著者

長谷川 兼一 吉野 博 後藤 伴延

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会環境系論文集 (ISSN:13480685)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.85, no.768, pp.169-176, 2020 (Released:2020-02-28)

参考文献数

20

被引用文献数

3 1

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According to statistical data reported by the Japanese government, the major causes of death for Japanese people are cancer, heart disease and cerebrovascular disease. The incidence rate of cerebrovascular disease in particular is higher during winter than summer (Hayama, 2011). One possible reason for this seasonal difference is that exposure to low temperatures can cause fluctuations in blood pressure. In houses with poor thermal insulation, indoor temperature differences between heated and non-heated spaces, such as the bathroom, corridors, and lavatory can be larger during winter. Many houses in the Tohoku region have a poor thermal environment during winter, and the incidence rate of cerebrovascular disease in this area is the highest compared to the other areas in Japan. Hasegawa and Yoshino (1985) investigated indoor thermal environment in houses of Yamagata prefecture, which is included in Tohoku region, during the heating season and the death rate of cerebrovascular disease in 1983 and 1984. As a result, the temperature difference between the heated living room and the unheated rooms was found to be great. Also it was revealed that if the lavatory temperature was low or the bedroom was not heated, the occupants living in such houses statistically tended to be susceptible to cerebral vascular accident. In order to clarify the association between the indoor environment of residential buildings and cerebrovascular disease, an epidemiological survey of 188 elderly persons living in Yamagata Prefecture in the Tohoku region of Japan was conducted. The specific areas investigated included three rural towns (former Yahata town, former Haguro town and Asahi town) and these areas are same as the investigated areas about 30 years ago. The survey was divided into three phases. The first phase (Phase 1) was a cross-sectional questionnaire on housing characteristics related to the indoor thermal environment and occupants' lifestyle habits among elderly persons. This paper describes the results obtained from this questionnaire and presents the characteristics of the indoor thermal environment and occupants' lifestyle habits during winter. Moreover, an association between the increase in rate of death due to cerebrovascular disease and factors that influenced the indoor environment of houses is examined using multivariable logistic regression analysis. The multivariable logistic regression analysis shows that always feeling a draft in the living room while operating heating equipment (AOR, 8.14; 95%CI, 1.55-42.8) and low temperature in a living room at morning (AOR, 0.87; 95%CI, 0.78-0.98) was positively associated with an increased rate of death due to cerebrovascular disease for former Yahata town. These results indicate that a poor indoor thermal environment may contribute to an increase in the rate of death due to cerebrovascular disease. In addition, a high salt diet may contribute to the onset of cerebrovascular disease. When participants moved from a living room to a bathroom during winter, they reported thermal sensations, such as ‘warm’, ‘neutral’ and ‘cold’. AOR for ‘cold’ when entering a bathroom (AOR, 0.17; 95%CI, 0.05–0.58) was significant for former Yahata. These results indicate that occupants in this town did not feel cold, although the indoor temperatures among surveyed towns were similar. AOR for light clothing when staying at home was significant for former Yahata town and participants were thinly dressed during heating season. Therefore they may be more readily exposed to a cold indoor environment than other towns.

著者

小林 光 一條 佑介 野崎 淳夫 二科 妃里 成田 泰章 後藤 伴延 吉野 博

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会技術報告集 (ISSN:13419463)

巻号頁・発行日

no.60, pp.789-793, 2019-06

被引用文献数

1

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<p>This study explored changes in spatial radiation dose rate both indoor and outdoor associated with a decontamination operation for a wooden house in a high dose rate region in Fukushima. As a result, the averaged spatial dose rate at 1m height from the floor before the decontamination was 1.73μSv/h and the dose rate after the decontamination was 0.86μSv/h. Furthermore, the results of a comparison of the dose rate between pre- and post-decontamination indicates a decrease in the dose rate at almost all points. The reduction rate of spatial dose-rate was 40 to 50% at the center of the house.</p>

著者

大場 正昭 倉渕 隆 飯野 秋成 後藤 伴延 飯野 由香利

出版者

東京工芸大学

雑誌

基盤研究(B)

巻号頁・発行日

2006

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本研究は、ウインド・クオリティに基づいて適度な室内温熱環境を形成実現するために、平成18年度と19年度に風洞実験、実測及びマクロモデル解析を行い、以下の研究成果を得た。1.通風局所相似モデルと換気マクロモデルの連成プログラムの開発:換気回路網計算の換気マクロモデルにおいて、流入開口及び流出開口に通風局所相似モデルを適用した連成プログラムを開発した。流量係数を一定としたオリフィスモデルに比べて通風量の予測精度が向上した。2.自然通風の気流特性の解析:通風は不規則に変動し風速も比較的速く、0.1Hz以下の低周波成分や低波数の割合が多い気流であった。一方、空調風は通風と比較して規則的で低風速であり、0.1Hz以上の周波数領域におけるパワースペクトルの割合が多いことから比較的小さい渦が多い気流である。風向が変動すると、規則性が顕著になりエアコンのスイングの周期に相当する0.01〜0.1Hzの周波数領域のパワースペクトルの割合が卓越して多くなった。3.通風時の温熱環境評価の特性:風速0.5m/s未満の通風時における温冷感や快適感は、空調時よりやや暑い側や不快側に評価され、気流感も空調時より感じない側の評価になっており、空調時の乾湿感には多少乾燥側の評価が見られた。風速0.5m/s以上の通風時では空調時よりも快適側に評価された。4.熱赤外動画像処理による通風時の人体表面熱収支の可視化:通風環境下および空調環境下におけるサーマルマネキンと被験者の部位別の表面温度変動の特徴を熱赤外動画像解析により示した。特に赤外線放射カメラによる30Hz熱赤外動画像と超音波風速計による20Hzの気流変動との関係を解析する方法を提示した。