to the action of IGF-1 or BDNF. In addition, the preventive effect of exercise on the onset of depression is also dependent on the improvement of hippocampal neurogenesis via BDNF or VEGF. These findings demonstrate that regular exercise helps maintain cognitive function and prevents depression in the elderly and the stressed; however, the mechanism of the exercise-induced improvement of cognition or depression remains unclear. Clarifying the mechanism via neuroscientific and molecular biological studies is needed to promote the usefulness of exercise for preventing cognitive deficits and depression.

著者

三上 俊夫

出版者

日本体力医学会

雑誌

体力科學 (ISSN:0039906X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.49, no.6, 2000-12-01

著者

伊藤 朗 三上 俊夫 丹 信介 後藤 浩史 井川 幸雄

出版者

一般社団法人 日本痛風・核酸代謝学会

雑誌

尿酸 (ISSN:03884120)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.8, no.1, pp.38-47, 1984 (Released:2012-11-27)

参考文献数

14

被引用文献数

3

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The study was investigated effects of different kinds of exercise on serum uric acid as the basic research data for preventing athletes and non-athletes from exercised-induced hyperuricemia and carring out exercise treatment for hyperuricemia. The results were summarized as follows: 1) Changes in serum uric acid on different kinds of exercise: On an exhaustive exercise on a bicycle ergometer for 5-10 min, serum uric acid was gradually increased, and reached a peak at 2 hrs after exercise. And then it was gradually decreased until 24 hrs after exercise, but was significantly 9.9% higher at 24 hrs after exercise than before exercise (p<0.001). On a 12 min-run, serum uric acid reached a peak immediatly after ex ercise, and then kept the same level until 2 hrs after exercise. On a 2 hrs running on a treadmill, serum uric acid showed a linear increase, and reached a peak at 45 min during exercise. And then it was the same level until 90 min after exercise. 2) Comparison of the degree of increase in serum uric acid on different kinds of exercise: The degree of increase in serum uric acid against before exercise was the largest (+87.9%, p<0.001) on an exhaustive exercise on a bicycle ergometer in untrained subjects, and was with a range of +9.0 to +34.2% on a 12-min -run, a 2 hrs running on a treadmill and so on. 3) Relationship between exercise in t e nsity and increase inserum uric acid when the amount of exercise was the same: The increase in serum uric acid after exercise was proportional to exercise intensity on 60%, 80%, and 100% V02 max. But serum uric acid was almost unchanged after 40% V02 max exercise, and tended to be decreased after 30% V02 max exercise. 4) The ratio of appearence of exercise-induced hyperuricophenomenon (phenomenon of a temporary high level of serum uric acid over 7 mg/dl after severe exercise): The ratio of appearence of exercise-induced hyperurico-phenomenon was 38.1% (75 out of 197 untrained subjects) at 5,000m run, and 53.3% (16 out of 30 trained subjects) at 12-min-run. 5) Effects of training on the degree of increase in serum uric acid after exercise: After training of walking and jogging for 4 months, the mean distance of 12-min-run was increased (2,444m→2,611m), but the degree of increase in serum uric acid after 12mm-run was decreased (+18.3%→+9.1%) in contrast to before training.

著者

中島 早苗 李 ヒョンジン 李 鏑成 三上 俊夫

出版者

日本体力医学会

雑誌

体力科學 (ISSN:0039906X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.57, no.6, 2008-12-01

著者

伊藤 朗 古賀 由香 秦野 伸二 三上 俊夫 村上 秀明 後藤 浩史 丹 信介

出版者

一般社団法人 日本痛風・核酸代謝学会

雑誌

尿酸 (ISSN:03884120)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.10, no.2, pp.65-74, 1986 (Released:2012-11-27)

参考文献数

21

被引用文献数

2

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各種スポーツマン, すなわち陸上競技の投てき(以後投てきと略),同短距離(以後短距離と略),同跳躍(以後跳躍と略),同長距離(以後長距離と略),器械体操,水球,水泳,ラグビー・フォワード( 以後フォワードと略) , 同バックス(以後バックスと略),野球,ハンドボール(以後ハンドと略),バレーボール(以後バレーと略),バスケットボール(以後バスケと略),サッカー,弓道,スキー,テニス,柔道,モトクロスの尿酸代謝について検討した.被検者は,18-29歳の男性211名とした.結果は以下のとおりである.1)全員の血清尿酸値(以後SUAと略)は,正規分布を示し,平均値は5.95mg/dl,2 S.D.は3.07-8.83mg/dlであった.種目別のSUAは高値順から投てき,水球,野球と続き,低値順からはモトクロス,跳躍,バレーと続いた.2)全員の高尿酸血症(7,5mg/dl以上)発症率(以後発症率と略)は9.95%,種目別発症率は,高率順から投てき,野球(各25%),テニス(20%)と続き,モトクロス,弓道,スキーなど7種目は発症しなかった.3)全員の尿中尿酸排泄量は,正規分布を示し,平均値は692mg/day,2S.D.は220-1,161mg/dayであった.種目別では,高値順から野球,柔道,バックスと続き,低値順からは器械体操,水泳,弓道と続いた.4)全員の尿酸クリァランス(以後CUAと略)は,対数正規分布を示し,平均値は7.87ml/min,2S.D.は3.35-18.49ml/minであり,種目別では高値順から長距離,バレー,バックスと続き,低値順からは器械体操,サッカー,テニスと続いた.5)全員のSUAとCUAには相関が認められ,相関係数は- 0.523 (p<0.001) であった.以上の結果および各種目の運動特性を考慮すると以下の示唆が得られた.1)アマの一流でない一般のスポーツマンのSUAは,一般人の平均値より高値が13種目,低値が6 種目, また発症率が一般人より高率が7種目,同率5種目,低率7種目であり種目間の差が著しく,なかには運動の影響のみられない種目があることが示唆された.本対象のSUA,発症率は最高でもプロ,アマー流選手より低く,活躍度が関係していることが示唆された.2)各種目の運動特性と尿酸代謝の関係は,パワー,有気的持久性,無気的持久性が多く含まれている種目の影響が大きく,なかでもパワーの影響が大きい.またパワー,有気的持久性が多く含まれ,無気的持久性の少ない種目は,尿酸産生過剰型であることが示唆された.一方,無気的持久性が多く含まれる種目は,尿酸排泄低下型であるが,パワー,有気的持久性の要素も含まれる種目では産生過剰の両型あることが示唆された.