著者

仁科 弘重 高倉 直

出版者

The Society of Agricultural Meteorology of Japan

雑誌

農業気象 (ISSN:00218588)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.39, no.3, pp.201-211, 1983-12-10 (Released:2010-02-25)

参考文献数

12

被引用文献数

2 2

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As the first step of a study on solar greenhouses with latent heat storage systems, thermal properties of phase change materials (PCMs) were tested and solar heating experiments applying these PCMs to small greenhouses were performed.Several PCMs which have melting points between 10-30°C were selected from the literatures (e.g. Hale et al., 1971), and measurements of melting points and heats of fusion were made. Considering these test results (Table 1 and Fig. 1), and because of the extremely high price of paraffin, we chose polyethylene glycol (PEG) and calcium chloride hexahydrate as the most suitable PCMs for solar heating greenhouses at the present time.Three types of solar greenhouse systems were constructed, and solar heating experiments were performed in both 1979 and 1980. We used two small identical glasshouses (floor area is 7.2m2, surface area 25.2m2) with the north wall (4.8m2) insulated.In the Type I solar greenhouse (without thermal screen), polyethylene tubes (3.0cm in diameter) were filled with 600kg of PEG (# 600 and # 400) and hung by steel bars in the insulated heat storage unit. Air was circulated by a fan between the greenhouse and the heat storage unit, and solar heat was collected from the air inside the greenhouse (Fig. 2). Typical patterns of diurnal changes in temperatures in the Type I solar greenhouse on a clear day are shown in Fig. 3. Solar heat stored in the daytime was 9, 900kcal and heat released in the nighttime was 11, 060kcal. The average efficiency of heat storage on clear days was 20%, based on the outside solar radiation.In the Type II solar greenhouse (with one layer thermal screen), three 1.6m2 air-type solar collectors were attached. PCMs, 300kg of CaCl2⋅6H2O and 200kg of PEG (# 600), were encapsulated in double-layered polypropylene panels (1.2cm in thickness) and were installed in the heat storage unit. In the daytime, air was sucked from the greenhouse to the collectors, and heated air was then sent to the heat storage unit and was returned to the greenhouse. In the nighttime, the path to the collectors was closed by a damper, and air was circulated between the greenhouse and the heat storage unit, although the direction of the air flow through the heat storage unit was opposite to that in the daytime (Figs. 4 and 5). The heat collected in the collectors was 12, 060kcal, and the heat stored in the heat storage unit was 8, 380kcal (7, 520kcal to CaCl2⋅6H2O, 860kcal to PEG) on Feb. 3, 1980. The temperatures of CaCl2⋅6H2O and PEG were kept almost at the melting point of each, which indicated that the storage capacity of latent heat was not yet filled. The inside air temperature was kept at 8.0°C in the early morning on Feb. 4, when the outside air temperature was -0.6°C. The average efficiency of heat storage on clear days was 17%, taking into account the receiving area of both the collectors and the greenhouse.In the Type III solar greenhouse (with one layer thermal screen), double-layered polypropylene panels (1.5cm in thickness) which contained 56kg of CaCl2⋅6H2O were installed in front of the inside surface of the north wall. They could be called a heat storage panel. In addition to this, 200kg of PEG (#600) was encapsulated in PVC pipes (3.2cm in diameter) and was installed in the small heat storage unit. The heat storage panel can store heat from direct solar radiation. In the heat storage unit, heat was collected from the inside air by circulating air between the greenhouse and the heat storage unit. Typical patterns of diurnal changes in temperatures in the Type III solar greenhouse on a clear day are shown in Fig. 6. The heat stored in the heat storage panel and the heat storage unit was 2, 860kcal and 7, 560kcal, respectively.

著者

中本 有美 仁科 弘重 増井 典良 橋本 康

出版者

日本生物環境工学会

雑誌

植物工場学会誌 (ISSN:09186638)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.11, no.2, pp.136-139, 1999-06-01 (Released:2011-03-02)

参考文献数

7

被引用文献数

2 2

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In the present study, amenity effect on human psychology as affected by ornamental foliage plants used as a screen was analyzed by means of electroencephalogram (EEG) and semantic differential technique.The experiments were carried out in a room at Ehime University in November and December of 1997. The following three conditions concerning the arrangement of ornamental foliage plants or screens around the subject were rated by eleven students.(a) a screen on each side of the subject(b) a screen on the one side and three ornamental foliage plants on the other side of the subject(c) three ornamental foliage plants on each side of the subjectElectroencephalogram of each student were measured in the room. Ratio of alpha wave to beta wave was calculated as an index expressing the degree of amenity. As for semantic differential technique, factor analysis was performed based on nineteen SD scales.Higher ratio of alpha wave to beta wave was observed in the condition (c). Two factors were extracted by the factor analysis. The factor scores of the condition (b) and the condition (c) were higher than the factor score of the condition (a). These results indicated the amenity effect on human psychology by plants.

