13 0 0 0 OA ベシクルから迫る細胞システムの起源
- 著者
- 栗栖 実 今井 正幸
- 出版者
- 生命の起原および進化学会
- 雑誌
- Viva Origino (ISSN:09104003)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.51, no.2, pp.3, 2023 (Released:2023-06-23)
- 参考文献数
- 333
Vesicles are membrane compartments in aqueous solutions consisting of self-assembled amphiphilic molecules such as lipids. Before the first living systems emerged from non-living forms of matter, functional macromolecules and vesicles must have assembled to form prebiotic self-reproducing compartment systems called “protocells.” Although we cannot observe protocells today, recent advances in soft matter physics, systems chemistry, and synthetic biology are making steady progress in our bottom-up understanding of what bridges non-living and living systems. In this review, we focus on the vesicular compartment aspect of recent protocell research and provide a membrane physics background that helps us understand how protocells reproduced themselves four billion years ago. In addition to prebiotically plausible reactions and dynamics, we also focus on the non-natural (or artificial) approaches that can achieve the same essential concepts of protocells in different ways from biological systems. Therefore, this review will provide knowledge on vesicles also for researchers and students interested in artificial cells and minimal cells.
10 0 0 0 OA 生物物理学の概念と展望
6 0 0 0 OA 情報高分子の連携によるベシクルの成長と分裂
- 著者
- 栗栖 実 今井 正幸 WALDE Peter
- 出版者
- 一般社団法人 日本生物物理学会
- 雑誌
- 生物物理 (ISSN:05824052)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.61, no.6, pp.378-381, 2021 (Released:2021-11-25)
- 参考文献数
- 10
2 0 0 0 IR 再論「拡大EU」 : 新規加盟国のパフォーマンスとユーロの浸透への予見
- 著者
- 今井 正幸
- 出版者
- 日本福祉大学
- 雑誌
- 日本福祉大学経済論集 (ISSN:09156011)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- no.30, pp.37-55, 2005-02-28
1 0 0 0 ミニマルセルの創成を通してみる生命誕生のための非平衡熱力学条件
生命は高分子(タンパク質・核酸)、膜分子(脂質)などのソフトマターと呼ばれる分子の集合体が、それらの構成成分を合成する化学反応ネットワークと連携して増殖していく非平衡システムである。我々は、生命として最も基本的な性質「膜に囲まれたシステムが外部から原料を取り入れて自らのシステムを構築する分子を合成し(代謝)、それら分子群を用いてシステムを複製する(自己生産)、そして複製である子システムも親システムと同じ特性を有する(遺伝)」を持つ最小限のシステム(ミニマルセル)を人工的に構築し、そのミニマルセルの安定性を非平衡熱力学を基に明らかにすることにより生命の誕生の謎に迫る。
1 0 0 0 IR ブルガリア国の経済回復とEU加盟への展望--民営化と外国直接投資の役割
- 著者
- 今井 正幸
- 出版者
- 日本福祉大学
- 雑誌
- 日本福祉大学経済論集 (ISSN:09156011)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- no.32, pp.27-50, 2006-02
1 0 0 0 IR ピエール・アントワーヌ・ドネ&アンヌ・ガリギュー共著『ジャポン・ある経済の終焉』
- 著者
- 今井 正幸 Garrigue Anne 今井 正幸
- 出版者
- 日本福祉大学
- 雑誌
- 日本福祉大学経済論集 (ISSN:09156011)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- no.23, pp.173-195, 2001-06-30
In these decades, there been a considerable number of critiques viewing Japan, which have been performed and published by western experts. Amongst them there is a difference between those of Anglo-American versus European authorship: It has been observed that the former give us the impression of not only criticizing Japan severely, but also of urging their own standards of value upon the subject country; while the latter do not show such a tendency to force their own behavior upon Japan.This book, published quite recently by two French journalists, tries to describe to the greatest extent possible, the Japanese economic political and social affairs. The authors do turn severe eyes on certain things, yet they do not force the reader to follow European models. In the 7 chapters into which the book is divided, the authors have tried to capture in their observations the overlying rhythm of the process of Japan's economic development, while also extracting the contradictions existing at the bottom of its industrial and social structure, such as the double structure differentiating huge companies from small and medium scale companies.Further, following the passing stages of the process, they note the illusion of the golden age, and analyze in a well integrated manner the several elements which have caused the profound troubles during the decade of the 1990s. As an inevitable orientation for the coming new 21st century, Japan needs to and should change its entire structure, taking paths other than the traditional Japanese model, not only for the sake of renewing its own development, but also for the surrounding partner countries in Asia.The authors with their keen eyes and balanced observers' minds, describe the evolution of reforms taken by the Japanese government as well as their results, such as a huge amount of public debts, and a structural change in employment which has brought a significant turn in workers' minds.The long continued economic recession, with daily reports of restructuring of enterprises accompanied by the firing of a lot of salaried employees, have visibly and deeply changed the Japanese people's belief in their society. Inevitably, they have become apathetic in the political world, lost confidence in their leading power elites, and now there appears an individualism which is new to the Japanese way. In addition to those phenomena, the authors point out several elements and power groups who dare to hinder the evolution of improvement and renovation aimed at the solution of the innumerable troubles.In the last chapter, titled "The giant is not dead", the authors analyze both the historical and present relationships of Japan with the surrounding countries in Asia, especially China, and make one sort of recommendation in the field of international politics, concerning Japan's responsibility for events during the war period, including indemnity.As for Japan's relations with the United States, there are not many assertions other than to remark upon the former's non-achievement of complete independence from the latter's dominance. Japan has turned its head toward Europe, and particularly France, due to the successful evolution of the European Union, as well as to the consensus found between the two parties on defending themselves against American globalization.In conclusion, briefly but firmly, the authors confirm their belief in the future possible renovation and improvement of Japanese society and its external relations owing to the people's racial characteristic of patience by which they could overwhelm any kinds of difficulties to be encountered on the way of Japan's development in the near future.