著者

山本 裕二 木島 章文 福原 洸 横山 慶子 小林 亮 加納 剛史 石黒 章夫 奥村 基生 島 弘幸

出版者

名古屋大学

雑誌

基盤研究(A)

巻号頁・発行日

2020-04-01

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本研究では,スポーツにおける対人運動技能の制御・学習則を解明する.対人運動技能とは,眼前の他者と連携や駆け引きを行う技能と,連携や駆け引きを通して互いに成長し続ける技能の両方を指す.これは様々なスポーツに共通の重要な技能であると考えられるが,従来は個の運動技能のみが扱われており,対人運動技能の制御・学習則は未知である.そこで本研究では,二者が連携や駆け引き,二者が連携して他の二者と駆け引きする対人運動技能の制御・学習過程の調査・行動実験からそこに潜む規則性を見つけ,数理モデルを構築して制御・学習の本質を理解し,ロボットに実装してその妥当性を検証する.

著者

奥村 文浩 横山 慶子 山本 裕二 OKUMURA Fumihiro YOKOYAMA Keiko YAMAMOTO Yuji

出版者

名古屋大学総合保健体育科学センター

雑誌

総合保健体育科学 (ISSN:02895412)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.42, no.1, pp.21-24, 2019

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In massed start bicycle races, riding in a group to avoid air resistance is profitable for racing cyclist to save their energy consumption. In this study, we estimated cyclists' power output and analyzed the relationship to the group size in a national championship of track cycling points race. The results show that the average velocity of the group increased as the number of riders in a group increased to some extent, but the average velocity of the large group decresed as the size of the group increased. These results suggest that the small groups are formed by cyclists intended to raise the pace and, on the other hand, the large groups are formed to save energy cunsumption by cyclists intended not to raise the pace.

著者

山本 裕二 横山 慶子 木島 章文 島 弘幸 YAMAMOTO Yuji YOKOYAMA Keiko KIJIMA Akifumi SHIMA Hiroyuki

出版者

名古屋大学総合保健体育科学センター

雑誌

総合保健体育科学 (ISSN:02895412)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.40, no.1, pp.1-14, 2017-06-30

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This study considered the movements of the defense lines and the ball during a football game as a three-coupled oscillation. Each defense line of two opposing teams oscillated with in-phase synchronization, and the length between each defense line and the ball oscillated with anti-phase synchronization. We introduced a three-coupled oscillation model to understand these synchronizations. First, we considered the case in which three masses, m, and four spring constants, k, were equal in a three-coupled oscillation. We calculated the eigenvectors and eigenvalues based on the equation of motion, and we obtained three modes of oscillation as three angular frequencies in the equation. We obtained key parameters when we defined the initial state of the system, which allowed us to solve the equation of motion for three-coupled oscillation. Next, we considered cases in which three masses and four spring constants differed. To confirm the validity of the three-coupled oscillation model, we calculated the distribution of the relative phase between two outer masses, m1 and m3, as defense lines and the length between two outer masses and the middle mass, m2, as each defense line and the ball. The three-coupled oscillations showed similar distributions of the relative phase. However, the periodogram showed distinct periodicity. Thus, a more sophisticated model is needed to understand the behavior of the defense lines and the ball during football games.

著者

山本 裕二 横山 慶子 Yamamoto Yuji Yokoyama Keiko

出版者

名古屋大学総合保健体育科学センター

雑誌

総合保健体育科学 (ISSN:02895412)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.35, no.1, pp.1-7, 2012-03-30

著者

横山 慶子 山本 裕二

出版者

日本認知科学会

雑誌

認知科学 (ISSN:13417924)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.18, no.2, pp.284-298, 2011 (Released:2011-12-16)

参考文献数

36

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This study was designed to elucidate collective dynamics in ball sports by developing an index to quantify team cooperation; it also aimed to confirm the validity of that index by applying it to actual game data. Cooperation within a team was quantified in terms of the team divergence coefficient (TD), which was expressed as team convergence-divergence during play. To evaluate use of space on the court or field, a team pressure-field (TP) was calculated as the sum of individual pressure-fields (IPs), based on the pressure-field model developed by Kijima (2008). The TD was then calculated from the TP using Shannon's entropy. We analyzed the relationship between the TD and team distance which was confirmed as a control parameter for pattern of game, by analyzing data from two actual field hockey games played by six-player adult and youth teams. The adult game has shown that it switched the cooperation patterns between divergence and convergence according to the team distance, however, the youth game has not shown. Our results suggest that the team distance would be considered as a control paramter for a team cooperation. We discussed a collective dynamics of team cooperation from a dynamical systems perspective.