著者
張 玉玲 Yuling Zhang
出版者
国立民族学博物館
雑誌
国立民族学博物館研究報告 = Bulletin of the National Museum of Ethnology (ISSN:0385180X)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.30, no.1, pp.57-91, 2005-09-30

本稿では,華僑二世,三世および華僑社会へのリターン者(「復帰」者)のライフ・ヒストリーを通して,ミクロな視点から在日華僑が如何にエスニック境界を規定しアイデンティティを獲得していくのかを考察してみる。具体的には,世代交替に伴い,華僑の日本社会への同化が進み,華僑社会の後継者が不足している中,異なる民族・文化観を持つ二世と三世はそれぞれどのように「日本人」,「中国人」そして「華僑」を定義し,そして自らを同定しているのか,特に二世と比べ,三世がアイデンティティを確立しようとする際,エスニック境界の規定に用いられる基準とは何か,また日本人として日本社会へ溶け込もうとしたが,様々な理由で華僑社会に戻った「リターン者」は,如何に両者の間に境界線を引き,いずれかの構成員となろうとしたのか,などの問いを彼らの「語り」を通して分析し,議論していく。そしてこれらの議論を踏まえた上で,エスニック・アイデンティティ形成の条件と華僑における「中国人」の意味合いを改めて検討し,華僑社会の今後を展望してみたい。
著者
張 玉玲 Zhang Yuling
出版者
Graduate School of International Development. Nagoya University
雑誌
Forum of International Development Studies (ISSN:13413732)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.23, pp.223-242, 2003-03 (Released:2006-03-28)

This paper discusses the creation of Chinese culture in Japan through the historical development of“lion dance”among the Chinese community in Yokohama. The lion dance we see today, which is regarded as one of the traditional Chinese entertainments, was started by Cantonese immigrants as a dance dedicated to the Guandi god. However, Chinese culture including the lion dance was suppressed in Japan during the WW II. Through a renaissance, the younger generation has molded their national identity while transcending the boundaries of their local culture. Since the 1960s, two graduate associations of local Chinese schools have taken major roles in the succession of the lion dance among the community, until it eventually became a cultural symbol of Chinese tradition in the 1980s. Through cultural exchange with overseas Chinese, especially in Southeast Asia since the 1990s, they identified themselves as local Chinese in Yokohama as well as a part of the global Chinese community. At the same time, the tensions between Chinese and Taiwanese in Yokohama have decreased. Chinese in Yokohama are currently creating their own culture, which has been referred to by Japanese as Chinese culture, and is named by themselves“Huaqiao wenhua”(overseas-Chinese culture). Thus the meaning of being Chinese in Japan itself is changing today. The historical transformation of cultural activities like the lion dance performed by Chinese in Yokohama represents its unique and dynamic nature.