著者

浅海 英記 仁科 弘重 中村 博文 増井 典良 橋本 康

出版者

日本生物環境工学会

雑誌

植物工場学会誌 (ISSN:09186638)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.7, no.3, pp.138-143, 1995-09-01 (Released:2011-03-02)

参考文献数

5

被引用文献数

22 14

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In this study, three experiments were performed in order to investigate the effect of ornamental foliage plants on visual fatigue caused by visual display terminal operation. Visual fatigue was evaluated as critical flicker fusion frequency (CFF). Four students served as subjects in each experiment.The experiment (1) was carried out to examine the reduction of visual fatigue by viewing plants during visual display terminal operation. As the results, the CFF of the subjects in case of viewing plants was higher than that in case of viewing no plant. Especially, the difference of the CFF of the subject A was 9.3%.The experiment (2) was carried out to examine the recovery of visual fatigue by viewing plants after visual display terminal operation. As the results, the CFF of the three subjects except A increased in case of viewing plants and decreased in case of viewing no plant. The differences of the CFF of the subjects B and D were 4.6% and 3.6% respectively.The experiment (3) was carried out to determine whether difference in kinds of plants could bring about difference of the recovery of visual fatigue. As the results, average of the CFF of the subjects in case of viewing Schefflera arboricola “Hong Kong”, Cupressus macrocarpa “Gold Crest” and no plant decreased by 2.7%, 3.1% and 6.0% respectively, while average of the CFF of the subjects in case of viewing Dracaena fragrans “Massangeana” showed an increase of 0.6%.

著者

三並 めぐる 仁科 弘重 續木 寛子 高山 弘太郎

出版者

生態工学会

雑誌

Eco-Engineering (ISSN:13470485)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.23, no.2, pp.47-55, 2011-04-30 (Released:2011-06-02)

参考文献数

39

被引用文献数

3

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This study analyzed the effects on the psychological state of high school students of having plants in the classroom and of raising plants. Two separate experiments were carried out, using students from three classes of Ehime University Senior High School. Analysis of psychological state was carried out using Semantic Differential Method and Profile of Mood States, along with analysis of brain waves. The subjects also completed a questionnaire. In the first experiment, the three classes were divided into three groups. The classroom of the foliage plant group and the flower group contained foliage plants and live roses placed in the classroom, respectively. As the results, the foliage plant group was evaluated higher for “sense of tranquility” than the flower group and the control group, and more students in the foliage plant group than the flower group felt positive effects. In the second experiment, students were divided into three groups: Group A, no selection of plants and no care of plants; Group B, no selection of plants but care of plants; and Group C, selection of plants and care of plants. A single foliage plant was distributed to every student and students were allowed to place their plants where they liked. As the results, scores were high for the first factor (pleasant) and the second factor (emotional changes) in group. Proactive involvement with plants in the Group B and C increased attachment to and interest in plants, and was effective as a method for relieving stress and increasing communication.

著者

久枝 和昇 高山 弘太郎 仁科 弘重 東 幸太 有馬 誠一

出版者

日本生物環境工学会

雑誌

植物環境工学 (ISSN:18802028)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.19, no.1, pp.19-26, 2007 (Released:2008-04-02)

参考文献数

11

被引用文献数

2 3

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We have been conducting research on the improvement of productivity in large-scale greenhouse tomato production. One of the factors that largely influence the tomato productivity is the rate of CO2 fixation by photosynthesis. The amount of CO2 fixed by the whole plant canopy varies considerably and is known to depend on canopy structure.To date, few studies have analyzed photosynthesis in plant canopies within the context of improving productivity for large-scale tomato production. Consequently, obtaining data and developing analytical methods that are relevant to production is important.The present study investigated the rate of photosynthesis within a plant canopy and the vertical distribution of the amount of CO2 fixed by plants with the aim of increasing CO2 fixation and yield. This was done by analyzing the photosynthetic rate in individual leaves, examining plant canopy structure and measuring light intensity within the plant canopy.It was found that the leaves located in the upper parts of canopies were exposed to higher light intensities, experiencing light saturation and had higher rates of photosynthesis at the point of light saturation than leaves in the middle and lower parts of the plant. It was assumed that this was due to the occurrence of senescence and the development of shade-leaf characteristics in the leaves of the lower parts of the plant. The results implied that removal of the leaves under 150 cm or farther from the apical meristems could increase CO2 fixation and productivity of the plant canopy.The analytical methods developed in the present study can be applied to assess the efficacy of seasonal management methods such as cropping patterns, utilization of lateral buds, and leaf thinning, for maximizing yields.

