著者

嶋津 格

出版者

有斐閣

雑誌

法哲学年報 (ISSN:03872890)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.23-32, 2014

著者

嶋津 格

出版者

日本法哲学会

雑誌

法哲学年報 (ISSN:03872890)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1991, pp.58-76, 1992-10-30 (Released:2008-11-17)

参考文献数

26

被引用文献数

2

著者

椎名 紀久子 嶋津 格 南塚 信吾 森川 セーラ 寺井 正憲 只木 徹

出版者

千葉大学

雑誌

基盤研究(B)

巻号頁・発行日

2008

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本科研は、母語としての日本語と外国語としての英語で「批判的に思考」し「論理的に発信」できる力を小中高大で系統的に育成する指導システムを構築し、具体的な教材開発と授業提案を行うことであった。批判的思考の定義や研究史を踏まえたうえで研究を行った結果、外国語教育の分野だけでなく、倫理哲学と歴史学においても、批判的思考力育成のための教育方法をある程度提起することができた。

著者

嶋津 格

出版者

日本法哲学会

雑誌

法哲学年報 (ISSN:03872890)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.2008, pp.104-111, 2009 (Released:2021-12-29)

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Professor Yashiro applied standard logic of Law and Economics to Labor market and deduced conclusions which are commonplace among economists but surprising among lawyers; legal intervention for the purpose of protecting workers’ job will hurt the least advantaged by causing their unemployment etc. Although such inference looks solid within the model of microeconomics, we still have to wait and see the results of each policy because in real markets competition is far from perfect and transactions are anything but costless. Professor Ihori discussed the social and economic reactions, both facilitating and obstructing, to big policies: financial, social welfare, and tax reforms. Law, he said, sometimes works in order to have interest groups trust government's commitment. But since full commitment of‘ ‘at any cost’ type in such cases is neither feasible politically nor good as itself, people will understand such commitment of the government or of the party in power in more political terms than legal. Professor Suzumura analyzed the concept of Pareto efficiency and defended ’compound-eye approach’, i.e. at the same time consequentialist and proceduralist in evaluating social institutions. Considering the fact that our social institutions are operating in the circumstance of huge transaction cost (TC which makes the whole process pass-dependent and historical the explanatory power of modeling theories of social choice school might be limited especially when the number of the actors are millions or more rather than two or three. Professor Kamemoto’s study of Ronald Coase was impressive that main implication of Coase’s concept of TC is rather to analyze and explain the existence of such social institutions as laws, corporations and markets in the real world with TC rather than to speculate about counterfactual world of no TC as in so called Coase's theorem. It is obvious that economists would be better with legal training and lawyers with economist’s perspective. There are vast area of theoretical interest between law and economics. But practically, we should also have to know the limitation of each knowledge while maintaining common sense skepticism to both.

著者

嶋津 格

出版者

日本法哲学会

雑誌

法哲学年報 (ISSN:03872890)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.2006, pp.134-141,262, 2007-10-30 (Released:2010-12-16)

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The following are my comments on the presentations in our symposium on legal education. 1) Teaching law has been an effective route for Westernization in Japan. One of the marked features that graduates from a Law Department tend to acquire is their readiness to be accountable for social order. Compared with graduates from Literature or Economics, bachelors of law are likely to better manage norms in general. I believe recent sea change in legal education in Japan, which includes new establishment of about 70 law schools, will not affect the basic advantage of law education at undergraduate level. 2) When social norms are under perpetuated change lawyers are required to be more creative than regular study of law interpretation facilitates them to be. In such a circumstance Legal Philosophy, together with Sociology and Comparative Study of Law etc., will become all the more important. The fact that first rank law schools in the U. S. have rich courses in those theoretical studies of law is revealing this. 3) Professor Hagiwara talked about Japanese pseudo-rule of law. In that context too much focus on the Alternative Dispute Resolution and Restorative Justice might be harmful. In ADR, legal rules which are relevant to the concerned legal case will not be identified and confirmed. Otherwise, the rules found applicable to a new case today are likely to be applied to the similar cases in the future so that the number of cases which will come to the court for just resolution will be reduced greatly. In ADR, there is no guarantee that similar cases will be resolved similarly, which is one of requisites for the appearance of justice or that of rule of law. 4) The most fundamental thesis in my observation is that in the ideological phenomenon like law social belief in its existence which has something to do with people's sense of justice tends to make people behave accordingly so that the social reality in which we can talk on law meaningfully will come in place. In short the belief in law tends to fulfill itself. So, the main task of legal profession has been and still is to disseminate this belief.

