著者

佐野 知子 井上 元子 滝澤 理貴 島森 美光 黒澤 菜穂子

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

YAKUGAKU ZASSHI (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.137, no.5, pp.603-610, 2017 (Released:2017-05-01)

参考文献数

13

被引用文献数

1

---

The Hakodate Watanabe Hospital has held pharmacist-led multidisciplinary psychiatric pharmacotherapy conferences since September 2013 in order to optimize pharmacotherapy. The effects of holding regular conferences on the correction of high-dose antipsychotic polypharmacy, prevention and reduction of adverse reactions to antipsychotics, and reduction of the drug costs were investigated in psychiatric inpatients prescribed 4 or more antipsychotics. The results revealed that the number of antipsychotics and number of all drugs were significantly reduced by 1, the chlorpromazine (CP)-equivalent dose was significantly reduced by approximately 350 mg, and the drug costs were significantly reduced by 176.5 yen/d. In regard to the effects on the laboratory test data, the blood glucose and hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels were significantly reduced. In addition, 84.8% of the patients were assessed as “unchanged” using the Clinical Global Impression of Change (CGI-C), indicating the absence of any significant changes in the severity of the clinical psychiatric symptoms. The results confirm that psychiatric pharmacotherapy conferences are effective for promoting appropriate use of antipsychotics, reducing the incidence of metabolic adverse reactions, such as elevation of the blood glucose, and also reducing the drug costs. The above results suggest that psychiatric pharmacotherapy conferences encourage psychiatric medical teams to adjust prescriptions while sharing information, and are effective for optimizing pharmacotherapy.

著者

武田 香陽子 高橋 淳 益川 弘如 島森 美光

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

YAKUGAKU ZASSHI (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.137, no.6, pp.659-664, 2017-06-01 (Released:2017-06-01)

参考文献数

22

被引用文献数

8 9

---

Recently, the practice of active learning has spread, increasingly recognized as an essential component of academic studies. Classes incorporating small group discussion (SGD) are conducted at many universities. At present, assessments of the effectiveness of SGD have mostly involved evaluation by questionnaires conducted by teachers, by peer assessment, and by self-evaluation of students. However, qualitative data, such as open-ended descriptions by students, have not been widely evaluated. As a result, we have been unable to analyze the processes and methods involved in how students acquire knowledge in SGD. In recent years, due to advances in information and communication technology (ICT), text mining has enabled the analysis of qualitative data. We therefore investigated whether the introduction of a learning system comprising the jigsaw method and problem-based learning (PBL) would improve student attitudes toward learning; we did this by text mining analysis of the content of student reports. We found that by applying the jigsaw method before PBL, we were able to improve student attitudes toward learning and increase the depth of their understanding of the area of study as a result of working with others. The use of text mining to analyze qualitative data also allowed us to understand the processes and methods by which students acquired knowledge in SGD and also changes in students’ understanding and performance based on improvements to the class. This finding suggests that the use of text mining to analyze qualitative data could enable teachers to evaluate the effectiveness of various methods employed to improve learning.

著者

武田 香陽子 石突 諭 大野 裕昭 島森 美光

出版者

日本医学教育学会

雑誌

医学教育 (ISSN:03869644)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.46, no.2, pp.161-170, 2015-04-25 (Released:2017-03-03)

参考文献数

18

被引用文献数

1

---

目的 : 卒業基準を満たさなかった学生の学習状況の実態を把握し学習支援の在り方を検討する.方法 : 学習状況のアンケート調査を行い, その内容を成績別で比較した. さらに支援期間中の成績変化を解析した.結果 : 成績下位者は授業が理解できないため自習を希望していた. また, 卒業延期決定後から次年度授業開始までの顕著な成績低下が認められた.考察 : 授業が理解できず自習を希望する成績下位者に対しては授業前後の個別指導が必要と考えられた. また, 短期間で成績低下しないような分野 (領域) 横断型の勉強法の指導が有効と考えられた.

著者

本間 克明 酒井 律子 武島 晶子 島森 美光 早瀬 幸俊

出版者

公益社団法人日本薬学会

雑誌

藥學雜誌 = Journal of the Pharmaceutical Society of Japan (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.124, no.10, pp.693-697, 2004-10-01

参考文献数

5

被引用文献数

1

---

生活環境の改善や医学の進歩等により, わが国の平均寿命は平成13年では男性78.07年, 女性84.93年となり, 1)世界有数の長寿国となっている. そして, 65歳以上の高齢者人口は平成12年でおよそ2200万人と総人口の17.4%を占めており, 平成27年には26%台となり, さらに平成42年には29.6%, 平成62年には35.7%に達すると推計されている. 2)このような急速な高齢化の進展や疾病構造の変化等によりわが国の医療をとりまく環境は大きく変化しており, それに伴い国民医療費は年々増大し, 平成11年度には約30兆円に到達した. 年齢階級別国民医療費を平成12年度で見ると, 65歳以上の医療費が約12兆円で, 実に50%を占めるに至っており, これを1人当たりの医療費で見ると, 15歳から44歳が約7万円, 45歳から64歳が約19万円であるのに対して, 65歳以上では約54万円, 70歳以上では約63万円, 75歳以上では約70万円と15歳から44歳及び45歳から64歳の医療費に比べて, それぞれ約3倍から10倍高くなっている. 3)この原因としては高齢者は受診率が高く, また重症化し易く, かつ治療には長期間かかることなどが考えられている.

著者

佐野 知子 原田 雅史 菅原 隆光 伊坂 直紀 増岡 昭生 三上 昭廣 島森 美光 黒澤 菜穂子

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

YAKUGAKU ZASSHI (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.133, no.8, pp.897-903, 2013 (Released:2013-08-01)

参考文献数

12

被引用文献数

5 6

---

As hospitalized patients in psychiatry departments are often prescribed multiple psychotropics depending on their psychiatric symptoms, psychotropics are considered as important factors potentially associated with a high risk of falls. In this study, we attempted to investigate, from the aspect of drug prescription, to what degree the number and doses of psychotropics must be adjusted in order to reduce risk of falls in hospitalized psychiatric patients. The subjects were 526 patients, consisting of a fall group of 313 patients, who had experienced 1 to 5 falls (510 events) and a control group of 213 patients who had never experienced falls. Multiple logistic regression analysis was performed to determine the correlations between the occurrence of falls and the number and doses of psychotropics. The results showed that the risk of falls increased with increasing number of antipsychotics and anxiolytics/hypnotics prescribed, with the risk increasing, by 3.75-fold with the increase in the dose of chlorpromazine (CP)-equivalents to more than 600 mg, by 2.08-fold when the dose of diazepam (DAP)-equivalents to more than 15 mg, and by 7.80-fold with increase in CP-equivalents to more than 600 mg concomitantly with an increase in DAP-equivalents to more than 15 mg. In addition, a tendency towards increase in the frequency of falls was observed when more than 5 psychotropics were prescribed concomitantly. The above results suggested that the risk of falls may be reduced by appropriately adjusting the number of drugs and the doses of psychotropics used in the treatment of psychiatric disorders.