著者

青野 忠勝 仁科 弘重 渡部 憲幸

出版者

農業施設学会

雑誌

農業施設 (ISSN:03888517)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.24, no.4, pp.231-239, 1994

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高床式開放鶏舎における除糞機の開発に取組み, ローラ型ガイドを有する, 無人走行が可能な自走式除糞機を製作した。試作除糞機は管理機がベースであり, 走行速度の低下を目的として, 機関の動力取り出し軸 (PTO軸) に装着するプーリの改良も試みた。<br>そして, タイヤの種類・機関回転数・シフトレバーポジションの違いによるけん引力を測定し, 既存プーリの場合と比較検討した。さらに, 試作除糞機によって除糞作業を行い, 走行速度との関係も含めて, 除糞効率を求めた。<br>その結果, 試作除糞機は, 除糞作業に十分なけん引力を示し, また, 除糞効率も70~100%と高い値が得られたことから, 実用上十分な性能を有すると判断された。

著者

有馬 誠一 上加 裕子 神村 泰地 仁科 弘重 羽藤 堅治 高山 弘太郎

出版者

一般社団法人日本機械学会

雑誌

ロボティクス・メカトロニクス講演会講演概要集

巻号頁・発行日

vol.2011, pp."1A1-A02(1)"-"1A1-A02(2)", 2011-05-26

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The autonomous driving unit using the regression reflective type laser sensor and the laser range sensor has been developed aiming at automation and robotization of various work in the intelligent greenhouse (harvesting and pest control) and plant diagnosis information measurement. Some study cases of on-board equipped system of harvesting, pest control and plant diagnosis information measurement are reported.

著者

乗松 貞子 仁科 弘重 家串 香奈

出版者

日本生物環境工学会

雑誌

植物環境工学 (ISSN:18802028)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.18, no.2, pp.97-104, 2006 (Released:2007-06-01)

参考文献数

20

被引用文献数

3 2

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In the present research, psychological states of elderly people in the process of raising plants were analyzed by means of brain waves and semantic differential technique.The experiment carried out from October 2004 to January 2005. Subjects were ten elderly individuals (mean age, 70.5 years) and ten young individuals (mean age, 21.0 years). Each subject raised three kinds of plants (Pachira glabra Pasq., Myrtillocactus geometrizans Console and Cyclamen persicum Mill. cvs.) for ten weeks in his or her house. At the zeroth, second, sixth and tenth week of the experiment, the subjects brought their plants to a laboratory at Ehime University. In the laboratory, the psychological states of the subjects in seeing their plants in front of them were evaluated by brain wave and semantic differential technique. The Cyclamen persicum Mill. cvs. of most subjects lost its flowers and leaves and declined in appearance at approximately the sixth week.The ratio of alpha wave to beta wave calculated an index of the degree of calmness of psychological state. As for the elderly subjects, the differences of the ratios of alpha wave to beta wave between the evaluated plants became smaller according to the raising weeks. The influence of the deterioration of the Cyclamen persicum Mill. cvs. on the psychological states of the elderly subjects was not observed. The semantic differential data were almost the same the brain waves data. These results indicated that elderly people's psychological states became stable and calm in the process of raising plants.

著者

仁科 弘重

出版者

日本植物工場学会

雑誌

植物環境工学 (ISSN:18802028)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.20, no.4, pp.236-241, 2008-12-01

参考文献数

17

被引用文献数

2 8

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室内に植物を配置することによって、室内に潤いが生まれ、人間は心が癒され、より快適に過ごせることになる。このことを期待して、家庭やオフィスなどの室内に植物を配置することが多くなっている。この効果はグリーンアメニティと呼ばれており、本誌(植物環境工学)の掲載分野の一つとされている。筆者は、15年以上前からグリーンアメニティの研究を行っており、2000年には「グリーンアメニティに関する研究」で日本生物環境調節学会学会賞を授与された。グリーンアメニティには、温熱環境調節・快適性向上効果心理的効果、視覚疲労緩和・回復効果、空気浄化効果の4つの効果があると考えられ、筆者らは、これらの効果それぞれについて実験、研究を進めている。例えば、温熱環境調節・快適性向上効果の室内温湿度測定の様子を、Fig. 1(A)に示す。また、最近は、主に高齢者を対象とした園芸療法も注目を集めつつあるため、筆者らも、グリーンアメニティの応用分野の一つとして、園芸療法の心理的効果に関連した実験、研究を行っている。さらに、オフィスワーカーの働く空間にも快適性が求められるようになってきたため、オフィスにおける快適性向上についての実験も行っている。本稿では、グリーンアメニティの効果の一つである心理的効果について、その評価方法および筆者らが最近行った研究を概説する。