著者

嶋津 格

出版者

日本法哲学会

雑誌

法哲学年報 (ISSN:03872890)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.2004, pp.56-63,204, 2005-09-30 (Released:2008-11-17)

参考文献数

13

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Is it that libertarianism can or must be defended for the consequences it will bring about? Since this issue was at the center of the discussion which took place among the speakers and commentators in our symposium I dwelled on this subject first. As the result ‘open consequentialism’ was supported, in which truth and falsehood of an ideology, such as libertarianism, is to depend upon unarticulated and numerous consequences that people will experience within the society committed to it. The reasons why one has come to believe or to abandon an ideology differ from one to another. Some general view point, descriptive or normative, can be said to be true if and only if there are always new examples to be discovered for its truth. In the rest of the comment some other points raised in the conference were briefly summarized; distinction between economic and personal freedom, nature of meta-utopia, policy for spontaneity, insights and limits of economics, redistribution and national defense, and the roll of brave individuals in a libertarian society.

著者

嶋津 格

出版者

日本法哲学会

雑誌

法哲学年報 (ISSN:03872890)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1993, pp.1-5, 1994-10-30 (Released:2008-11-17)

著者

嶋津 格

出版者

日本法哲学会

雑誌

法哲学年報 (ISSN:03872890)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1983, pp.183-189, 1984-10-20 (Released:2008-11-17)

著者

嶋津 格

出版者

日本法哲学会

雑誌

法哲学年報 (ISSN:03872890)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1979, pp.192-203, 1980-10-30 (Released:2008-11-17)

参考文献数

44

著者

嶋津 格 森池 豊武

出版者

The Japanese Association of Sociology of Law

雑誌

法社会学 (ISSN:04376161)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1992, no.44, pp.2-17,341, 1992-04-30 (Released:2009-01-15)

参考文献数

16

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It is illuminating for the understanding of Hayek's theory of law to summarize his arguments for the refutation of socialism, or collectivist economic planning, which were started in as early as 1935 and have constantly been enriched till his latest Fatal Conceit. His theory of law is laid as one of the cornerstones of the normative part of his entire social theory, in which individual freedom under the rule of law is contrasted with serfdom in collectivism. But although his line of thought is attractive enough, I find his theory about what the law in the era of active legislation should be like not very clear and open to our imaginative interpretations. So, in order to proceed in the task of giving a more explicit Hayekian conception of legislative law, I start from his idea about what legislation should not be like, which is quite unequivocal.

著者

宇佐美 誠 嶋津 格 長谷川 晃 後藤 玲子 常木 淳 山田 八千子 吉原 直毅 那須 耕介

出版者

東京工業大学

雑誌

基盤研究(B)

巻号頁・発行日

2007

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本研究では、法と経済学に関して、法哲学を基軸としつつ経済哲学的・実定法学的な視点も導入した学際的視座から、総合的かつ多角的な考察を実施した。(1)学問方法については、効率性・正義等の基本概念の分析、経済学的法観念と法学的法観念の比較検討、経済学的人間モデルの吟味、法解釈学の射程の論定、厚生経済学の批判的精査を、(2)学問対象については、経済学的研究が従来未開拓だった公的扶助、学校教育、民事訴訟での立証責任分配に関する分析を行った。

著者

嶋津 格 藤井 俊夫 戸田 善治

出版者

千葉大学

雑誌

基盤研究(C)

巻号頁・発行日

2003

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千葉大学の付属中学校、同小学校、および千葉県立千葉南高等学校の協力を得て、法学の基礎的体験を初等・中等学校でさせることを目的として、実験的な研究を行った。それまで2年間行ってきた研究の継続の側面もある。題材として「カイワレ裁判」(大腸菌O-157によって堺市の多数の小学校で集団食中毒が発生し、原因としてカイワレ大根が疑われ、国によるその発表によって全国のカイワレ農家が風評被害を受けた、という国家賠償請求事件)を採用することにした。平成15年度は、主に教材の作成を行った。判決の収集と概要の作成、事件を担当した弁護士(録画)、国の代理人であった法務省の担当者(録音)へのインタヴューと、米国の陪審裁判の調査、などを行った。16年度は、実際の授業を行うことが中心であった。高等学校と中学校で各1回、小学校では、以前作成した別の題材を使って2回の授業を行った後、同じクラスでカイワレ裁判による授業を行った(子供たちの飲み込みの早さに驚かされた)。授業では、当初の予定を変更して、事前に作成した台本を二人の大学院生が原告と被告の主張を述べる方式を採用することとした(使用した台本は報告書に収めているので、他でも利用可能)。教育学で使われる方式に則って、「授業案」を作成して実行するとともに、授業全体を録画した。授業の方法は、2時間続きの授業のうち、前半を事件の概要の説明にあて、後半を6人一組にクラスを分けて、それぞれで判決に対応する判断を出させる、というものである。結果はかなり満足のゆくものであった。クラスでは、高校・中学校・小学校のどこでも、活発すぎるほどの討論があり、生徒たちはかなり充実した体験をしたと思う(ワークシートの結果や感想などを参照)。長期的には、法的思考と裁判制度が日本社会で占める位置の変化への対応などの大きな課題を視野におくが、法学授業の初中等教育への導入実験という当面の成果は得られたと思う。

著者

井上達夫 嶋津格 松浦好治編

出版者

東京大学出版会

巻号頁・発行日

1999